(1) Understand the general significance of the central point of this article.

(2) Memorize the argumentation characteristics of metaphor method based on fable in the text.

(3) Analyze the meanings of idioms that can be summarized in this article, such as "Qiao" and "Chi Man".

2. "Ten Thoughts on Emperor Taizong"

(1) Understand the internal logical relationship among the three argumentation levels in this paper.

(2) Analysis of the corresponding relationship of the "Ten Thoughts" theory, that is, the monarch should refrain from self-denial, and the people can carry a boat or overturn it.

(3) Understand the argumentation characteristics of combining metaphor and contrast.

3. "Answer Sima Zhi's words"

(1) Understand and refute the way of discussion in the article "Breaking Words in it".

(2) Analyze the characteristics of "fact refutation" and "reason refutation" respectively adopted by the author when refuting the enemy's viewpoint.

? (3) Understand that although the tone of this article is peaceful, its attitude is firm and firm.

4. "Today"

(1) Recognize the central argument of this article and understand the practical pertinence of this argument.

(2) Understanding The author demonstrates the characteristics of the central point of view from two aspects: the time meaning and the objective existence meaning of "today".

(3) Understand the relationship between various arguments and the central argument in the text.

(4) Understand the process and function of deduction.

5. "Have China people lost confidence?"

? (1) Learn by heart This is a rebuttal article.

(2) Understand the central argument established in this paper to praise the strong will and self-confidence of the "national backbone".

(3) Grasp the opponent's logical mistakes and analyze the argumentative features of this paper.

(4) Understand the profound meaning of the last paragraph of this article.

6. "Autumn"

(1) Master the definition, types and characteristics of autumn.

(2) Understand the various interpretation methods adopted in this paper.

(3) Understand the structure and expression characteristics of this article.

7. The movement of the bridge

(1) Understand the abstract truth that "the movement of the bridge is the existing form of the bridge".

(2) To master the structural level and mode of this paper.

(3) Understand the "dynamic balance theory" of bridges.

(4) Understand the characteristics of scientific sketches in combination with the contents of the paper.