Interpretation of plagiarism in academic misconduct: plagiarizing other people's achievements, forging and tampering with experimental data, arbitrarily encroaching on other people's scientific research achievements, repeating, reducing the quality of academic papers and irresponsible education, highlighting personal interests in academic evaluation and project declaration, excessively pursuing fame and fortune, and encouraging impetuous wind.

Academic misconduct: 1992, a group of 22 scientists composed of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineering and the National Academy of Medical Sciences gave the definition of academic misconduct: fabrication, tampering or plagiarism in the process of applying for projects and implementing research reports. In other words, misconduct is mainly limited to "forgery, tampering and plagiarism" (FFP).

The Working Committee on Ethics and Rights of Science and Technology Workers of China Association for Science and Technology put forward seven forms of academic misconduct in China: plagiarism, forgery and tampering with experimental data, arbitrary encroachment on other people's scientific research achievements, repeated academic papers, degradation and irresponsible education, highlighting personal interests in academic evaluation and project declaration, excessive pursuit of fame and fortune, and encouraging impetuous wind.

Zou Chenglu, a famous life scientist in China, believes that academic misconduct in China should also include forging academic qualifications and work experience, belittling predecessors' achievements, self-exaggerating propaganda, submitting more papers, signing papers that are not submitted by myself, and making unrealistic propaganda for commercial advertisements.

Although there are differences in various definitions, the substance is basically the same, that is, academic misconduct refers to acts that violate the scientific code of conduct, fraud, plagiarism or other acts that violate the social public code of conduct. Generally speaking, the existing main academic misconduct can be divided into the following four categories: plagiarism, forgery, tampering and others.

Plagiarism:

Plagiarism, a Chinese word, refers to copying (other people's thoughts or words) and adopting (created products) without telling the source; Plunder. Plagiarism (other people's thoughts or words); To adopt (a created product) without telling its source. One of his academic works was blatantly plagiarized and published in abbreviated form.

Liu Zongyuan's Debate on Wen Zi in Tang Dynasty: There are few people who are confused, but many who steal his books and merge them. Anyone who manages several generations of Mencius sees plagiarism. National History Museum, a continuation of Qing Dynasty: Cai Suiyuan, Yu Rong and Su all copied the Chinese inscription. Speech at the opening ceremony of the National Science Conference: We should criticize and educate those erroneous ideas and styles that are not conducive to the development of socialist science, such as pursuing personal interests, blocking each other, not engaging in cooperation, and even monopolizing plagiarism.

Plunder. Song Sima Guang's Biography of Sushui (Volume XI): Yuan Daobing plagiarized people's homes. "Surprise at the Second Moment" Volume V: Years of accumulation, even when the grand ceremony is in full swing, it is plagiarism. Shen Tao's Essays on Clear City (Volume II): Shan Li Jr. copied it, like a ghost.