Regular maintenance of automobile maintenance
The specific items and duration of regular maintenance and the different provisions of various vehicles shall be subject to the provisions of the vehicle operating instructions. Regular maintenance should generally be carried out in the garage or garage.
First-class maintenance
1. Cleaning: It is not the cleaning of the surface of the car, but more details, such as cleaning and replacing the air filter of the engine, checking the handle of the rotating machine, and cleaning up the deposits inside.
2. Body: This inspection is mainly to check whether the screws fastening the body and other accessories are tightened safely. So as to ensure that all parts of the vehicle body will not break down during driving.
3. Grease: The project is mainly to check the liquid level of crankcase, carburetor and brake fluid. If it exceeds the standard level, it is harmful to the car. Also check the whole vehicle for water leakage, oil leakage and electric leakage.
4. Inspection device: the first-class maintenance of the automobile needs to inspect various devices in the automobile, such as the conversion device of the three-way catalytic converter; Radiator, intake and exhaust manifold, carburetor, fan, air compressor, generator, etc. All kinds of small and important parts in the car.
Secondary maintenance
(1) engine parts
1. Start the engine and listen to the noise when the engine is running at idle speed, medium speed and high speed.
2. Check the cylinder pressure or vacuum degree, if necessary, remove the carbon deposit in the combustion chamber, grind the valve, adjust the valve seat clearance, and check whether the oil seal and the crankshaft rear bearing leak oil.
3. Disassemble and clean the carburetor and gasoline pump according to the situation, and conduct test adjustment on the test bench when necessary to make it meet the standard; Remove the air filter and change the oil, clean the gasoline filter and check the pipes and connectors.
4. Check the bolts and nuts fastening the cylinder head, intake and exhaust manifolds and muffler, and check the fixing of the engine, the connection and fastening of the flywheel housing and the cylinder block.
5. Clean the coarse and fine oil filters (replace the fine filter element), disassemble and clean the oil pan, clean the oil pump and oil filter, wipe and check the cylinder wall, check the bearing bush (adjust it if necessary), install and tighten the oil pan, and fill a proper amount of new oil to the specified oil level as needed.
6. Check the working condition of the air compressor and the tightness of the pipeline, adjust the tightness of the belt, remove the oil, water and dirt in the air storage tank, and check the wiper and its air duct.
7. Check the fixing of radiator and cover, the working condition of water pump, whether there is water leakage, add grease to the feed pump shaft, and check the working efficiency of shutters.
(2) Clutch and transmission part
1. Check the clutch efficiency and the bottom cover bolt, adjust the free stroke of the springboard, and add grease to the springboard shaft. (2) Check the gear oil released by the transmission, clean the transmission and gears, check the wear devices of gears, shafts and transmission mechanisms and the fastening of flywheel housing bolts, replace the transmission cover, and fill the gear oil to a specified height.
2. Check the universal joint, change the direction of the ten ampere shaft according to the situation, check the looseness of the transmission shaft and expansion sleeve, check the intermediate support frame and bearing, add grease, and tighten the trailer hook nut.
3. Check the working condition of the hand brake, the connection and fastening of the machine, adjust the hand brake part, and apply grease on the brake shoe pin.
4. Remove the main reducer and differential according to the situation, check the gear engagement, adjust the bearing tightness, add or replace gear oil, dredge the vent hole, check whether there is oil leakage, and tighten the bolts and nuts.
(3) Front axle part
1. Before removing bolts, check the wear of brake drum, brake pad, spring, bearing, oil seal, brake shoe shaft and cam, adjust brake shoe clearance and looseness of front hub bearing, replenish or replace grease, and tighten tire bolts and nuts.
2. Check and adjust the steering gear, add grease, check and adjust the turning amount and clearance of the steering wheel, tighten the fixing bolts and nuts, and remove the tie rod, tie rod arm, steering arm ball head and spring, etc. Adjust tightness, tighten and add grease.
3. Check the fixing and function of the shock absorber, replenish the shock absorber fluid according to the situation, remove the technical conditions of leaf spring, plate pin, bracket, lug, clip, riding bolt and nut, add grease, reassemble and tighten.
4. Fasten the front bumper, front towing hook, wing plate, hood, foot pedal, fixing bolts and nuts of the cab. Check the working condition of the brake air chamber, tighten the bolts and nuts, and fill the brake camshaft with grease. 5. Check whether the front axle (I-beam) is bent or broken, check the main adjustment toe-in, remove the steering tie rod ball head, add oozing grease, adjust and tighten.
(4) Rear axle part
1. Dismantle and check the wear of the rear brake drum, brake shoe, spring, bearing, bearing, oil seal, pedal shaft and cam, adjust the clearance of brake foot and tightness of rear hub bearing, replenish or replace grease, check the wheelbase, replace the axle shaft as appropriate, tighten the bolts and nuts of axle shaft flange, tighten the bolts and nuts of tire and brake air chamber, and add grease to brake camshaft.
2. Dismantle and check the technical conditions of the main and auxiliary leaf springs, leaf pins, brackets and lifting lugs, fixtures, riding bolts and nuts, and add grease before reassembling and fastening.
3. Check and tighten the fuel tank bracket, automobile baffle, rear door baffle, automobile fixing bolts and nuts, fender bolts and nuts, etc.
4. Check and tighten the spare wheel frame and tool box.
(5) Electrical equipment
1. Check the specific gravity of battery electrolyte, fill in the specific gravity of electrolyte, add distilled water for charging, coat the electric pile head with vaseline for anticorrosion, dredge and cover the vent hole, check the starting circuit and fasten the battery bracket.
2. Check all the electrical equipment of the automobile and their intact conditions, check the working conditions of the regulating horn, indicator light, brake light, turn signal light, headlight and other electrical appliances, disassemble, clean and lubricate the distributor, check the spring tension of the centrifugal block and the working conditions of the vacuum regulator, and check the capacitor, ignition coil and working performance.
3. Check and clean the generator and regulator starter, and test its working performance. When secondary maintenance is carried out every 6000~8000 kilometers (which can be increased or decreased appropriately according to the specific situation), preventive inspection must be carried out on the disintegration of the generator and starter to eliminate hidden dangers.
(6) Tire part
1. Remove stones and other inclusions from the processing line and check whether the tire is blistered, layered, torn, deformed and aged.
2. Dismantle the tire, clean the rim, check whether the inner tube and tire are damaged or broken, inflate the tire according to the specified air pressure, turn the tire over or change the position.
3. Check whether there is friction between tire and fender, trunk floor, leaf spring and fender.
(7) Vehicle inspection items
Check the overall appearance and paint condition of the car, check whether there are cracks in the frame and whether the rivets are loose, check the working efficiency of the braking system and the tightness of the pipeline, check the working condition of the armpit steering system and the lighting design, and check the lubrication according to the provisions of the vehicle lubrication diagram. If there is any fault or no requirement, adjust and maintain it according to the relevant jobs and stations. Carry out a road test on the car, listen to the running situation of the engine when accelerating and flying in the ointment, whether there is linear and normal noise, whether there is abnormal noise on the chassis, and test the braking performance of the brakes at various speeds, without deviation, jitter, invalid braking and abnormal noise. When the car is parked on a slope, tighten the handbrake and stop. After driving for a certain distance, check whether the transmission housing, rear axle main reducer housing and brake drum are overheated. After the road test, if abnormal phenomena are found, they should be checked, adjusted and eliminated immediately.
Fourth, unplanned maintenance.
1. The running-in maintenance of a new car or a car that has just been put into use after overhaul is called the running-in period.
2. Maintenance during running-in. Generally speaking, the initial maintenance of running-in should be carried out within 300 kilometers of the new car, and its operation items can be carried out with reference to daily maintenance.
3. Maintenance in the running-in process. Medium-term maintenance is generally carried out when the vehicle travels about 500 kilometers. The main items include: tightening the cylinder head and intake and exhaust manifold screws according to the specified sequence and torque. Replace engine oil and oil filter element. Fasten and lubricate all parts of the car. Check the free travel of brake pedal and clutch pedal.
Regular maintenance of the car is necessary, which is also to enable us to drive out better and avoid some parts damage or failure caused by long-term driving.
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