The coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction is an important issue that China's socialist modernization must face correctly. Under the condition of socialist market economy, economic construction has both a direct supporting role and a long-term basic role in national defense construction; National defense construction not only plays a special role in ensuring the safety of economic construction, but also plays a certain role in regulating and promoting economic construction. Therefore, national defense construction and economic construction are inseparable unity. It is true that national defense, as a public product, will inevitably consume scarce economic resources. Therefore, the government needs to make the best choice in the balance between economic utility and social utility of resources, so as to promote the coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction. Correctly handling the relationship between them is not only an important part of the national defense construction thought of three generations of leading collective in China, but also a major practical issue related to the long-term development of China's national security and economic construction. Guided by Marxist theory, adhering to Scientific Outlook on Development, using the viewpoint and method of dialectical materialism, and starting from the dialectical relationship between national defense construction and economic construction, this paper systematically analyzes the necessity of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction, deeply studies the historical context and existing practical problems of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction in China after the founding of New China, and investigates the practices and experiences of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction in several representative foreign countries, which provides valuable reference for China. On this basis, the strategy of coordinated development of national defense construction and economic construction in China is put forward. ...