1. Establish the concept of the unique position of physical education in higher education. Physical education can enhance students' physique and contribute to the development of moral education; Physical education can promote the development of intellectual education and aesthetic education; Physical education can promote the development of labor and technical education; Physical education can enrich the extracurricular cultural life of college students and meet the needs of socialist spiritual civilization construction on campus.
2. Establish the concept of serving the cultivation of high-quality talents. Give full play to the role of physical education, so that students can receive correct sports concept education and scientific physical exercise ability training during school, so that they can deeply understand the short-term and long-term impact of physical exercise on human body, realize that the success of their career depends on their health, and urge them to take physical exercise as a conscious behavior.
3. Establish the concept of lifelong sports. Only by correctly understanding the value of lifelong physical education can we promote the reform of physical education in colleges and universities. The exercise habits and daily exercise rhythms formed during college are beneficial for students to better adapt to various environmental changes in the future and improve the work efficiency of different jobs. Therefore, strengthening the awareness of lifelong physical education and popularizing and expanding the propaganda of lifelong physical education during college will help college students form lifelong physical education awareness and make them form the habit of consciously and actively participating in physical exercise, especially paying attention to and strengthening the formation of college students' awareness of physical exercise and the cultivation of their independent exercise ability in their future work.
Second, the focus of physical education reform in colleges and universities
The reform of physical education in colleges and universities should focus on students' future development needs, improve students' sports literacy and lay a good foundation for lifelong sports; Focus on cultivating students' ability to appreciate beauty, express beauty and create beauty.
1. Pay attention to the development of students' personality in the teaching process. In the process of physical education teaching, students are the main body of teaching activities and the object of education is students. However, they are different in physical, psychological, intellectual and physical aspects, which requires us to pay attention to and give play to students' personalities in the teaching process, so that they can receive education in a comfortable and lively environment.
2. Methods in the teaching process. First, the transformation from teaching type to guiding type. We should be good at guiding students, often communicate with them, discuss and make suggestions, so that students can truly become the main body of the classroom. The second is the change from single type to diversified type. According to the characteristics of this course, a variety of teaching methods are adopted to improve students' interest and teaching quality. The third is the change from boring to entertainment. Make students learn knowledge in entertainment, so as to achieve the expected teaching purpose. The fourth is to change in-class into out-of-class teaching activities, unify in-class and out-of-class teaching activities within the scope of the curriculum, and organically combine the two to serve lifelong sports.
3. Diversification of course materials. The diversification of teaching materials mainly emphasizes the characteristics, innovation and adaptability of teaching materials, rather than the more types and quantities of teaching materials, the better. The new round of diversified construction of basic education curriculum materials takes ideological and moral education as the soul and cultivates students' innovative spirit and practical ability as the main line. The teaching material reform of physical education course is aimed at all students at first, and the difficulty is appropriately reduced, and the deeper, more difficult and over-emphasized parts of the original course content are deleted, so that the course content presents the characteristics of conciseness, clarity, order and novelty. Secondly, the part closely related to students' health and life is added, which makes the course content more specific and full of life breath.
4. The proposal of miniaturization curriculum. In recent years, a large number of emerging sports (such as street dance, para para para dance, etc. ) quickly walked into the university campus. These sports are very popular among college students. However, due to the lack of systematic and mature theories and methods, these new sports can only be introduced to students in a few hours, and there are also 24-style simplified Tai Ji Chuan, soft volleyball and other events that don't take many hours. In order to adapt to the current knowledge-seeking characteristics of college students, we can offer miniaturization courses of such projects within one semester.
5. Club form. Due to the continuous strengthening of students' subjective consciousness, the forms of college sports, especially extracurricular sports, will inevitably change, and sports clubs have become an important organizational form of college sports. Sports clubs are established on the basis of physical education teaching content in colleges and universities and local sports events, and there are two main forms: one is a competitive event aimed at developing students' sports expertise and improving sports technical level; The other is mass activities aimed at fitness, leisure and entertainment.
6. Lecture on sports knowledge. At present, a considerable number of college students in China lack health knowledge, unclear understanding of human body structure and scientific fitness methods. Combined with the present situation, we can organize lectures on sports knowledge in a targeted way, improve students' health knowledge level, enhance the scientificity of students' fitness methods, and make them form good habits of scientific exercise.
7. Improve the level of teachers. Colleges and universities should actively create good training conditions for teachers and provide multi-form, multi-level and multi-topic training opportunities. On the premise of completing teaching and scientific research tasks, teachers should actively stimulate and mobilize the intrinsic motivation of training. Teachers should use the time of winter and summer vacations to constantly recharge their batteries and constantly update their professional level, so as to better serve students and let students accept new knowledge faster and better. Colleges and universities should devote themselves to introducing new people, so that the age, professional title and academic structure of school physical education teachers tend to be balanced, and at the same time pay attention to the different directions of new people, so as to ensure that the specific ideas and methods in teachers' work complement each other.
Third, the significance of college physical education reform to lifelong physical education
The "cornerstone" function of college physical education reform plays an important role in lifelong physical education. The purpose of physical education reform in colleges and universities is to enable students to master systematic physical education knowledge, sports skills and the principles and methods of scientific exercise through study. On the one hand, it can promote students' health and enhance their physique, on the other hand, it can cultivate students' awareness, habits and ability of lifelong sports.
1. College physical education will focus on cultivating lifelong exercise habits. With the improvement of the quality of life, the field of spiritual life is expanding, and the influence of sports on people's daily life is getting bigger and bigger, and the scope involved is getting wider and wider. The self-creation tendency of expressing theme consciousness has become a new pursuit goal. Take exercise as a part of life, and achieve the purpose of strengthening body, adjusting psychology and cultivating sentiment in a happy and harmonious atmosphere. Sports with rich content, great freedom, strong randomness and high interest will be more easily accepted by people. With the development of society and fierce competition, the pace of people's life is accelerating, the frequency of information exchange is increasing, many people are psychologically nervous and their physical fitness is declining, and similar modern civilization syndromes are constantly emerging. People are eager to adjust their body and mind and overcome psychological obstacles and physical fatigue through some relaxed, elegant and economical exercises. Therefore, those sports activities with obvious fitness effect and suitable physical and mental load will be preferred and accepted. Physical education in colleges and universities is not only a school-centered educational activity. It is not only a means to promote students' physical and mental health and complete their learning tasks, but also the only way for students to master the knowledge and methods of physical fitness, establish lifelong sports ideas and cultivate lifelong exercise habits. Therefore, college physical education has obvious basic function and lifelong benefit for students, and the times have given college physical education a new historical mission.
2. College physical education lays a good foundation for lifelong physical education and promotes the healthy development of students' body and mind. Physical education in colleges and universities should follow the law of students' physical and mental development, teach physical education class well, effectively promote the normal development of students' body shape, function and quality, and improve students' health and physique. Physical education in colleges and universities enables students to master the basic knowledge of physical education and scientific exercise methods, cultivate students' interests and hobbies in physical education, and form exercise habits.
3. College physical education lays a solid theoretical and technical foundation for lifelong physical education. Students should master the basic exercise methods and skills during college, achieve the ability to participate in physical exercise independently, and form a good habit of scientific exercise. This is not only the premise of self-improvement and promotion of mass sports work, but also the basis of persisting in exercise, becoming the backbone of social sports, promoting the development of social sports in China and cultivating personal lifelong sports ability and interest. The mastery and application of this ability can benefit students for life, which fully embodies the positive significance of lifelong physical education.
1 preface
Teachers' self-reflection is the driving force of "teaching innovation". The basic point of teaching reform is to teach students how to learn. Teachers should play the role of guide, enlightener and consultant. "Teaching innovation" means the change of teachers' "teaching concept". According to the basic idea of quality education, the teaching arrangement of school physical education curriculum should establish a new curriculum system with "strengthening the body and educating people" as the core, and break the traditional education mode of teaching competitive sports techniques. Adapt to the development concept of school physical education, establish a new teaching mode focusing on imparting physical fitness knowledge and physical exercise methods, combining theory with practice, and all people-oriented development theories, so that students can form the consciousness and ability to engage in physical fitness for life in school.
2 Analysis of the traditional school education model
In recent years, with the popularization and implementation of the National Fitness Program and the popularization of the idea of "lifelong sports", school physical education has made major reforms, but there is no breakthrough in general. Physical education teachers in some schools try to choose some novel teaching contents in physical education classroom teaching, such as adding humanistic knowledge on the basis of physical education class Theory, and adopting happy sports and successful sports in teaching mode. But back to teaching, the teaching method is still based on competitive sports training, and there is still a certain distance between the implementation of new theories and new models. The purpose of teaching is still to improve students' physical fitness and sports skills, and it is still based on teaching, which is to cultivate students' weak awareness of physical health and lack of physical fitness knowledge.
2. 1 Students have poor awareness of physical fitness and lack of physical fitness knowledge.
There are many areas where junior high schools are rising now, and physical education should be tested. One of them is volleyball. Students can easily cushion seventy or eighty balls in one minute during the exam. Physical education class doesn't have to imagine that everything in volleyball revolves around the mat. After being admitted to high school, teachers still take the mat ball as the main content in volleyball, even in universities. Students rarely practice volleyball after work, and occasionally touching volleyball is just a "work episode". This is only a small example, but it reflects that if we don't adapt to the teaching arrangement of school physical education curriculum under the new situation and develop the knowledge, methods and direction of physical fitness, the future lifelong physical education will be thought-provoking.
2.2 Technology-centered neglect of physical quality education has seriously affected students' physical development.
At present, more than 90% PE teachers are "born well", that is to say, they specialize in physical education after graduation from the Institute of Physical Education. What these teachers actually learned in college is also a set of theories and methods of competitive sports, which is the traditional teaching methods. As soon as the teacher gets the textbook, he thinks about how to teach the students, not what the students want to learn; Teachers mainly talk about technical issues, fearing that others will think they are "amateurs"; In some schools, it leads to the habit of starting training and closing competitions. Therefore, the new teaching arrangement can not be implemented normally, and it also seriously affects students' physical development, not to mention lifelong sports.
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2.3 poor awareness of educational innovation, can not stimulate students' interest in learning.
In school education, PE teachers will use traditional teaching methods effortlessly, because they can create new teaching methods without thinking, thus taking any risks. Besides, many of our teachers have never learned it themselves, so they seldom consider adding new teaching methods to teach students. In order to make our students engage in physical exercise for life, we must change the existing teaching mode and establish a new teaching mode that integrates physical fitness, cultural knowledge and physical practice. Confucius once said, "Knowing is not as good as being kind, and being kind is not as good as being happy." Only when students are interested in physical education can they often take part in exercise, form the habit of insisting on physical exercise, establish the consciousness of lifelong physical education, and regard physical activity as an indispensable and important part of life.
3 new ideas, establish a new "sports concept"
The essence of education is to cultivate people and serve certain social, economic, political and cultural development needs through people. Education is not only the need of social development, but also the need of human development. The ultimate goal of human education is to better meet the needs of social development. Promoting people's all-round development is the center of educational activities and the ultimate goal of quality education.
Physical education is a part of education, which cultivates people with all-round development together with moral education, intellectual education and aesthetic education. The Decision on Deepening Education Reform and Promoting Quality Education in an All-round Way points out: "Healthy physique is the basic premise for young people to serve the motherland and the people, and it is the embodiment of the vigorous vitality of the Chinese nation. School education should establish the guiding ideology of health first and earnestly strengthen physical education. " This clearly puts forward the basis and goal of school physical education teaching reform.
Sports should be engraved in people's hearts, so that students can establish the idea of lifelong sports, promote their health and develop in a normal and healthy direction. Both school leaders and physical education teachers should establish the new concepts of "lifelong physical education" and "health first", instead of focusing on a good lesson in physical education class, ignoring students' physical fitness and ability to enter the society after graduation. In addition to cultivating students' necessary sports skills, we should also consider the requirements of "lifelong sports", combine physical education teaching content with future social life, pay attention to cultivating students' awareness of fitness and participation, and make physical education a part of students' life values and gradually internalize it into a character.
3. 1 Enrich learning content and strengthen theoretical study.
A.H.Maslow, a humanistic psychologist, once said that people have seven different needs, from low to high, namely physiological needs, security needs, belonging and love needs, knowledge and understanding needs, aesthetic needs and self-realization needs. Higher-level needs must at least partially meet lower-level needs before they can appear. It can be seen that sports activities can not only meet the basic needs of students' physique, but also meet students' various higher social needs, such as social interaction, respect for personality, pleasure in body and mind, and self-worth.
Teachers should purposefully cultivate students' understanding and hobbies of sports, guide students to clarify the purpose and significance of sports learning, and strengthen students' ability of sports learning and sports activities; Teachers should strive to improve their teaching art and teaching level, and try their best to meet the legitimate needs of students by enriching teaching content and changing teaching forms and methods. When students' various social needs are met in sports activities, social needs stimulate students' interest in sports learning and their consciousness of participating in sports activities, so that they can study effectively, make students truly understand and apply sports theoretical knowledge to carry out physical exercise scientifically, and lay the foundation for the formation of lifelong sports.
3.2 Earnestly implement the new teaching objectives and improve students' learning enthusiasm.
Because students' motivation to participate in sports activities is often based on understanding the purpose and significance of learning. As an education, first let students know why they study and what is the real purpose of studying physical education? What is the significance for yourself and the future society? At the same time, in order to stimulate students' consciousness and enthusiasm in learning physical education, teachers should not only help students to define their general learning goals, such as the learning goals during the whole middle school or university period and the learning goals in a certain academic year, but also help students to formulate and define their own actual and specific goals in light of students' reality, so as to truly turn the objective requirements for students into their learning needs. For example, in volleyball class, let a student who can't spike determine the learning goal that he can spike after one month. In the first week, the teacher throws the ball, the students take off the small goal of spike in situ, then reduce the spike of clear height, and then gradually improve the clear height goal, and reach the final goal with the phased realization of the small step goal, which will effectively stimulate students' enthusiasm for learning, mobilize students' physical and mental energy, and enable students to experience the fun and success of learning from the learning process and results.
3.3 Improve the artistry of teachers' teaching and stimulate students' interest in learning.
Interest is the forerunner of learning, and both happy sports and successful sports are the internal motivation to stimulate students to learn and love sports. Once an individual becomes interested in an activity, he can improve the efficiency of this activity, and so can sports learning activities. A strong interest in sports activities will make students have a positive learning attitude and promote them to study happily. Both teachers and students take an active part in teaching activities. According to "those who can be teachers" and "three people must be teachers", a teaching method is designed to exchange roles, improve teaching artistry, stimulate students' creative thinking and learn with new knowledge and new teaching methods. At the same time, vivid and diverse teaching methods create a relaxed and positive classroom atmosphere, encourage students to write sports games and dances, and properly use modern teaching methods such as music accompaniment, projection, video recording and computer multimedia to improve students' learning effect. Only in this way can students gradually increase their interest in sports learning and activities, and with their interest in sports learning, they often take part in physical exercise, form the habit of insisting on physical exercise, and finally establish the consciousness of lifelong sports, so as to regard sports activities as an indispensable and important part of life.