Treating stones likes nourishing and softening the liver, treating infection, clearing heat and clearing intestines. (1) Professor Zhu Peiting, a patient with cholelithiasis, has been clinical for more than 30 years. He found that gallstones mostly occurred in middle-aged and elderly people, and often manifested as hypochondriac pain, dizziness, dry mouth and bitter taste, dry stool, red stab on the tip of the tongue, or cracks, pale tongue coating, rapid pulse, liver yin deficiency and so on. Professor Zhu summarized the law of syndrome differentiation of 274 cases of chronic biliary tract infection and cholelithiasis, and found that the deficiency of both liver and yin was 152 cases, accounting for 55.74%. Moreover, in the age group over 50 years old, the proportion of liver yin deficiency type is 72.37%. There are three reasons. First, it is natural factors. Neijing said: "From the year 2000 to the year 40, Yin qi was self-sufficient. The sky is exhausted. Sperm deficiency, renal failure and extreme body shape. Men are excellent at 64, and women are broken at 47. "My husband has become a Yin Qi, and his audio-visual words and deeds that have been supplied for 30 years have long since failed." The second is the development of the disease. During the intermission of gallstones, pathogenic turbidity is lingering, which is easy to consume yin and blood. During acute attack, pathogenic factors change from dryness to dryness, and dryness and heat damage yin. This is the so-called truth that "a long illness will lead to deficiency" and "yin essence is difficult to reach but easy to lose". Third, it is caused by the doctor's treatment. Cholelithiasis is generally divided into three types: qi stagnation, damp-heat and sepsis, and a large number of products are used to soothe the liver and regulate qi, clear heat and dry dampness, and cool blood and detoxify. The products with pungent dryness and bitter cold are most likely to hurt body fluid and consume blood. Robbery of liver yin and retention of liver yin deficiency. Another surgical method is more likely to directly destroy the normal morphological structure of the liver, leading to liver yin deficiency. According to Professor Zhu Peiting's statistics, 77.72% of the patients with residual stones in the hepatobiliary duct after biliary surgery have liver yin deficiency, which is enough to show that the operation will damage liver yin.
(2) Nourishing yin and benefiting qi is the foundation.
Because most patients with gallstones show yin deficiency, the treatment of gallstones cannot be limited to the stereotype of "soothing the liver and benefiting the gallbladder". Professor Zhu Peiting pioneered a new way and advocated the method of "nourishing liver and softening liver". Nourishing yin and benefiting qi is the foundation of nourishing liver and softening liver. Liver yin deficiency should be treated by "supplementing its deficiency" Professor Zhu Peiting sent Radix Rehmanniae, Fructus Lycii and Radix Polygoni Multiflori to nourish liver and yin. Professor Zhu Peiting, on the other hand, is constantly changing, knowing that "Yin and Yang are wonderful, and those who are good at nourishing Yin must be in the Yang, then the Yin rises above the Yang and the spring is inexhaustible". Every time Astragalus membranaceus and Pseudostellaria heterophylla are added to the prescription, the former will benefit qi and yang and help yin, while the latter will benefit both qi and yin. This is true for gallstones with liver-yin deficiency, and for gallstones with liver-gallbladder qi stagnation, Professor Zhu Peiting also pays attention to nourishing yin and benefiting qi, that is, the principle of "seeing liver disease, we should know that liver should be transmitted to spleen", which embodies the prevention and treatment principle advocated by Ye.
(3) The liver is just dirty and cannot be cut.
Professor Zhu Peiting often said that gallstones are in the gallbladder and rooted in the liver, and gallbladder diseases should be treated from the liver. However, the liver is just dirty, and the body yin is used by yang, and the liver qi and liver yang are often excessive, while the liver blood and liver yin are often insufficient. Therefore, treating gallbladder from the liver must not rob the liver yin. It is generally believed that gallstones are mostly caused by depression of liver and gallbladder qi, and the method of "soothing the liver and relieving depression" hits the point of pathogenesis. Bupleurum, Fructus Aurantii Immaturus, Radix Aucklandiae, Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride are the essential products. Professor Zhu Peiting believes that even for cholelithiasis with "stagnation of liver and gallbladder qi", drugs for soothing the liver and relieving depression should be used with caution. Most of these drugs are pungent and dry products, which are easy to consume qi and hurt yin. If used improperly, they will do harm to diseases. Bupleurum chinense has the performance of rising, which is easy to consume qi and rob the liver and yin. Professor Zhu Peiting basically doesn't need it. Fructus Aurantii Immaturus tastes bitter and can break the qi. The smell of wood is pungent, sweet and dry, which is suspected of hurting yin. Professor Zhu seldom uses them. Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae and Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae Viride are pungent, bitter, dry and gas-consuming. Although Professor Zhu often uses them together, the dosage is very small. When patients have symptoms of stagnation of liver-qi, Professor Zhu Peiting often uses sweet and sour products such as roses, green sepals and Rhizoma Cyperi. For patients with deficiency of both liver and yin, Professor Zhu Peiting ignored the routine method of "soothing the liver and relieving depression" and reused the products of nourishing yin and benefiting qi, which can be described as step by step.
(4) both congenital and acquired should be considered.
Liver and kidney are closely related to liver and spleen, and there is a saying that "liver and kidney are homologous" and "liver disease spreads to spleen". Kidney is the foundation of congenital, liver and kidney are closely connected with yin and yang, and kidney essence is insufficient. Failure to nourish liver yin will lead to liver yin deficiency. Spleen is the foundation of the day after tomorrow and the source of qi and blood biochemistry. If spleen deficiency and qi and blood biochemistry are passive, it will lead to liver yin deficiency. So when Professor Zhu Peiting was nourishing liver yin. Don't forget to tonify the kidney and strengthen the spleen. Tonifying the kidney with Radix Rehmanniae Preparata, Fructus Corni and Rhizoma Dioscoreae is the "six flavors of Radix Rehmanniae", and invigorating the spleen with Poria, Atractylodis Rhizoma and Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata is the "four kings" method. Professor Zhu Peiting believes that the spleen and stomach are the most important for patients. No matter what panacea it is, if you turn off your appetite, it probably won't work. Professor Zhu Peiting's medication has no effect on gastric ulcer and spleen injury. Professor Zhu Peiting often asks patients to "taste" medicine slowly after eating a small amount, just like drinking coffee. This is really an experience. "Study on the Regulation of Tannin Decoction on Liver and Bile Metabolism in Prevention and Treatment of Bile Pigment Stones"
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China 1987, with the approval number of 39070989, and appraised by National Natural Science Foundation of China1989+February. The paper was published in Shanghai Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 1990 (6): 1-7. In this study, guinea pig bile pigment calculus model was used to observe the anti-calculus effect of Tannin Decoction, a traditional Chinese medicine for soothing liver and regulating qi, and its effect on gallstone-forming bile. It is proved that Tannin Decoction can significantly reduce the activity of β -glucuronic acid in liver and bile, reduce the content of free bilirubin and calcium ion in bile, reverse the stone-forming trend, and reduce the stone-forming rate of experimental animals from 86.66% to 26.66% (P