Cultivating children's sense of beauty and aesthetic emotion is an important content that can not be ignored in Chinese teaching in basic education. In Chinese textbooks for basic education, both the expression of language and the clarification of connotation and meaning are full of beautiful factors. Faced with such textbooks, Chinese teachers have a dual task: not only to understand beauty from textbooks, but also to teach students to learn beauty from textbooks. Then, how can teachers infiltrate aesthetic education into Chinese teaching in basic education? According to my own teaching practice, I think we should try it from the following aspects.
First, the teaching language shows artistic beauty.
Teaching language is the most important tool for teachers to impart knowledge to students. The famous educator Si Xia once pointed out that for teachers, his language is like a mirror. Through it, we can see the logic of teachers' thinking, the richness of feelings, the breadth of knowledge, the profundity of understanding, the artistry of expression and the agility of reflecting problems. It is conceivable that if the teaching language lacks aesthetic feeling, students will feel boring; If the teaching language is profound, it will be difficult for students to accept and understand. Therefore, a good Chinese teacher should have a strong artistic appeal and try to make the language accurate, vivid, vivid, logical, attractive, orderly and rhythmic in class. Only in this way, the ideological and emotional nature contained in language and writing can naturally blend with students, such as silent spring rain. Although the Chinese teacher is not an actor, he is still an emotional person. As long as his feelings are true and his language is touching, he will always give students an artistic beauty.
Second, create scenes and feel the beauty of language and writing.
Articles are not heartless things, and most of the words are full of emotions. But if the teacher can't be there, enter the role, just as a bystander, make a general narrative, students can't be well infected by beauty. Because literary works reflect life with images, and images are shaped by language. In the works, we see concrete and emotional typical images. Only by being there and being closely related to the work can we be educated imperceptibly. How to give full play to one's emotions to inspire and infect students is a higher-level teaching art. Therefore, teachers can make Chinese teaching reach a more perfect level by artistic means such as designing artistic conception, creating atmosphere, reading model expressions, describing pictures, and reading music.
Third, feel the beauty of the image with illustrations.
In aesthetic education, aesthetic objects always exist in concrete and sensible images. Without a tangible image, it is impossible to become an aesthetic object. Therefore, the acquisition of aesthetic feeling first lies in the perception of image. In some texts, students can directly imagine the images depicted in the works according to the language and characters, and get beautiful enjoyment from them. However, because students' aesthetic imagination is not developed in the basic education stage, and the storage of images is poor, it is sometimes difficult for students to present images and arouse their aesthetic feeling only by written narration. At this time, the best way is to use illustrations to appeal to the visual image of the text content (because pictures are easier to produce vivid images than words), so that students can directly produce the overall image, thus achieving the purpose of cultivating aesthetic feeling and noble sentiment.
Fourth, stimulate imagination and appreciate the overall beauty.
If understanding can reproduce the beauty of image, imagination can expand the beauty of creating artistic conception. Imagination is a process in which images stored in the brain recombine to form a new image (subjectively grasped image). Reading from words to images is inseparable from this basic psychological activity for a moment. Therefore, in reading, "imagination is more important than knowledge" (Einstein's language). The longer the tactile sensation of imagination is stretched, the richer the images evoked by words, and the more vivid and profound the feelings of words. In reading teaching, we should guide students to develop rich imagination, melt the summarized and solidified content, and recreate the overall image, so as to deepen the understanding and feeling of words, expand imagination and cultivate students' aesthetic ability. For primary school students, relying on concrete visual images is easier to arouse imagination than relying on abstract text symbols, and the imagination aroused by the former is much more vivid than that of the latter.
Fifth, guide reading aloud to feel the beauty of artistic conception.
Swiss thinker Amir said that "a landscape is the crystallization of a soul". The external natural scenery and the internal mind overlap and blend into one, which is the artistic conception. Reading aloud is a good form to create beautiful artistic conception for students. According to the characteristics of the text, teachers can use various forms such as model essay reading, self-reading, guide reading, discussion reading and synchronous reading to guide students to deeply understand the artistic beauty of the text.
For example, the article "Landscape of Guilin" describes the mountains in Guilin in this way: the mountains in Guilin are really strange, rising up one after another, unconnected with each other, like old people, like elephants, like camels, and the peaks are listed in thousands of forms; The mountains in Guilin are really beautiful, like green barriers, like new bamboo shoots, brightly colored and reflected in the water; The mountains in Guilin are really dangerous. The dangerous peaks stand tall and the rocks are rugged. It seems that if you are not careful, you will fall. The author successfully used parallelism sentences, which were symmetrical and neat. In the teaching of such sentences, we can understand the relationship between sentences by reading aloud, such as reading guide, synchronous reading, discussion reading and group reading, so that students can appreciate the charm of beauty.
In a word, there are rich artistic images, fascinating profound artistic conception, concise and vivid beautiful words and expressions, and strong touching lyrical colors in primary school Chinese textbooks. Teachers should not only let students feel and experience these aesthetic contents and forms according to the contents of textbooks, but also follow the aesthetic laws of students, from shallow to deep, from perceptual to rational, so as to better penetrate aesthetic education in teaching and improve students' aesthetic quality.