Undoubtedly, market competition and economic and social harmony are a set of contradictions. There will be no harmony in the result of absolute competition. What people generally pursue is harmony based on competition or competition with harmony as the goal. Because of this, China needs to look at competition from a higher foundation with a forward-looking vision and give it new meaning.
At present, the whole society only puts forward empty moral requirements for the behavior of private entrepreneurs in market competition, but it is not. If capital wants to have a good development space, it must bear the corresponding social responsibility, otherwise the owner will understand the mistake and regard the market operation of capital as a gamble. Once capital leaves a harmonious and orderly living environment, it is like a pile of waste paper. Therefore, private entrepreneurs must truly realize that capital needs a harmonious social environment, and they must pay the corresponding cost for the harmonious social environment. The ways in which capital pays the cost include tax payment and social welfare undertakings.
The practice of China's brilliant career is the great practice of getting rich first and realizing common prosperity. This practice not only provides a kind of development belief and moral external force for the emerging entrepreneurs in China, but also is a harmonious agent besides the fierce competition in the market economy. It can be said that it is the value orientation pursued by private enterprises and entrepreneurs in China in the historical leap to competition and harmony.
It is undoubtedly a very meaningful thing that we are here today to discuss the development of public welfare undertakings with the opportunity of the 2005 China Public Welfare Hundred Schools Commendation Conference.
At the moment, I think of the big discussion that began at the beginning of last year, which was about private entrepreneurs who got rich first. Some people called it "the rich" and public welfare undertakings. It is said that the discussion originated from two leaderboards and a survey report. The rankings are the rich list and the tax list. The survey report provides a particularly striking set of data. It is said that there are currently100000 enterprises in China, including all kinds of state-owned and private enterprises. Of the10 million enterprises, no more than 654.38+million have donated, which means that 99% of China enterprises have not participated in charity. Almost at the same time, almost all the media are questioning the participation of the rich in charity, public welfare and tax payment. On the one hand, the public is dissatisfied with the absence of charitable donations from the rich and has complaints; On the other hand, why are the rich people in China absent from charity? Are entrepreneurs really not interested in public welfare or have other reasons? Whether tax leverage has an after-effect on charity and whether the social environment makes the rich discouraged, there are different opinions for a time.
It should be said that this discussion has not been conclusive, or there is no satisfactory answer. But the undeniable fact is that the environment for all sectors of society, including entrepreneurs, to participate in public welfare undertakings is gradually improving. For example, the protection of private property that bosses are worried about has been guaranteed by the Constitution. According to another source, the first China Charity Conference scheduled for June 165438+ 10 will release the Guiding Outline for the Development of Charity in China, and charitable organizations will jointly sign the Declaration on Self-discipline of Charity Organizations. It should be noted that more and more enterprises and entrepreneurs are participating in public welfare undertakings. The list of philanthropists released in April this year and the top 100 public welfare organizations that were commended this time are outstanding representatives.
The question that needs to be discussed now is, what is the value orientation of enterprises and entrepreneurs in the era of fierce competition in the market economy? What is the relationship between competition and harmony? If harmony is neglected, what will the competition be like? Wait a minute. It seems that they are all realistic problems that we can't avoid.
China has experienced 26 years of reform and opening up. It is very important for us to develop the socialist market economy, that is, to introduce market mechanism in the allocation of resources and competition mechanism in the market field. The essence of social progress and economic prosperity in the past 26 years is the result of competition. All the material civilizations we enjoy today will personally feel today's prices and quality through competition, such as the dazzling array of consumer goods everywhere. It can be said that since the emergence of market economy, competition has become particularly obvious and ruthless.
Needless to say, there are good and bad market economies, that is, a good market economy and a bad market economy. Competition is also divided into normative competition and competition that does not follow the rules of the market game, orderly competition and disorderly competition.
Economists advocate "free competition", but in reality many enterprises have formed a narrow concept of competition. For example, "shopping malls are like battlefields", "fat water doesn't flow out of outsiders" and "market competition is to destroy opponents" and so on. Under the domination of these concepts, unfair competition in the market has intensified, and price wars and local protectionism have brought varying degrees of damage to both sides of the competition. In this form of competition, the competitiveness of enterprises has not been really improved, but has consumed a lot of resources.
In the practice of socialist market economy for 26 years, to realize the innovation of competition concept is to form the competitive concept of equality, mutual benefit and win-win cooperation. This concept of competition exists in a large number of industrial clusters and plays an important role.
There is no doubt that market competition and economic and social harmony.
Q is a set of contradictions. There will be no harmony in the result of absolute competition. What people generally pursue is harmony based on competition or competition with harmony as the goal. Because of this, China needs to look at competition from a higher foundation with a forward-looking vision and give it new meaning. Since the reform and opening up, due to the development of market economy and the enhancement of competition consciousness, the original economic order and "limited harmony" in interpersonal relationships based on product economy in China have been broken through, and various "tilt" phenomena that we were not familiar with or not prominent in the past have emerged in large numbers. For example, the imbalance in the eastern, central and western regions is increasing; The contradiction between technological progress and full employment is deepening; The gap between urban and rural areas is widening; The dual unfair distribution of income equalization and minority income abnormality coexist; Different classes and social groups have benefited a lot from the economic reform, and their psychological imbalance and sense of loss are more obvious. The contradiction between man and nature, man and ecology, the reverse movement between population growth and cultivated land reduction have reached a very sharp level, and so on.
On the surface, at present, the whole society only puts forward empty moral requirements for the behavior of private entrepreneurs in market competition, but it is not. If capital wants to have a good development space, it must bear the corresponding social responsibility, otherwise the owner will understand the mistake and regard the market operation of capital as a gamble. How do the government and enterprises, capital and workers, and government and workers deal with each other? The relationship between them now seems to be centered on capital and dominated by power. But without a legal system, it is difficult to clarify the relationship. If power is eroded by capital, it will breed corruption. If capital uses power for profit, it will lose its sense of social responsibility. In addition, once capital leaves a harmonious and orderly living environment, it is like a pile of waste paper. Therefore, private entrepreneurs must truly realize that capital needs a harmonious social environment, and they must pay the corresponding cost for the harmonious social environment. The ways in which capital pays the cost include paying taxes and social welfare undertakings. In fact, some rich people do have a weak sense of paying taxes, and social welfare undertakings are just window dressing. They don't know that social welfare undertakings can fundamentally maintain the social environment needed for capital survival. When the disaster comes, the capital owner who has the most social material wealth will not go too far if he is irresponsible to the society.
Of course, talking about corporate social responsibility does not mean that enterprises should shoulder all their social responsibilities and stop making money. It is important to make money, but enterprises should have the "way" to make money and make profits in a very good and appropriate way. Social responsibility is not to donate money, but to think about how enterprises operate and how to strike a balance between different interest groups.
It is pointed out that building a harmonious society has a profound historical background and strong pertinence. In essence, it is necessary to bid farewell to the planned economy through the exploration and practice of hundreds of millions of people.
After the low level of "limited harmony" under the economic system, as some scholars hope, the historic leap of "towards competition and harmony" has been successfully completed.
Adam Smith, the originator of western economics, has long been a household name in China. He once wrote a monograph "The Wealth of Nations", which is very famous and is a must-read for economics. As early as more than a century ago, Mr. Yan Fu was translated and introduced to China, which had a far-reaching impact on the economic circles in China. In fact, his other work, The Theory of Moral Sentiments, as his masterpiece in ethics, was not under The Wealth of Nations, but it did not attract people's attention at that time. In China, it was not until 1998 that there was a simplified Chinese translation of The Theory of Moral Sentiments.
Many mainstream economists always pay attention to how to make people rich, but becoming rich can't solve all the problems in society. It is said that Adam Smith was confused when he wrote The Wealth of Nations, so when he was teaching people to get rich quickly, he began to write The Theory of Moral Sentiments, trying to correct the conscience of the rich with the power of morality. But in the following hundreds of years, the rich world did not eliminate poverty, and even brought a series of problems such as environmental pollution and official corruption. One view in The Theory of Moral Sentiments is that if the wealth of a society is not enjoyed by the whole society, then the society will be unstable. When we talk about the connotation of a harmonious society today, we should learn something from it.
In the competitive era of wealth creation, the key to the survival and development of enterprises depends not only on the management experience and ability of entrepreneurs, but also on corporate culture, and the core of corporate culture is the values of entrepreneurs. There are two reports that can reflect the current situation and characteristics of China entrepreneurs' value orientation from one side.
First of all, in 2004, the State Council Development Research Center China Entrepreneur Survey System organized a special survey on the value orientation of business operators in China. The survey results show that in general value orientation, most entrepreneurs pay more attention to character, emphasizing the value of people's spiritual pursuit, conscience, helping others and safeguarding public interests; Emphasize social interests and attach importance to environmental protection; Hope to strengthen the rule of law and advocate operating according to law; Have a strong pursuit of work achievement, pay attention to success through strength, and get happiness and satisfaction in the process of work; Most entrepreneurs don't pay much attention to money and power, and hope to live a relatively rich life.
In the value orientation of career goals, entrepreneurs first choose to improve the competitiveness of enterprises, and at the same time hope to get social recognition and realize their ideals in life; In the value orientation of life goals, it emphasizes career first, pays attention to personal health and pays more attention to family life.
In the value orientation of enterprise management and development, entrepreneurs pay attention to the interests of investors and emphasize law-abiding management; It is believed that enterprise values have a great influence on enterprise development, and it is emphasized that enterprises must have clear values and values should be recognized by employees. Tend to look at the achievements of enterprises not only from short-term success,
Take advanced technology, products and marketing capabilities as important factors for the success of enterprises.
In terms of the value orientation of the role of entrepreneurs, most entrepreneurs love their careers very much, and think that honesty, law-abiding and innovation are the most important excellent qualities of entrepreneurs, and the behaviors they dislike the most are dishonesty, illegal operation, greed, arrogance and selfishness.
Although the values of entrepreneurs vary in different degrees due to gender, age, education, region and economic type, on the whole, the value orientation of Chinese entrepreneurs is positive.
Secondly, the survey of private enterprises organized by the United Front Work Department of the Central Committee, the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce and the China Private Economy Research Association in 2005 shows that private entrepreneurs are part of "getting rich first" in terms of material wealth. But as a class, they kept a relatively low profile as a whole. This survey found that "doing business in business, doing business well" is a highly concentrated desire of private entrepreneurs. They all regard running a good enterprise as the foundation of their survival. In the second place is "establishing a good personal and corporate image in daily life and being a social sage", and in the third place is "living in harmony with other members of society", accounting for more than 3/5, far exceeding other demands with political content.
As a class that gets rich first, the main way for private entrepreneurs to repay the society is to donate public welfare undertakings. 63.6% of private entrepreneurs have made donations, and the amount of donations varies greatly, with a median of 5,000 yuan. Different capital scales, different political characteristics and different cultures.
The degree and quantity of donations from business owners of different ages are also different. The larger the capital scale, the greater the donation of business owners.
Among the enterprises surveyed, 44% of the owners participated in the "glorious cause", and the most ways of participation were "donation" and "public welfare undertakings such as repairing bridges and paving roads". The larger the scale, the higher the proportion of enterprises participating in the "glorious cause"; The enterprise participation rate of 1 100 million yuan is 82%, that of1100 million yuan is 76%, that of1100 million yuan is 64%, and that of enterprises below1100 million yuan is only 40%.
Glorious undertaking is a social poverty alleviation undertaking initiated and implemented by private entrepreneurs in response to the national poverty alleviation plan during the Eighth Seven-Year Plan. Since 1994, with the care and support of the party and the government, the glorious cause has been participated by private entrepreneurs including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan people, overseas Chinese and businessmen. Based on the principle of voluntary participation, acting according to one's ability, mutual benefit, and giving consideration to both justice and interests, we are oriented to poverty-stricken areas and central and western regions, focusing on project investment, resource development, enterprise establishment, personnel training, and trade development. According to the latest statistics, there are currently 1 1849 glorious career projects implemented nationwide, with entrepreneurs1649. All kinds of donations totaled 9.688 billion yuan.
/kloc-in the past 0/0 years, the awareness of honest labor and legal operation has been further enhanced by the participation of private entrepreneurs in glorious undertakings. It has realized the sense of mission of * * * to get rich, enhanced the consciousness of repaying the society and serving the masses, shaped a good social image, realized a positive pursuit of life, and formed a brilliant career spirit of "thinking about the source of wealth, advancing with wealth, helping the poor, giving consideration to justice and interests, paying equal attention to morality, developing enterprises and giving back to society".
The practice of China's brilliant career is the great practice of getting rich first and realizing common prosperity. This practice fully embodies the organic combination of China traditional culture and modern market economy, and creates positive and practical social beliefs in economic activities. From the concept of "mutual love and mutual benefit" to the concept of combining righteousness with benefit and paying equal attention to virtue, the glorious cause places equal importance on caring for people, helping vulnerable groups and pursuing corporate profits. It not only provides the new entrepreneurs in China with development belief and moral external force, but also is a harmonious agent besides the fierce competition in the market economy. It can be said that it is the value orientation pursued by private enterprises and entrepreneurs in China in the historical leap to competition and harmony. This value orientation will inject new vitality into building a harmonious society and building a well-off society in an all-round way.