1. Case study is a method of in-depth and specific research on a single research object. The object of a case study can be an individual, a group or an institution. Case study is a research method that extensively collects case data, deeply understands the current situation and development process of the case, conducts in-depth and detailed comprehensive research and analysis on the typical characteristics of a single research object, determines the crux of the problem, and then puts forward rectification suggestions. That is, the case method, case study method and case study method are commonly referred to.
2. Typical cases and universality of problems. The purpose of case study is to explain and criticize the causes of the problem, so as to adopt effective strategies to solve the problem. Its research object is the educational research object with outstanding problems compared with peers, and the research object has a specific scope and unique scenes. Although the research objects of case studies are individuals, they are not isolated, so the study of these individual objects will inevitably reflect some characteristics and laws of other individuals and the whole to some extent. The purpose of case study is to understand and grasp the specific situation of an individual, but it is also necessary to reveal the universality of the problem through individual cases.
3. Descriptive results and traceability of the process. The research result of case study is a rich and extremely detailed description of the research object. By telling the story in the research and describing the "real object" in the research process vividly and carefully, readers can better understand the samples in the research. Case study can study the present, past and future development of a case. Because the object of case study is concentrated, there is enough time to comprehensively, deeply and systematically analyze and study as many variables as possible in the research object and its interaction in a long period of time, so case study often has the nature of tracking.
4. The naturalness of the situation and the flexibility of interaction. You can conduct case studies at any time, that is, you can conduct in-depth research on the research object at any time. Case studies are generally conducted in natural situations without changing external factors. Researchers focus on watching or participating in the process without adding any external influence, and have a low degree of control over the research object, focusing on the performance in the natural state. Researchers participate in individual cases, observe from the standpoint of subjects, explore their perception process of events, and interact with them with words and concepts.
5. There are various methods. There are various methods to collect case study data. In order to collect more case data and grasp the development and changes of the research object from multiple angles, it is necessary to combine the methods of investigation and education, questionnaire survey, interview survey, educational experiment, educational psychological measurement, physical analysis, document arrangement and archival records, and integrate various research methods such as action research and narrative research.