Long before the Sui Dynasty, The Art of War was regarded as a military classic. Since the Song Dynasty, it has been listed as the first of the Five Classics. According to legend, China's art of war began in the Yellow Emperor, was written in Taigong, and flourished in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. According to research, there are 3,380 kinds of military books recorded in history books, of which 2,308 kinds have been preserved so far. It is really vast, full of sweat and countless canyons. Sun Tzu's Art of War, which has the longest circulation, the widest scope and the greatest influence, is the most famous.
/9d 82d 158 ccbf 6 c 8 109 140 f 20 b 73 EB 13532 fa 40d 2？ X-BCE-process = image/resize, m _ lfit, w _ 450, h _ 600, limit _ 1/quality, q _ 85 The Art of War is a military encyclopedia, which includes strategy, Science of Tactics, military geography, military logistics, military training and military control. Throughout the ages, readers never tire of reading it and are deeply inspired. Military strategists in the Li Dynasty regarded Sun Tzu's Art of War as the source of wisdom and the magic weapon to win. "Old name, use it to win. If it is violated, it will be defeated, which is called the book of war. " -the grandson of a hundred schools of thought contend series.
Philosopher's comments:
Sun Tzu's Art of War was widely known and influential shortly after it came out at the end of the Spring and Autumn Period, and was commented by various philosophers. During the Warring States period, I saw the following in the text:
Bai Gui said: "I am in charge of production, which is better than the plan of Yi Yin and Lu Shang. It is also true that Sun Wu used soldiers and acted in an saddle. "
"Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" said: "How to teach Guan. Sun and Wu can't do this. "
Wei Liaozi praised: "Who raised 70,000 people, ranking first in the world? Yue: Wu; There are 30 thousand people in the world who are the most powerful: Sun Wuye. "
Xunzi said in "On Soldiers": "Those who are more expensive than soldiers are snobbish and bullied by soldiers. People who are good at fighting feel very confused and don't know why they want to come out. Sun and Wu are invincible in the world. "
Han Feizi said in Five Silliness: "There are all soldiers in the territory today, and those who hide Sun Wushu have them."
Su Qin said to King Zhimin, "I heard that those who attack and fight are not teachers. Although there are millions of troops, they are in the North Hall. Although there are generals from He Lv and Wu Qi, they are all in Biru. " Strategy is more important than military strength.
"Soul Pivot in Huangdi's Internal Classic" quoted Gao Bo as saying: "The Art of War: everything is without gas. There is no Chen Hao. " This etymology should be the sentence in Sun Tzu's Art of War: "If you don't invite the flag of the son of heaven, you won't blow away Chen." (avoid the enemy's sharp sword)
Cao Cao commented:
Cao Cao, who read Sun Tzu's Art of War, especially appreciated Sun Tzu's Art of War. There are both general comments and chapter comments. "I have seen many strategies in the art of war, and Sun Wu's works are very profound. The audit is heavy and the painting is deep, so you can't lie to each other. " Cao Cao thinks Sun Tzu's Art of War is the most profound military work. The detailed audit plan, careful thinking, wise strategy and far-reaching consideration in the book all tell us that this is a classic that cannot be denigrated.
Cao Cao not only made a general comment on it, but also commented on the main points of each chapter.
The commentary of Ji Pian said: "Those who plan, choose generals, measure the enemy, measure the land, look forward to the pawn, be far away, be dangerous and easy are also counted in the temple." A good counselor can help to choose the right generals, estimate the enemy's situation, analyze the geographical conditions of all parties, handle the chores of foot soldiers, and give advice to the master in court. )
The "Battle Chapter" commented: "It is also a chapter that counts the number of battles before repairing combat equipment." Decisions are more important than weapons and tools. )
The annotation of "Attack by Plotting" says: "If you want to attack the enemy, you must first plot."
The commentary of "Shi Pian" said: "When using troops, we should guide them according to the situation."
Zhuge Liang's comments
Zhuge Liang's book The Art of War is included in Zhuge Liang's anthology. Throughout its contents, The Art of War has been quoted and copied.
"The Art of War" puts forward five conditions for generals: "A general is wise, trustworthy, benevolent, brave and strict." Zhuge Liang put forward nine standards of "benevolence, righteousness, courtesy, wisdom, faithfulness, stride, riding, boldness and greatness".
"The Art of War" pointed out: "Being a soldier for the country is also a major event." "Sun Tzu's Art of War and Fire Attack" also said: "If you don't move, you will have it, and you will not fight unless you are in danger. The Lord can't be angry and can't fight. Use it for profit, not for good. Anger is gratifying, anger is gratifying; National subjugation cannot be restored, and the dead cannot be resurrected. So it is wise to be cautious, and a good general will warn you. This is also the way of security for the country and the whole army. " Zhuge Liang's "Thirty-six Strategies for Running the Army Cheap" said: "Therefore, we have to use the weapon of war. When a husband uses weapons, he must plan first and then do it. "
"The Art of War" said: "Soldiers are cunning. Therefore, you can show that you can't do it, use it but don't show it, show it far away, show it far away, lure it with interests, take it from chaos, be prepared, avoid it, be angry and scratch it, be humble but not arrogant, work hard and leave it to your parents. The attack was unprepared and unexpected. "
Zhuge Liang's "Commanding General Garden" said: "Strong and tolerant, profitable and tempting, chaotic and taking, humble and arrogant, near and away, strong and weak."
Besides, there are many places in The Art of War that are important sources of Zhuge Liang's military strategic thoughts. I won't list them all here.
Zhuge Liang once said in "your legend": "A husband will be a husband, and there will be rewards and punishments, but people must not violate his orders, such as Sun Wu and Mao." If the general can use laws and regulations as the basis for rewards and punishments when leading troops, as Sun Wu and Mao did, his subordinates will not dare to disobey the general's orders. )
Although Zhuge Liang didn't express himself directly, we can see his admiration for Sun Tzu and Sun Tzu's Art of War from his works and speeches.
Li Shimin review
Li Shimin was familiar with Sun Tzu's Art of War, and once praised Sun Tzu's Art of War and said, "Without Sun Wu, I couldn't finish reading all the art books." Li Shimin's and Li Jing's quotations about the art of war have been compiled by later generations into a book "Questions between Emperor Taizong and Li Weiguo", which shows the respect and development of Sun Wu in many places.
When Taizong demonstrated the truth, the subject and the object, and the offensive and defensive, he said, "There is nothing true or false in Sun Wu's thirteen articles. The husband knows the truth with his soldiers and is invincible. " Li Jing said: "The Art of War" contains thousands of sentences, which will not harm others but others.
Excavate this sentence from the "Sun Tzu's Art of War" in "a good fighter, not a man". No wonder some people say that almost all the contents of the art of war in Li Weiguo's examination questions of Emperor Taizong are from Sun Tzu's Art of War.
Yue Feiping
Yue Fei became familiar with the art of war at the age of 10. This played a vital role in his later military achievements.
In the first article of the Art of War, Sun Tzu wrote: "A general is wise, trustworthy, benevolent, brave and strict. It is believed that a general should have five qualities: resourcefulness, loyalty in reward and punishment, kindness to subordinates, determination and courage, and strict military discipline.
The Biography of Yue Fei (Bi Yuan Edition, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty) once published: "Zhang Jun asked about the skill of using soldiers, and flew back: benevolence, faithfulness, wisdom, courage and strictness, which are at odds with each other" (Zhang Jun once asked about the skill of using soldiers, and Yue Fei said: "Benevolence, faithfulness, wisdom, courage and strictness are indispensable). It can be seen that Yue Fei's military thought is closely related to Sun Tzu's Art of War.
Review of Qi Jiguang
Qi Jiguang was a famous anti-Japanese soldier in Ming Dynasty. I have been familiar with the art of war since I was a child, and I have the ambition to serve my country. In the struggle against Japan, he was good at using the "surprise" and "show that it can't be done" in Sun Tzu's Art of War (meaning to be able to fight, pretend not to fight; Pretend not to fight if you want to) "Be in an invincible position first and wait for the enemy to win" (first, you must not be defeated by the enemy, and then seize the opportunity to defeat the enemy).
His works, such as Ji Xiao's new books "Training Record" and "Don Quixote of Zhi Zhi", also have annotations of Sun Tzu's Art of War. He spoke highly of Sun Tzu's Art of War: "East Zhejiang lacks inheritance. I know Sun Wu's methods and procedures are exquisite. The first is to start with a detailed plan, but it is meaningless. Youchan's so-called excellent education. "
It is not only the descendants of our land who admire him, but also the international public opinion has a very high evaluation of Sun Tzu and his hundreds of years of art of war.
/2 fdda 3 cc 7 CD 98d 105 b 102 cf 92 a 3 FB 80 e 7 AEC 9035？ X-BCE-process = image/resize, m _ lfit, w _ 450, h _ 600, limit _ 1/quality, q _ 85 comments by Japanese scholars.
Japan is the country with the earliest, largest and widest evaluation of Sun Tzu abroad. In A.D. 138 1 year, Prince Huailiang, the Japanese general of the Western Expedition, wrote in a letter to Ming Taizu: "There are articles on Confucius and Mencius' morality and Sun Wu's strategic art of war in China (Ming Dynasty). "
Lai (1603- 1867), a scholar in the edo period, thought that Sun Tzu's Art of War was "the pivot of soldiers" and "Confucius, Confucian sage, grandson and soldier sage".
In 1930s, famous Japanese translators Yamada Zhun and Ado Jie Jun commented: "Everything in the world has a certain life span, and then it will die; The great works of art of great men can transcend time. As long as mankind is still alive, Sun Tzu belongs to this great work of art. " Sun Tzu's Art of War will inevitably coexist with it, and it will burst into more and more glory.
Review of British scholars
At the beginning of the 20th century, Carl Thorpe, captain of the Royal Field Artillery, first translated Thirteen Articles. The translated name is Sun Tzu. Since then, the Art of War has been widely circulated in Britain, which has had a considerable impact on British military thought. After World War II, liddell hart (a famous British strategist) wrote in the preface of the new English version of Sun Tzu's Art of War: "After the successful development of nuclear weapons, it is even more necessary to make a more complete translation of Sun Tzu's Art of War again and again." On the title page of On Strategy, he quoted fifteen quotations from Sun Tzu's Art of War (accounting for two-thirds of the quotations), and he evaluated Sun Tzu's thought of "total victory" as the most perfect strategy.
Review of American scholars
The United States thinks highly of Sun Tzu, even surpassing China and Japan in some aspects. The United States Army Military Academy called Sun Tzu's Art of War "the essence of Sun Tzu's Art of War" in its book Military Strategy. Jonathan Pollack, director of the policy research department of the American RAND Corporation, commented that Sun Tzu's Art of War is a veritable military code, and scholars and soldiers can always learn from it. General Gray, the former commander of the US Marine Corps, pointed out in his instructions: "Sun Tzu's operational thinking is as applicable today as it was 2,500 years ago, and it is the basis for carrying out mobile warfare today." The military thought embodied in Sun Tzu's Art of War has had a far-reaching influence in the United States. General scholars regard Sun Tzu's Art of War as a treasure. John collins wrote in Grand Strategy: "Sun Tzu was the first great man who formed strategic thoughts in ancient times. The thirteen articles of Sun Tzu's Art of War can be compared with the works of famous works of past dynasties, including clausewitz (a western soldier saint) after 2000.
/a 686 c 9 177 F3 e 67095523663730 c 79 F3 df 9 DC 55d 2？ X-BCE-process = image/resize, m _ lfit, w _ 450, h _ 600, limit _ 1/quality, q _ 85, with such a noble treasure, future generations must never forget their ancestors by counting the classics. Yue Wumu said: "Don't be idle, wait until you are old and feel sad. You regret that you didn't cherish your time to study and devote yourself to doing things when you were young. It's too late." !