Abstract: Biological pesticides have obvious control effect on pests in clothing industry, and have the advantages of not killing natural enemies, little impact on ecological chain and no pollution. With the government of China attaching importance to the biological pesticide industry, biological pesticides will gradually replace chemical pesticides. This paper analyzes the present situation of domestic bio-pesticide industry, expounds the new production technology of bio-capture drugs, and finally gives the development trend of bio-coating drug industry in China.
Key words: bio-coated drugs, fungal insecticidal spines, fermentation technology
1992 At the World Conference on Environment and Development, China promised that the domestic use of biological pesticides would reach more than 60% of the domestic pesticide market in 2000. Although it has not reached this ratio, it reflects our government's attitude towards biological pesticides. In 2007, the production capacity of more than 300 original drug production enterprises and 1600 pesticide processing enterprises in China has exceeded 770,000 tons, with an annual total output of 4.24 million tons. The chemical control area has reached more than 4 billion mu. The use of hundreds of thousands of tons of chemical pesticides leads to the increase of drug resistance of pests and diseases, pollutes the environment, destroys the ecology, kills natural enemies, and forms a vicious circle, which seriously damages the ecosystem of China. However, biopesticides have attracted worldwide attention because of their compatibility with the environment, not killing natural enemies and having little impact on the ecological chain. At present, there are more than 1 00 kinds of biological pesticide products in the world, among which 100 kinds of biotechnology products are biological pesticides, and more than 90% of them are microbial pesticides, that is, fungicides. Chinese medicine. Because of the obvious advantages in the development of biopesticide products, countries all over the world are scrambling to invest, research and develop new biopesticides.
First, the current situation of biological pesticide industry in China
After years of development, with the macro-control and financial support of national policies, by 200 7, there were more than 30 research institutions, more than 500 R&D personnel and more than 50 registered varieties in China, and there were more than 200 domestic manufacturers producing biological pesticides with an annual output of 60,000 tons, forming a certain industrial scale. Because biological pesticides belong to the high-tech field, their research and production need high investment and high technology. Some enterprises have abundant funds, but their own scientific research strength is insufficient, which leads to poor control effect of biological pesticides, backward production technology and high cost. The scientific research institute has certain technical strength, but it lacks strong financial guarantee to carry out toxicology and environmental behavior experiments. Based on the above two reasons, there are not many varieties of biological pesticides that can be commercialized in China, and even fewer can really develop into industrialized varieties or self-produced varieties. As a direct result, chemical pesticides are still widely used in pest control in China.
Second, the domestic production process of biological pesticides
The traditional bio-pesticide production process in China adopts liquid submerged fermentation process. The main disadvantages of this production process are: low sporulation rate, difficult control of fermentation parameters, easy degradation of strains, insufficient dehydration of products and long production cycle, which is not conducive to the large-scale production of biological pesticides.
At present, the latest production technology is a new technology of "gas phase double dynamic solid state fermentation" jointly developed by Jiangxi Rentian Ecological Industry Co., Ltd., Institute of Process Engineering of China Academy of Sciences and Anhui Key Laboratory of Biological Control of Institute of Microbiology of China Academy of Sciences. The production process has passed the appraisal of the science and technology committee composed of experts such as the State Forestry Administration and Tsinghua University from the Institute of Microbiology of China Academy of Sciences. Members of the appraisal committee believe that the technology and equipment have filled the domestic gap and are at the international leading level.
In the production process, the cotton-linen mixed nonwoven fabric is used as the carrier of solid culture. Inoculating bacterial liquid, entering the gas-phase double-dynamic solid fermentation culture room for 7-9 days, producing a large number of spores, drying coal, and packaging the finished product after inspection. The variation and degradation law induced by culture medium, temperature, humidity, light and other factors were determined for the first time in the production process, the loss of strain degradation in production was evaluated, and the control ways and management measures of strain degradation were put forward, which was the first time in the application history of fungal pesticides all over the world, and laid the foundation for guiding the large-scale production of fungal pesticides. The process can also screen excellent strains that have not been degraded for 20 generations in a row and verify the genetic mechanism of variation. This process mainly absorbs the advantages of carrier production and flat production, further optimizes the process parameters and develops into a carrier sterilization two-phase fermentation process. For the first time, advanced theory and equipment were used to produce fungal pesticides on a large scale, which fundamentally solved the disadvantages of difficult control of fermentation parameters and unstable product quality in conventional open production of fungi. A new solid-state fermentation process of fungal pesticides was established, and the bacterial pollution rate was reduced to below 0. 1%. Compared with conventional solid-state fermentation, the fermentation level is increased by 1 ~ 2 times, the period is shortened by 5 1.5% and the cost is reduced by 2 1.35%. The stability of product quality is obviously improved than before.
Third, the development trend and enterprise countermeasures
With the continuous strengthening and guidance of national macro-control, the increase of supporting policies, the investment of funds, the improvement of laws and regulations on pesticides and agricultural products, the research of applied technology and the strengthening of substantive alliance in Industry-University-Research, the competition in the domestic bio-pesticide market will become more intense. It is predicted that by 20 1 0, the world demand for microbial pesticides will exceed 4 million tons/year and the domestic demand will be 800,000 tons/year. Domestic pesticide enterprises should pay enough attention to the bio-pesticide industry, adjust and optimize the product structure, focus on bio-pesticide products, strengthen cooperation with scientific research institutes, increase the investment in technical strength of enterprises, and vigorously develop new processes and products with independent intellectual property rights.
1 Enterprises should actively follow the world's advanced technology, constantly promote technological progress, reduce costs, establish an efficient sales system, form their own core competitiveness in terms of quality, price and service, and reach the first-class level in technology, research and development, management and production efficiency.
2. Accelerate the transformation and application of R&D technology, grasp the real demand of the market, and quickly put marketable new technology products on the market, so as to make the company develop faster. Constantly use innovative technologies and innovative products to meet the ever-changing market demand. Establish and improve the introduction, use and salary system of enterprise talents, especially pay attention to the cultivation of R&D team and the construction of enterprise scientific and technological ability.
Formulate strict and effective preventive measures before and after each link, establish a sound enterprise risk management process and early warning mechanism, and transfer, reduce or resolve risks in a timely and effective manner.
To sum up, with the deepening of China's market economy system and the continuous improvement of laws and regulations on pesticides and agricultural products, China's pesticide enterprises will face more intense international competition. Only by formulating and implementing correct development strategies and objectives, adjusting product structure in time, optimizing resource allocation, promoting product innovation and improving market competitiveness can pesticide enterprises take the initiative in the future pesticide market competition and achieve rapid development.
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