1. Environmental factors The environment refers to the sum of various natural and social factors that surround human space and directly or indirectly affect human life. Therefore, humanistic environment includes natural environment and social environment.
(1) The natural environment, also known as the material environment, refers to the objective material world around human beings, such as water, air, soil and other organisms. The natural environment is a necessary condition for human survival. In the natural environment, the main factors affecting human health are biological factors, physical factors and chemical factors.
Biological factors in the natural environment include animals, plants and microorganisms. Some animals, plants and microorganisms provide the necessary guarantee for human survival, but others affect or even endanger human health in a direct or indirect way.
Physical factors in the natural environment include airflow, air temperature, air pressure, noise, ionizing radiation and electromagnetic radiation. Under natural conditions, physical factors are generally harmless to human body, but when the intensity, dose and time of some physical factors exceed a certain limit, it will cause harm to human health.
Chemical factors in the natural environment include natural inorganic chemicals, synthetic chemicals and chemical elements in animals and microorganisms. Some chemical elements are necessary to ensure normal human activities and health; Some chemical elements and substances are harmless to human body under normal contact and use, but when their concentration, dosage and contact time exceed a certain limit, they will cause serious harm to human body.
(2) Social environment, also known as immaterial environment, refers to the relations of production, class and society formed by human beings in their production, life and social communication activities. In the social environment, there are many factors related to human health, such as social system, economic situation, population situation, cultural and educational level, etc. However, the two factors that have the greatest impact on human health are behavior and lifestyle factors and medical and health service factors.
Behavior is an external activity under the influence of human subjective factors, while lifestyle refers to a series of life consciousness and habits formed by people under the influence of long-term national customs, norms and families. With the development of society, the change of people's health concept and the change of human disease spectrum, the influence of human behavior and lifestyle on health has attracted more and more attention. Reasonable and healthy behaviors and lifestyles will promote and maintain human health, while bad behaviors and lifestyles will seriously threaten human health. Especially in China, bad behaviors and lifestyles have more and more serious effects on people's health. Smoking, alcoholism, drug abuse, indulgence, gambling, drug abuse and other bad behaviors and lifestyles have led to a series of physical and mental diseases.
Medical and health services refer to all kinds of medical and health activities to promote and maintain human health. It includes not only the diagnosis and treatment services provided by medical institutions, but also various preventive health care services provided by medical and health institutions. The possession, distribution and utilization of medical and health service resources in a country will have an important impact on the health status of its people.
2. Biological genetic factors Biological genetic factors refer to the genetic, mature, aging and internal composite factors formed by human beings in the long-term biological evolution process. Biological genetic factors directly affect human health and have a decisive influence on the occurrence, development and distribution of many human diseases.
The day after tomorrow mainly refers to exercise and so on.