Talking about the characteristics of slope is mainly to study the deformation, failure and stability analysis of slope. Compared with the local failure and overall failure of soil slope, the deformation of rock slope means that only local displacement or failure occurs, and there is no obvious slip or rolling, which will not cause overall instability. The failure of rock slope is a phenomenon that rock mass is displaced at a certain speed (such as overall sliding, rolling and dumping).
1. The basic forms of rock slope failure can be summarized as looseness, relaxation, creep, spalling, collapse and landslide.
2. The main factors affecting the stability of rock slope are rock mass type, geological structure, rock mass structure (sometimes decisive), hydrological conditions, weathering and human activities.
(1) Rock mass type: The stability of rock slope is obviously related to the rock type that constitutes the slope. Generally speaking, magmatic rocks are stronger than sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks transformed from sedimentary rocks are stronger than original rocks, single rocks are more stable than complex rocks, and the particles are fine and coarse, and blocky ones are more stable.
(2) Geological structure: In areas with complex regional geological structure, strong folds, large fault zones and active neotectonic movements such as earthquakes, the slope stability is poor.
(3) Influence of rock mass structure: The influence of rock mass structure on stability is sometimes decisive. When the occurrence of rock strata is consistent with the slope, the bedding plane in sedimentary rocks and metamorphic rocks often becomes the sliding surface of rock slope failure.
(4) Influence of water: firstly, softening and erosion, and secondly, erosion and erosion of slope.
(5) Weathering: reducing the strength of rock mass and slope stability;
(6) Human activities: Inappropriate excavation, vegetation destruction, and artificially changing the dynamic conditions of the surface or groundwater may cause slope damage.
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