Text to start the report
First, the source of the subject and the purpose and significance of the study
This topic is self-drawn. The Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee adopted the Proposal of the Central Committee on Formulating the Eleventh Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development, pointing out that solving the problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers is the top priority of the whole party's work, and clearly putting forward the scientific decision that "building a new socialist countryside is a major historical task in China's modernization process". This is a major decision-making arrangement of the central government on the issue of agriculture, rural areas and farmers in the new century and new stage, which fully reflects the central government's great attention to the work of agriculture, rural areas and farmers.
"Development of production, affluent life, civilized rural customs, clean village appearance and democratic management" are the general requirements for building a new socialist countryside. Building a new socialist countryside is a systematic project. How to change customs, get rid of bad habits and promote civilized rural customs is an important topic to be discussed in the construction of new socialist countryside. The so-called bad habits are vulgar and uncivilized habits or customs formed by people in the long-term production and life process. These bad habits have affected people's production and life, restricted the development of society, and some even brought certain harm to people's production and life. The research purpose of this topic is to explore how to effectively solve rural bad habits, improve farmers' ideological and moral quality and scientific and cultural quality, improve rural cultural infrastructure construction, change farmers' lifestyle, and make rural spiritual civilization construction achieve a qualitative leap. The research of this topic will provide valuable reference methods for the realization of rural civilization and clean village capacity in the construction of new countryside, and provide reliable solutions for the construction of rural spiritual civilization and the harmonious coexistence of farmers and the environment.
Second, the research status and analysis of the problems involved in this topic at home and abroad.
(A) the research status of rural bad habits
China's rural areas are widely distributed, and researchers study rural bad habits on the basis of specific investigations. Although they have done research at different times and places, they have different references to rural bad habits, some are called rural bad habits, some are called rural abnormal cultural consumption and so on. But their research objects and topics are the same, and the bad habits in rural areas in all provinces are basically the same. It can be seen from the researchers' articles that they study rural bad habits from three aspects, namely, the manifestations of rural bad habits, the causes of rural bad habits and the solutions.
1. Forms of rural bad habits.
In Obstacles to New Rural Construction (Western Development, 65438+February, 2006), scholars divide rural bad habits into gambling, feudal superstition, weddings, funerals, marriages with yin, etc. The harm of these bad habits is described to us in detail with four real examples.
In The Sorrow of Rural Cultural Consumption (Friends of Leaders, No.2, 2005), scholar Jia introduced the following rural bad habits with reference to rural cultural consumption: First, blind comparison in marriage, extravagance; Second, the funeral is extravagant, and feudal habits are on the rise again; Third, there are many human consumption patterns, so borrowing money and giving gifts makes people worry; Fourth, feudal superstitions have resurfaced, and witch gods are popular; Fifth, gambling bad habits are beginning to appear, and illegal activities are gradually becoming large; Sixth, the consumption content is vulgar and the advanced cultural market is hard to find. Through concrete examples and descriptions of these bad habits, he realized that we saw the sadness of rural consumption.
Scholars Xu and Xu Xinlin introduced in Bad Habits and Countermeasures in Rural Henan (Learning Forum, No.4, 2000) that they summarized the bad habits in rural areas into the following categories through in-depth investigation in Henan, a major agricultural province: First, the phenomenon of "son preference" still exists; Second, early marriage and early childbearing, and the wind of marriage is getting worse; Third, the funeral is heavy, and the traditional bad habits of thousands of years are still fragrant; Fourth, feudal superstitious activities are rampant. And under each big bad habit, it is divided into several small items, which introduces us to the common bad habits in Henan comprehensively and concretely.
Reporter Xu Shaolin introduced the bad habits in Shandong rural areas in Scanning Bad Habits in Rural Areas (No.8, 2003, Rural Viewpoint). He pointed out that the bad habits in rural areas in Shandong are mainly concentrated in two aspects: environment and diet. The environmental aspect means that the poultry and livestock in the farm are free-range, so chicken plague, rabies, bulls and other things that cause harm to people will happen every year. The most terrible thing is that pigs go to the toilet to eat shit and garbage. The meat quality of pigs is very poor, and there are many rice pigs. The accumulation of firewood in streets and lanes not only affects traffic but also often causes fires. Diet refers to farmers' living habits such as staying outside and squatting when eating, which are not conducive to digestion and drinking raw water.
Scholar Chen Xu pointed out in Bad Habits Affecting Farmers' Life (Fujian Agriculture, No.5, 2006) that there are the following bad habits in rural areas: First, people live with livestock and poultry; Second, the toilet map is close; Third, the utensils for eating are common; Fourth, the footbath washbasin is mixed; The fifth is not to avoid infectious diseases. These are bad habits in farmers' lifestyle.
Based on the introduction of rural bad habits by the above scholars, the author thinks that the manifestations of rural bad habits can be divided into spiritual culture and daily life. Among them, the spiritual and cultural aspects include feudal superstitious activities, extravagance and waste in weddings, gambling, personal gifts, etc. Daily life includes human and animal living together, not paying attention to hygiene, littering firewood, drinking raw water and so on.
2. Reasons for the formation of bad habits in rural areas.
Lei Zhen, a scholar, thinks in The Obstacle of Bad Habits to the Construction of New Countryside (Western Development, 65438+February 2006) that the most important reason for these discordant voices in the construction of new countryside is the extreme lack of farmers' spiritual and cultural life, and the main reason for the lack of spiritual food in rural areas is, in the final analysis, the low education level of farmers in China. He confirmed the correctness of his above viewpoint through a set of data.
Scholar and Pan pointed out in the Debate on Traditional Bad Habits and Countermeasures in Rural Areas (Learning Forum, No.2, 1999) that there are mainly the following reasons for the prevalence of superstitious activities in rural areas: First, the influence of cultural background; Second, the impact of unclear policy boundaries; Third, the influence of unhealthy tendencies and work mistakes within the party.
Scholar Xu made a detailed analysis of the reasons for the formation of bad atmosphere in rural areas in the Analysis of the Causes of the Overflow of Bad Atmosphere in Rural Areas at the Present Stage (Socialist Studies,No. 1 2002), and made a detailed analysis of each specific bad atmosphere. His analysis is as follows:
(1) Realistic roots
The realistic reasons for son preference are: first, the decisive role of production mode; Second, it is determined by the family's pension function; Third, boys are the guardians of the family.
The realistic reasons for early marriage are: first, the influence of the concept of big family; Second, agricultural labor depends on human influence; Third, the publicity and implementation of the marriage law is not effective.
The realistic reasons for weddings and funerals: First, in the eyes of some farmers, "prostitutes are goods at a loss" and "married daughters-spilled water". It can be seen that the essence of asking for bride price is "not losing money", a circular economy relationship; Secondly, the development of rural economy and the improvement of farmers' living standards provide a material basis for the spread of the custom of asking for bride price; Third, marriage is not out of the emotional will of the parties but arranged marriage, so we must pay more attention to the bride price; Fourth, bad social consciousness also plays an important role; Fifth, the vanity of rural youth and families to compare with each other is at work.
The reasons for the big banquet for weddings and funerals are: First, ostentation and extravagance, to satisfy vanity. It seems that the more banquets, the better the popularity of the parties; Second, recycle the gift money. With the development of rural economy and the improvement of social living standards, farmers pay more and more attention to etiquette and communication. Therefore, if a family has a wedding, relatives and friends will chip in to give gifts, and even if the host borrows it, western families will chip in to give them money. Not giving gifts is shabby, and second, it shows that the relationship is alienated, so they compare with each other, which makes the gift-giving wind more and more fierce, and the human consumption gradually escalates, which increases the burden on farmers.
The realistic reasons for the spread of gambling are: first, abundant time, poor spiritual life and certain financial resources provide conditions for the breeding and spread of gambling in rural areas; Second, the multiple recognition of gambling in society has contributed to the spread of gambling; Third, the family's "tolerance" for gambling has contributed to the spread of gambling.
The realistic reasons for the flood of feudal superstitions are as follows: first, the small-scale peasant economy is a benign soil for the survival of feudal superstitions; Second, the low scientific and cultural quality is an obstacle for farmers to accept new things and break the fetters of old customs; Thirdly, the development and impact of market economy induced the spread of rural feudal superstition.
(2) The influence of "a soft hand" in the rural spiritual civilization construction.
(3) misleading propaganda and public opinion
(4) "misunderstanding" in ideological understanding
(5) Participation of party member cadres.
(6) Demonstration effect of urban bad habits on rural areas.
To sum up, the author believes that the reasons for the formation of bad habits in rural areas are: first, the lack of spiritual and cultural life of farmers; Second, decadent and backward feudal ideas have a far-reaching impact on rural areas in China; Third, the overall education level of farmers is low; Fourthly, the influence of "a soft hand" in rural spiritual civilization construction; Fifth, the misleading of propaganda and public opinion; The sixth is the "misunderstanding" in ideological understanding.
3. Solutions to rural bad habits.
Lei Zhen, a scholar, thinks that bad habits and abnormal consumption ideas in rural areas have been formed for a long time in "Bad habits hinder the construction of new countryside" (Western Development, 65438+February 2006). Now we need to change customs and build a real new socialist countryside, relying on everyone's strength and the long-term cooperation of the whole society in Qi Xin. In his view, in order to completely improve the overall appearance of the countryside, we must start with the following points: first, we must first develop the rural economy; The second is to cultivate new farmers; Third, it is necessary to organize farmers to study the "Outline for the Implementation of Citizen Morality" and organize publicity and education activities to change customs and concepts; Fourth, resolutely crack down on and punish gambling, cheating with feudal superstitions, seriously corrupting the social atmosphere and doing great harm, and deal with party member's participation more severely.
Scholar Jia believes in The Sorrow of Rural Cultural Consumption (Friends of Leaders, No.2, 2005) that it is a systematic project to curb and eradicate abnormal cultural consumption in rural areas, which is more difficult than grasping the economy and making farmers materially rich to some extent. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary for all levels and departments to attach importance to ideological understanding and earnestly strengthen rural cultural construction; Secondly, it is necessary to widely publicize scientific ideas, scientific knowledge and healthy and progressive advanced culture, so that farmers can be baptized and edified spiritually and ideologically, so as to consciously replace and resist decadent and backward cultural consumption with healthy and civilized cultural consumption. Third, comprehensive management should be carried out, and effective measures should be taken to set up rural red and white councils, set up rural cultural stations, organize cultural films to go to the countryside, and enliven rural cultural life. Finally, law enforcement departments should increase the crackdown and education on illegal activities such as gambling that disrupt the cultural consumption market.
Scholar Xu put forward the following countermeasures in "Research on Countermeasures of Bad Habits in Rural Areas at the Present Stage" (Henan Social Sciences, May 2003): First, improve the whole society's understanding of the harmfulness of bad habits in rural areas at the present stage; Second, vigorously develop rural productive forces; Third, strengthen the construction of spiritual civilization in rural areas; Fourth, the establishment of rural weddings and funerals Council; Fifth, unremittingly carry out atheism propaganda and education for farmers; Sixth, strengthen popular science work and improve farmers' ability to identify and resist feudal superstitions; Seventh, rectify the cultural market and strengthen the management of the publishing industry; Eighth, strengthen the construction of rural grassroots party organizations; Nine is to strengthen the research and publicity of folk customs.
To sum up, the author thinks that the measures to solve the bad habits in rural areas are as follows: first, increase the construction of rural cultural infrastructure; The second is to cultivate new farmers with culture and technology; Third, accelerate rural education, including rural compulsory education and farmers' quality education; Fourth, increase the propaganda of advanced culture;
Sixth, strengthen the crackdown and education on gambling, cheating with feudal superstitions and seriously undermining social atmosphere.
(B) the relationship between rural bad habits and the construction of a new socialist countryside
Many scholars have done some research on the relationship between rural bad habits and new rural construction.
Tian Hui, a scholar, pointed out in On the Problems and Countermeasures of Cultural Construction in New Countryside (Party newspaper of Chongqing Vocational and Technical College, May 2007) that promoting cultural construction in new countryside is the key to building a new socialist countryside. Among the five goals of new rural construction, the "rural civilization" which embodies rural cultural construction is the key to the construction of new socialist countryside. Only by strengthening rural cultural construction can we improve farmers' scientific and cultural quality, provide internal motivation for realizing the goal of building material civilization in new countryside, and enhance farmers' subjectivity and initiative, so as to better participate in the process of rural democratic autonomy and realize the goal of building democratic political civilization in new socialist countryside. However, among many factors that affect the process of cultural construction in the new countryside, there are rural bad habits. The author uses monotonous rural cultural life and expanding negative cultural influence to illustrate the influence of rural bad habits on the cultural construction of new countryside. The negative culture mentioned by the author refers to gambling, feudal superstitious activities and lavish weddings and funerals, all of which are manifestations of bad habits in rural areas.
Scholar Jiang Yonghui pointed out in Rational Thinking of Rural Cultural Construction [Journal of Hunan Administration College (bimonthly, No.4, 2005] that there are some problems in rural areas, especially some backward and isolated rural areas, which seriously hinder the development of rural economy and the improvement of farmers' quality. Among them, the third point is the prevalence of feudal superstition and the lack of scientific spirit The fourth point is the revival of stereotypes and bad habits, modern civilization is hard to find, and clearly points out the influence of rural bad habits on the cultural construction of new countryside.
There is no doubt that the bad habits in rural areas restrict the healthy development of new rural construction, especially the influence on the cultural construction of new rural areas. The goal of new rural construction is "production development, affluent life, rural civilization, clean village appearance and democratic management", in which rural civilization is the soul of building a new socialist countryside. Rural civilization refers to establishing a new trend of scientific civilization in rural areas by strengthening rural cultural construction and moral propaganda, advocating civilized science, forming a new atmosphere of rural civilization and improving farmers' ideological, moral and cultural level; Cleanliness of village is the foundation of building a new socialist countryside. The neatness of the village is an inevitable requirement for the implementation of Scientific Outlook on Development and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature. The basic goal of building a new socialist countryside is to achieve a clean and tidy village, that is, to fundamentally improve the rural ecological environment and farmers' living environment through measures such as purification, greening and beautification, and the bad habits in rural areas have seriously hindered the realization of these two goals. Therefore, to achieve the beautiful goal of the new countryside, we must thoroughly solve the bad habits in the countryside.
Three, put forward the task requirements and the feasibility analysis of achieving the expected goals.
The research of this topic requires me to complete the task within the specified time. The content of the thesis should be substantial and convincing, which has certain reference value for solving practical problems. The language expression should be fluent, and the number of words should meet the requirements of undergraduate graduation thesis stipulated by the school. At the same time, we should actively communicate with the tutor and successfully complete the writing of the thesis under the guidance of the tutor.
During my college years, I learned some related management knowledge, such as public policy, management psychology, management, sociology and social investigation, public relations, etc., and initially mastered some methods to analyze and solve problems. I can make a preliminary cognitive analysis of this problem with my professional theoretical knowledge. In addition, through books, newspapers, magazines and the Internet, we can learn about new ways to solve bad habits in rural areas and new measures to build a new countryside. Finally, my tutor's profound knowledge, rich experience and rigorous academic attitude have all helped me a lot. The above factors provide the necessary conditions for the smooth completion of the project, so the author believes that the feasibility analysis of completing the task requirements and the expected goals of the project is completely achievable.
Fourth, the key problems and solutions that need to be studied in this topic.
The core issue of this topic is how to solve rural bad habits, realize the construction of spiritual civilization in the new countryside and the harmonious coexistence between farmers and the environment. The author has read a lot of articles and books about rural bad habits and new rural construction, and systematically analyzed and sorted out the collected relevant materials. The solution to this topic is as follows:
First of all, scan the existing forms of bad habits in rural areas, and only by knowing what bad habits there are can we study them in a targeted manner.
Secondly, it analyzes the reasons for the formation of bad habits in rural areas. Only by understanding the causes of the formation of bad habits in rural areas can we prescribe the right medicine, analyze specific problems and find solutions.
Third, through the research on the achievements of some pilot projects that have been implemented and some places (such as Huaxi Village and Nanjie Village). ), find out some experiences that can be promoted throughout the country.
Refine a method worth learning.
Finally, by learning from the experience of some developed countries in solving rural and peasant problems, and according to the specific national conditions of China, we can find a suitable way to solve rural bad habits.
Five, the necessary working conditions (such as reference books, experimental equipment or experimental environment conditions, certain market research, computer aided design conditions, etc ... ) and solutions.
(a) Library-related literature
The related books in the library's liberal arts stacks and the reference room of political science and law colleges, as well as the relevant literature materials in the library's current and back issue rooms, can provide me with a lot of reference. In addition, you can also use the computers in the electronic reading room of the library and the electronic classroom of the School of Political Science and Law to query the required information on the relevant websites.
(2) The help of the tutor
In the process of writing my thesis, I often ask my tutor for advice, and often take the initiative to communicate face to face with my tutor or consult the relevant questions in my thesis by telephone or email, which has made an important guarantee for me to broaden my mind and finish my thesis better.
(3) time guarantee
It takes a long time from the determination of the title and tutor of the thesis to the finalization of the graduation thesis. From June 5438+00, 2007 to May 2008, you can arrange everything reasonably and complete the paper arrangement as required.
Six, complete the work plan and progress of this topic.
In this paper, we should first think about this topic, understand what we want to write, start from what direction, and then collect and sort out information, so as to have a systematic understanding of this topic, and then actively cooperate with the instructor to gradually complete the prescribed writing steps. After completing the first draft, give it to the teacher for revision, and then revise and finalize it yourself. The work progress of this paper is as follows:
The seventh semester:
In the third week, the results of the topic selection will be announced and the instructor will be appointed.
Submit the topic guide in the fifth week.
Issue and accept the task book in the sixth week
Literature Review of Writing in Week 7- 10
Complete the opening report in week 1 1.
Finish the first draft of the paper in the sixteenth week.
The eighth semester:
Complete the first revised draft and mid-term inspection in the first three weeks.
Complete the second revised draft and mid-term inspection in the fourth to sixth week.
From the seventh week to the ninth week, we will further collect information, enrich the content and complete the third revised draft.
In the eleventh week, the final draft and printing work were completed, and the qualification examination for defense was completed.
Week 13 thesis defense
In the fourteenth week of the thesis defense report, submit the thesis self-evaluation report.
Seven, the main references
[1] Tian Hui, On the Problems and Countermeasures of New Rural Cultural Construction, Journal of Chongqing Vocational and Technical College, May 2007.
[2] Lei Zhen, "Obstacles to New Rural Construction", Western Development, 65438+February 2006.
[3] Chen Xu, "Bad habits affecting farmers' lives", "Fujian Agriculture", No.5, 2006.
[4] Jiang Yonghui, "Rational Thinking on Rural Cultural Construction", "Journal of Hunan Administration College" (bimonthly), No.4, 2005.
[5] Jia, The Sorrow of Rural Cultural Consumption, Friends of Leaders, No.2, 2005.
[6] Xu Shaolin's "Scanning Rural Bad Habits" Rural Perspective, No.8, 2003.
[7] Xu, Xu Xinlin, "Bad customs and countermeasures in rural areas of Henan", "Learning Forum", No.4, 2000.
[8] Xu, "Analysis of the Causes of the Overflow of Bad Customs in Rural Areas at the Present Stage", Research on Socialism,No. 1 Period, 2002.
[9] Xu, "Countermeasures for the Management of Bad Rural Customs at the Present Stage", Henan Social Sciences, May 2003.
[10] Heilongjiang county economy and society, new rural construction and county economic development, China Agricultural Publishing House, March 2006, the first edition.