1. 1 Improve human cardiopulmonary function.
People who often participate in Tai Ji Chuan exercise have thicker myocardial fibers, thicker ventricular walls, enhanced myocardial contractility, and increased cardiac volume, that is, stroke output. In addition, it can improve the elasticity and toughness of the arterial wall, make the diameter of the coronary artery thicker, and improve the working ability of the heart. Long-term exercise can make the internal gas circulate and relax the whole body, which is beneficial to the exchange of substances inside and outside capillaries, promote the utilization of oxygen by tissues, reduce the accumulation of lactic acid, relieve fatigue, be beneficial to the body, and have a good preventive and therapeutic effect on chronic coronary heart disease, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis. Tai Ji Chuan's breathing requires depth, length, uniformity and softness, which can increase the activities of diaphragm and abdominal muscles, adjust the respiratory function of intercostal muscles, increase the traction between the lungs and the thorax, and play a "massage role" on internal organs, which has a good effect on diseases caused by various organs, such as dyspepsia, diabetes, dysuria, etc.
1.2 can improve lung ventilation and reduce chronic respiratory diseases.
Tai Ji Chuan exercise has obvious curative effect on chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic bronchitis and asthma in the elderly. The reason is that long-term practice of Tai Ji Chuan can improve the lung ventilation efficiency of respiratory system. Tai Ji Chuan motion is a static motion with less components and less exercise intensity. Therefore, Tai Ji Chuan exercise is harmless to high-risk patients with heart and lung diseases. Tai Ji Chuan's long and slow exhalation is very beneficial to reduce the resistance of respiratory tract. Long-term Tai Ji Chuan exercise has a positive effect on improving lung function of patients with chronic respiratory diseases.
Tai Ji Chuan exercise can obviously reduce the blood lipid level. Studies have found that long-term Tai Ji Chuan exercise can reduce the contents of low-density lipoprotein and very low-density lipoprotein, and significantly increase plasma atherosclerosis and ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, which plays a very important role.
1.3 taijichuan improves myocardial blood supply and enhances blood pumping ability.
Yang measured the hemorheological indexes of 8 Tai Ji Chuan athletes and 10 normal healthy people of the same age after resting and quantitative load exercise. The results show that the heart rate of Tai Ji Chuan athletes is low, the stroke output is increased, and the cardiac output is greatly increased with metabolism. Wu Xiaoping's research results further confirmed that Tai Ji Chuan exercise has a certain effect on treating essential hypertension and ischemic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and further provided a theoretical basis for Tai Ji Chuan to practice treating such diseases.
1.4 Tai Ji Chuan can improve blood oxygen saturation and enhance physical fitness.
Wang et al. measured the local blood flow and blood oxygen saturation of Tai Ji Chuan athletes during and after quantitative load exercise. The results show that these two indexes have been improved obviously. [3] It reflects that Tai Ji Chuan athletes pay attention to the regulation of nervous system in long-term practice, guide the human body into the best physiological activity state, increase vasodilators, and lead to the increase of local microvascular blood flow. The high oxygen saturation of Tai Ji Chuan athletes in quantitative exercise is closely related to the influence of Tai Ji Chuan exercise on blood vessels. Liu Jing adopted a similar research method, and found that the local oxygen saturation of excellent Wushu routine athletes showed a downward trend in increasing load and Wushu routine drills, and the higher the athletes' training level, the more obvious the decline in oxygen saturation. This is because Tai Ji Chuan's exercise load and intensity are small, and the phenomenon of blood redistribution during exercise is not obvious, and the blood flow at fingertips can also increase with the increase of cardiac output. However, in Wushu routine exercise, the exercise intensity is close to the limit intensity, and there is obvious blood redistribution during the exercise. Due to the intense excitement of sympathetic vasoconstrictor nerves that dominate blood vessels, peripheral peripheral peripheral blood vessels contract strongly, and the blood supply in peripheral parts such as fingertips will be significantly reduced. This further explains why Tai Ji Chuan's exercise style is more suitable for the needs of middle-aged and elderly people and patients with chronic diseases. Even children with congenital heart disease can improve their physical fitness through Tai Ji Chuan exercises and swimming.
2 Tai Ji Chuan exercises on the psychological impact of practitioners.
2. 1 Tai Ji Chuan's mental health value for the elderly.
With the growth of age and the change of social work role, the elderly have experienced a series of losses, and their roles must be adjusted to adapt to the new environment. This chronic psychological stress may reduce the level of physical immune function and psychological quality of the elderly, make their physical, sensory and cognitive functions decline, and accelerate the loss of their perceptual control ability. The most common is the loss of cognitive psychological function of the elderly, which is often called senile mental disorder, and the most common disease caused by it is Alzheimer's disease. Doctors widely use exercise prescriptions to treat elderly people with mild depression. Many literatures reported that physical activity can reduce depression, and social interaction and sports intervention can affect all aspects of depression, but athletes can reduce it more. Alameda country's research is the most convincing in proving the relationship between physical activity and depression. In this study, which spans about 20 years and uses three measurement methods, it is found that depression is related to not participating in sports activities, and then increasing sports activities in the depressed group has obvious effects, which improves the self-esteem of the subjects and improves their memory and judgment.
Tai Ji Chuan is a kind of low-intensity aerobic exercise, which can reduce the indicators of emotional instability such as depression and anxiety. Moore et al. (1994) conducted a self-esteem aerobic exercise experiment on 50 elderly people aged 60-79 for 13 weeks. The results show that compared with the control group without exercise, the physical quality and self-esteem of the exercisers have been significantly improved.
1999 to 2000, more than 700 elderly people over 60 years old in 8 provinces and cities were investigated and counted, and it was found that Tai Ji Chuan was the most engaged in sports activities. The experimental research on 100 elderly people engaged in Tai Ji Chuan sports shows that Tai Ji Chuan has improved their cognitive ability, improved their mood, reduced their depression and improved their overall goodwill.
2.2 Tai Ji Chuan's role in psychological adjustment of modern people.
Modern psychological research shows that people's emotional activities are closely related to health. Optimism is good for health, while excessive joy, anger, sadness, joy, sadness, fear and shock will bring danger to health. "Taiji Biography" holds that "those who are good at keeping in good health should live inside, while those who are not good at keeping in good health should live outside." Among them, cultivating the mind requires a self-sufficient mentality of purity, inaction and self-seeking. Through the control of self-mind, you can relax your body and mind to the greatest extent. Tai Ji Chuan has cultivated to a certain level, and every drill strives for self-awareness of life, self-purification of human nature, self-improvement of personality and self-renewal of mind. "No punch, no intention, no intention is true", which is the highest state of Tai Ji Chuan's psychological adjustment.
In the traditional concept, people only pay attention to Tai Ji Chuan's function of strengthening the body. In fact, Tai Ji Chuan can effectively hone people's spirit, discover people's psychological quality and make people's psychology calm down. Tai Ji Chuan's practice itself is also a process of will and behavior. Day after day, year after year, he is constantly improving his level and developing his will level. In terms of personality, people become resolute, cheerful and optimistic, and learn to control their own needs and motives; Learn to solve the contradiction of motivation struggle; Let your personality tendency be more mature. Tai Ji Chuan activities can also increase the forms of contact between people, make people forget their troubles and pains, and eliminate loneliness. People's psychology is not isolated, but their body and mind are coordinated and influenced each other. In modern society, people have an accelerated pace of life, tense interpersonal relationships, impatience and emotional impulses. Tai Ji Chuan's activities are persistent and endurance, thus increasing self-control and making his mood more stable. With the growth of age, people's physical function and psychological state will naturally decline, which is a natural law that no one can resist. Tai Ji Chuan can not only slow down the aging of the body, but also rejuvenate the spiritual world.
2.3 Tai Ji Chuan's influence on college students' mental health
In recent years, the mental health of college students is worrying. Practicing Tai Ji Chuan can improve the mental health level of college students. Through statistical comparison, compared with the national norm (1986) formulated by Jinhua City, the total average score and the number of positive items of Tai Ji Chuan college students are obviously lower than the national norm. It shows that the overall mental health level of the subjects is obviously higher than that of the ordinary people. Zhang Yao Liu Yongfeng compared the total average score and the number of positive items reflecting the overall psychological level of the subjects with the national norm set by Jinhua (1986), and found that the total average score and the number of positive items of the subjects were significantly lower than the national norm. The results show that students who practice Tai Ji Chuan have a high level of mental health.
In recent years, people have done a lot of analysis and research on college students' mental health problems. The results show that the mental health level of contemporary college students is low, and the mental health problems are more prominent. However, according to their survey results, the mental health level of college students who practice Tai Ji Chuan is higher than that of ordinary people. This is closely related to Tai Ji Chuan's unique sports style.
2.4 The influence of Tai Ji Chuan exercise on athletes' heart function.
In Yang's research, several indexes were used to test and analyze the hemorheology of Tai Ji Chuan athletes' circulatory system. The results and analysis showed that the stroke output of Tai Ji Chuan athletes increased significantly after quantitative exercise. The increase of cardiac output per minute is obtained through lower heart rate and greater stroke output. This proves that Tai Ji Chuan exercise is an aerobic exercise to promote heart function. Secondly, after quantitative exercise, the peripheral resistance of Tai Ji Chuan athletes' circulatory system is relatively small, which indicates that Tai Ji Chuan exercise can enable the exercisers to acquire better vascular movement regulation ability and keep the elasticity of the vascular wall. In addition, Tai Ji Chuan athletes' blood viscosity is relatively small, and the blood flow is smooth, which may be related to Tai Ji Chuan's "quiet and relaxed" characteristics.