First, the enfeoffment system:
The enfeoffment system is called "dividing the territory and building princes" In short, it is to divide the world into pieces of land. Leave the area that can be stably controlled in the middle to yourself, and leave the frontier with various aborigines and threats to relatives and heroes at the top of the pyramid in the Western Zhou Dynasty.
All the enfeoffment people are divided into two categories, one is the relatives of the Zhou royal family, and the territory is allocated according to their blood relationship with the Zhou king.
There is also a class of heroes, mainly based on military exploits. However, in the enfeoffment of the Zhou Dynasty, the vassal states with the surname of Ji occupied the main part, and few people got enfeoffment, even those who really made great contributions rarely "won this honor".
Under the enfeoffment system of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the land and labor were nominally owned by the King of Zhou, and the lower classes had to bear the obligations of tribute, compulsory service, military security and debriefing. In a sense, the enfeoffment system was a means to establish a new political pattern in the Western Zhou Dynasty, and the patriarchal clan system was the basis of the enfeoffment system.
Second, the patriarchal clan system:
Patriarchal clan system is to decide the status, role and treatment in such a world system according to blood relationship.
The patriarchal clan system established in the Western Zhou Dynasty is a pyramid-shaped order, and the gap between Shu Ren and the nobility is like a natural barrier. The common people have no right to enter the ruling class, but the ruling class is in danger and possibility of falling into the common people.
The history of the Western Zhou Dynasty and its influence;
I. History of Western Zhou Dynasty:
1 1 century BC, the Shang Dynasty was destroyed, the founding of the People's Republic of China was celebrated in Zhou Dynasty, and its capital was high (east of Fenghe River in Chang 'an, Shaanxi Province). After Zhou Chengwang took power, he established his capital as Zhou (Luoyang, Henan) and lived in China, making Dafeng a vassal, ordering the Duke of Zhou to make an expedition to the east and establish a system of rites and music, thus strengthening the rule of the Western Zhou Dynasty.
During the reign of Zhou Chengwang and Zhou Kangwang, the society was stable and the people lived in harmony, and "the punishment was wrong for more than forty years", which is called "the rule of Cheng Kang" in history. After Zhou Yiwang succeeded to the throne, politics became increasingly corrupt and the national situation declined. Because Xirong was unable to attack repeatedly, he was forced to move the capital to Goushan (southeast of Xingping, Shaanxi).
Before and after Zhou Liwang, private land developed day by day, and the uprising of China people in 84 1 BC heralded the coming of slavery crisis, and the kingship declined from then on. The absence of Zhou Xuanwang's thousand acres marked the collapse of the Jing Tian system during Wang Ji's reign. In 77 BC1year, Zhou Youwang was killed by Quan Rong and Shen Hou. The following year, his drought-striken fields moved to Luoyi, and the Eastern Zhou Dynasty began.
Second, the impact:
The Western Zhou Dynasty was the heyday of slave society in China. Compared with Shang Dynasty, social productivity was higher, agriculture was prosperous and culture was further developed. Patriarchal clan system and well field system were the most basic social, political and economic systems at that time. When the Zhou Dynasty was strong, it crossed the Yangtze River in the south, Liaoning in the northeast, Gansu in the west and Shandong in the east.