First, the challenges faced by the 2009 graduates in employment
With the advent of the financial crisis, the employment problem of college students, which was difficult to return, has become more serious: on the one hand, the number of college graduates nationwide in 2009 exceeded 665,438+million, and these fresh graduates urgently need employment; On the other hand, many employers cut or even cancel campus recruitment plans, resulting in a serious imbalance between supply and demand of human resources, and graduates' employment faces the coldest "winter", mainly in:
1, from the national macro perspective:
(1) The number of graduates reached a record high in 2009. Due to the continuous enrollment expansion of the country, the number of graduates has been growing rapidly, and the number of graduates to be employed is huge. Today, when the financial wave is sweeping and the economy continues to slump, the employment task of college students in 2009 is very arduous; (2) The growth of the national economy has slowed down, and the demand for new labor has been greatly reduced. Affected by the global financial crisis, it is predicted that China may face economic slowdown, export reduction, fiscal contraction, shrinking foreign exchange reserves and increasing unemployment in the next few months or even a long time. (3) The introduction of the labor contract law and other relevant employment security policies will not only further improve the norms of labor relations in China and protect the legitimate rights and interests of employees, but also lead employers to be more cautious in hiring employees.
2. From the perspective of the employer:
(1) The global economic depression caused by the global financial crisis has led to a decline in consumer demand and investment demand, resulting in a sharp drop in the demand for new labor, which has led to many companies cutting or even canceling their recruitment plans. Some colleges and universities that focus on economic management will be hit harder because of the limitation of their majors. (2) Many employers have more or less misunderstandings when choosing college students, mainly including: First, higher academic requirements. Today, with the emphasis on ability determining the future, education is still regarded as a stepping stone to finding a job. From the talent supply and demand exchange meetings held in various places in the second half of this year, as well as the autumn campus job fairs and special job fairs held by our school, we can see that despite the economic downturn, some well-known employers have provided certain employment plans for the purpose of "talent reserve", but the threshold for enterprises has increased and the treatment has decreased, but the changes can still be clearly felt. Second, there is gender discrimination. Female college students are obviously at a disadvantage. Because of physiological factors, marriage factors, achievement motivation, maternity insurance premium, labor protection expenses of female employees and other factors, the future work cost of female college students is higher than that of male college students. Therefore, when recruiting some positions, employers are more inclined to men. Third, the geographical discrimination of students. Considering the close relationship between their business and the local area, many employers hope to recruit college students who are familiar with local dialects, customs and even have a certain interpersonal network. When selecting talents, local talents are given priority. Fourth, pay too much attention to work experience. The impact of the financial crisis makes it difficult for employers to give new employees long-term internships and training as before. From the perspective of cost, they are more willing to hire candidates who have relevant work experience and can work directly; (3) The promulgation of the Labor Contract Law and the Employment Promotion Law has increased the cost of employers and protected the legitimate rights and interests of vulnerable employees. This means that employers are more cautious in recruitment, and generally rarely or not consider increasing recruitment plans when the situation is unclear and the demand is not urgent.
3. From the students' point of view:
(1) hardware is missing. With the impact of the financial crisis, graduates must have enough "hardware" to find their favorite jobs. That is, education, grades, knowledge level, practical experience, practical ability, etc. At present, a considerable number of students lack sufficient understanding of professional knowledge, low theoretical literacy, weak practical ability and lack of necessary social practice; (2) Lack of "software". Besides the necessary "hardware", graduates also need some "software". For example, adaptability, interpersonal skills, emotional control, time management, employability and so on. These abilities play a very important role in finding a job; (3) Graduates' employment concept lags behind, and they are blindly optimistic or pessimistic, and there are still deviations in job selection, values and outlook on life. This not only affects the employment rate of our graduates to a certain extent, but also makes some graduates miss the "best" employment opportunities; (4) The impact of the financial crisis makes some graduates plan to delay employment, expecting to find a good job after the crisis. As we all know, on the one hand, not getting employment in time makes the immediate investment lose all its blood, on the other hand, it also wastes its advantages as a fresh student.
Second, the employment opportunities of graduates in 2009
Although the global financial crisis has hurt the real economy, other countries are also facing the problem of economic recession, and all aspects of our country have also been affected to some extent, but in fact it has not had a great impact on our real economy. The country has sufficient funds and resources to withstand the financial pressure brought by the financial crisis. It can even be said that in a sense, college students are facing the challenge of "moving from structural unemployment to full employment and satisfactory employment", but more opportunities. Mainly manifested in:
1, from the national macro perspective:
(1) China's economy will maintain rapid and healthy development, which is a powerful impetus to social employment, especially the employment of college students; (2) The national economic development strategy will strongly promote the sustained, healthy, coordinated and stable development of China's economy. The problem facing our country is not the financial crisis, but the adjustment of industrial structure. With the gradual acceleration of industrialization, some enterprises and some people will inevitably be eliminated in this round of renewal. However, after the industrial structure is updated, the requirements for personnel quality are different, and the advantages of college students will be highlighted. With the adjustment of China's industrial structure, the preparation of basic work and the acceleration of industrialization, the proportion of the tertiary industry is increasing, and cultural industries and creative industries are rising. These jobs need high-quality people to do, and the opportunity for college students has come. (3) Building an innovative country and building a new socialist countryside will provide more opportunities and broader development space for college graduates; (4) The Labor Contract Law and the Employment Promotion Law will provide legal protection for the employment of college graduates.
2. From the perspective of the unit:
(1) In order to alleviate the employment pressure of college students, state organs and institutions at all levels will surely become a big family to absorb college students' employment. According to statistics over the years, the number of people absorbed by state organs and institutions at all levels accounts for about 12.7% of the total number of fresh graduates, and this market will surely rise steadily in the future; (2) With the aim of "talent reserve", the number of recruits will not be greatly reduced; (3) With the country encouraging consumption and expanding domestic demand, the domestic market will further develop, and the demand for human resources in manufacturing, social services and other industries will further expand; (4) With the improvement of the law, the unit has gradually improved its own employment system, and the previous illegal employment and wage arrears have been fundamentally eliminated.
3. Personally, students:
(1) Upgrade your own "hardware" and "software". For college students' career development, the only thing they can control is their employability. With the change of external environment, students can fully realize the difficulty of employment, and then improve their "internal strength" through various means, and finally improve their employability; (2) Change the old concept of choosing a job and establish a correct concept of choosing a job, outlook on life and values. In such a big environment, students can broaden their employment and have more choices. For example, some students didn't intend to take the civil service exam or graduate students, but just wanted to work in enterprises. Now they also find that civil servants or graduate students are not bad when they can't find a suitable job. In the long run, this is likely to become an important means to improve the level of employment.