Historical biographical articles in the college entrance examination are generally biographies of people after processing. This kind of article is narrated around the main characters, which can be grasped from four aspects when reading:
(1) Make clear what kind of person the protagonist is, such as court officials, heroes and martyrs, literati, etc.
(2) what is clearly recorded, such as the operation of officialdom, promotion of official position, remonstrance against progress, and love for foot soldiers.
(3) clear time, place, plot, character motivation, attitude.
(4) Analyze the social value and meaning of life embodied by things.
2. Grasp the characters and their spiritual qualities.
After people and other important things are basically clear, we should carefully analyze what aspects of personality characteristics and ideological qualities these things show. The selection of college entrance examination compositions is ideological, which generally highlights the character's dedication and extraordinary talent. In recent years, the characters in the classical Chinese of college entrance examination are honest and clean, good at solving cases, smart and courageous, honest and modest, frugal in nature, paying attention to education, recommending talents, strictly enforcing the law, punishing evil and promoting good, or diligent in persuading farmers, which contains positive factors to carry forward the virtues of the Chinese nation and has certain educational functions. To grasp the character characteristics and spiritual quality of characters, we must grasp the characteristics of characters' language and actions, and carefully analyze the social significance of thoughts, feelings and actions revealed by characters' words.
3. Determine the relationship between roles.
4. Analyze and summarize the author's views and attitudes.
(1) The opinions and attitudes expressed by the author in the article generally have two forms:
(1) indirect expression-it may be expressed by describing people, events and using derogatory terms. It may be said under the guise of a character in the text, or it may be expressed by different descriptions of the positive and negative characters in the pen, or it may be expressed by paraphrasing other people's comments.
(2) Direct expression-through the central argument and sub-argument in argumentative writing, the lyric argument in narrative writing and the critical language in expository writing.
(2) the characteristics of the college entrance examination.
In recent years, the proposition angles of this test center mainly include:
(1) The author wrote the characters' thoughts, personality characteristics, views and attitudes towards the characters.
② The significance of the events written by the author and the author's views and attitudes towards the events written.
③ The author's emotional tendency towards the characters and events he wrote.
④ The author's writing intention.
5. Be familiar with the characteristics of wording and narrative.
Judging from the college entrance examination questions in recent years, historical biography articles first introduce the names, font sizes, native places and talents of the main characters, and then describe the main deeds around their personalities and qualities. Concise narration, common language description and action description, few details. They often put characters in contradictions to show their ideological quality, and often write in a way of seeing the big from the small. These characteristics are all candidates must pay attention to in the review process. In addition, frequent use of official words in paragraphs must be reviewed. Specifically listed as follows:
① Indicating granting and promotion: recruiting, discovering, recommending, promoting, worshiping, dividing, granting, starting and drawing.
(2) Representing job transfer: transfer, transfer, transfer and relocation.
Part-time, agency: part-time, collar, agency, power, photography.
(4) Those who indicate demotion or recall: demotion, demotion, expulsion, left shift, strike and dismissal.
⑤ "knowing and doing" does not mean the change of official position, but it is often used in combination with official position, which can be flexibly translated into the meaning of "being in charge".
6. Use corresponding reading methods
Reading methods should be different for different purposes. The purpose of reading this kind of articles is to understand the outline of things, clarify the narrative context, initially perceive the characters and make a brief analysis. Generally speaking, reading should focus on the main points of information, such as "who did what when and what was the result". To this end, candidates can read according to the following steps: first, read the article, basically grasp the person's name, font size, place of origin, official name, place name and dynasty, distinguish the relationship between people, roughly understand the people and events, and make clear the outline of the article. Read the article again, sort out the ins and outs of things, and analyze what these things show about the main characters' personality, quality and talent, so as to make full use of generalization and analysis questions to help reading comprehension. Generally speaking, the whole article can be divided into several small levels. In order to facilitate sorting and memory, we can divide each small level clearly with diagonal lines.
Reading passages in classical Chinese is a very difficult thing for us, but as long as we read more biographies of historical figures in classical Chinese at ordinary times, carefully analyze the characteristics of such articles, find out the reading methods and rules in combination with biographies of textbooks, and pay attention to cultivating a sense of language, we can make it easier.