With the development of the world economy and the improvement of science and technology, people's living standards and quality of life have also improved, but the lack of resources and environmental pollution have also become unavoidable problems. From 65438 to 0987, the United Nations put forward the concept of sustainable development. Since then, countries have begun to attach importance to the coordinated development of economic development and environmental issues. The coordinated development of nature, society and people is also deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The control of environmental pollution has gradually developed into a special project. Environmental pollution control project management is an important aspect of environmental pollution control, which is not only an independent and specific management work, but also has its own particularity.
First, the characteristics of environmental pollution control projects
(1) The complexity of environmental pollution determines the complexity and difficulty of the treatment project.
The current situation of environmental pollution is very complicated, and the methods and technologies of pollution control are also very complicated, and the impact of pollutants on the environment is unpredictable. All these factors lead to the complexity of environmental pollution control project.
At present, environmental pollution mainly includes industrial waste, noise pollution, light pollution, radioactive element pollution and thermal pollution. These pollutions are not a single material pollution, but a complex system composed of many pollutants. For example, automobile exhaust is composed of organic pollutants such as benzene, toluene, xylene, alcohol, phenol, ether and aldehyde. Noise is caused by various mechanical or airflow reasons, such as vibration, friction or impact. But also mixed high, medium and low different frequency characteristics. The complexity and diversity of pollutants lead to the complexity of pollution control engineering.
In addition, the process and technology needed to control environmental pollution are quite complex, the production process of industrial enterprises is complex, and the types of pollutants discharged are also diverse. The same pollutants may be produced by different production processes, so different processes and technologies must be adopted to control pollutants, otherwise it is difficult to achieve good control results.
The impact of pollutants on the environment is unpredictable. In today's world, pollution is everywhere, and its impact on the environment is multifaceted, complex and unpredictable. The complex hazards of pollutants have not been fully recognized so far. Many pollutants not only pose a threat to human health, but also have a direct or indirect impact on the atmosphere, soil and animal and plant resources. The impact of pollutants on the environment varies from time to time, and no one can guarantee that pollutants will not be transformed over time, causing greater harm. This characteristic of pollutants leads to the complexity and arduousness of the treatment project.
(B) The marginal nature of environmental science determines the marginal nature of environmental governance projects.
Compared with other sciences, environmental science is a new comprehensive discipline. Environmental science is closely related to other natural sciences and humanities, especially biological sciences, physical and chemical sciences, geography, economic sociology, law, management and other disciplines. The environmental pollution control project belongs to the category of environmental protection and is based on the theoretical guidance of environmental science, so the pollution control project is obviously marginal and comprehensive. Environmental pollution control project is not only a systematic project in the macro sense, but also has a profound impact and function on the ecological environment system. Environmental pollution control project combines energy saving and pollution control, which is similar to energy engineering and cannot be separated from the theoretical and practical guidance of construction engineering and management science. Therefore, its unique interdisciplinary and multi-field characteristics make it different from other traditional projects and closely related to other related projects.
Second, environmental pollution control project management
(A) environmental pollution control project management requirements
Under the new economic situation, the management of environmental pollution control projects has also undergone new changes. The market economy has changed people's way of thinking. In view of the management requirements of environmental engineering, it is no longer administrative and mandatory. In order to adapt to the development of market economy, environmental pollution control projects should be brought into the market track, so that environmental pollution control projects can be effectively managed under a fair and standardized market mechanism and the purpose of pollution control can be achieved. Therefore, the following principles and requirements are put forward for the management of environmental pollution control projects:
First of all, we should introduce the competition mechanism and fair mechanism of market economy, carry out unified management, and combine environmental benefits with economic benefits, but first of all, we should attach importance to environmental benefits. Secondly, it is necessary to invest advanced technology, choose reliable and practical design schemes with good expected benefits, select construction and installation teams with high credibility, strictly control project quality, and implement process management and review system. Finally, it is necessary to combine enterprises, transform production technology, promote the development, progress and use of cleaner production technology, apply the development results of pollution control technology, establish project file management, and ensure the integrity, reliability and accuracy of data and information.
(B) the establishment of market-oriented environmental pollution control projects
1, the basic framework of marketization of environmental pollution control projects
The marketization of environmental pollution control projects is an irreversible historical trend. In this market, the government, customers and manufacturers are the main bodies of the market. Among them, the government plays the role of manager. Their behaviors and functions in the environmental engineering market are divided as shown in Figure 1:
In this market, the government formulates technical standards by improving laws and regulations. Establish and improve market management institutions and relevant certification bodies to realize the management of environmental pollution control projects. The government does not directly participate in the market, but establishes and improves the authority and compulsion of the market, thus avoiding the disadvantages of direct government participation, such as the lack of responsibility and management and corruption. Producers are suppliers and beneficiaries of products. Marginality and comprehensiveness of environmental engineering are quality problems that often appear in many environmental engineering production, and they have great randomness. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the behavior of producers by formulating construction and standards.
2, pay attention to the administrative behavior in environmental pollution control project management.
The marketization of environmental pollution control projects is essentially the legal management of environmental engineering market management. Make full use of the spontaneous regulation of the market and the administrative behavior of the government, and give full play to the role of the market management system in the environmental pollution control project.
First of all, market operation management should be incorporated into environmental engineering management to adapt to the socialist market economic system. The main means for administrative organs to manage the environmental engineering market are policy planning and necessary intervention, including tax relief, policy encouragement, subsidies or loans and the establishment of various systems. For the bad phenomena in the market operation and behaviors that endanger people's or environmental safety, timely punish and standardize them by legal and administrative means, or terminate production activities.
Secondly, the government should further improve the market-oriented environmental pollution control project management laws and regulations. A perfect system of laws and regulations is the foundation of the market, and administration according to law is one of the basic principles of government administration. Therefore, perfect laws and regulations are the basis for the normal operation of the environmental engineering market. The legislation of environmental governance projects should give priority to the requirements of environmental protection, and learn from the experience of other related industries to improve and enrich marketization.
Third, the governance standards of environmental engineering should be institutionalized in writing and formulated and improved. The environmental engineering compilation system is sound, the construction quality standards and project acceptance standards are standardized and systematized, and a set of perfect reference system and implementation norms have been established.
3, the specific methods of environmental pollution control project management
The management of environmental pollution control projects should be treated differently in bidding management according to the particularity of the project itself, and the principle of concrete analysis of specific problems should be implemented. In view of the envy of difficult governance, high technical requirements and no molding experience, we will realize unlimited bidding, allow many enterprises to joint bid, and ensure the engineering quality. General governance projects can be selected by inviting enterprises with governance experience to bid. Finally, the government can also adopt the method of designated bidding to bid for small governance projects, which can save speculation and ensure quality.
Conclusion:
In recent years, the management practice of market-oriented environmental control projects shows that only by fully understanding the complexity and marginal nature of environmental pollution control projects and combining environmental benefits with economic benefits can good environmental and economic benefits be obtained through effective government management. Environmental engineering management is obviously more scientific and standardized under the condition of fair competition following market rules and strict management requirements. Under the trend of marketization of environmental engineering management, we will continuously improve the management level and promote the development of environmental protection in China.
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