1. Nobel Prize

Nobel has never been in love, but unfortunately everyone he loves has married someone else. As for the final math prize, it was because his rival in love was a mathematician. In fact, most of them were invented by good people. We can only say that Nobel is not so stingy.

Nobel

Nobel is a Swedish chemist, engineer, inventor, military equipment manufacturer and inventor of diatomite explosives. He owned 355 patented inventions in his life.

2.da Vinci

One of the three outstanding artists after the Italian Renaissance, painter, fable and sculptor. The masterpieces Mona Lisa and The Last Supper are unmarried for life.

Leonardo da Vinci

Da Vinci is profound in thought and knowledge. He is good at painting, sculpture, invention and architecture, and is familiar with mathematics, biology, physics, astronomy and geology. He is a rare all-rounder in human history. Modern scholars call him "the most perfect representative of the Renaissance". Leonardo da Vinci's greatest achievement was in the field of painting. His masterpieces such as Mona Lisa and The Last Supper reflect his superb artistic attainments. In addition, his artistic practice and scientific exploration spirit had a far-reaching impact on later generations.

3. Newton

Newton's life, there is almost no record of being close to women. He lived a great life alone and sought solace in religion in his later years. 1727 In March, he was buried in the famous Westminster Abbey. Although Newton never married, it is said that he still had love.

newton

He described gravity and three laws of motion in the paper "Laws of Nature" published by 1687. These descriptions laid the scientific view of the physical world in the next three centuries and became the basis of modern engineering. By demonstrating the consistency between Kepler's law of planetary motion and his theory of gravity, he showed that the movements of ground objects and celestial bodies all follow the same natural law; It provides strong theoretical support for the sun-centered theory and promotes the scientific revolution.

In mechanics, Newton expounded the conservation principle of momentum and angular momentum and put forward Newton's law of motion [1]? . In optics, he invented reflecting telescope, and based on the observation that a prism diverges white light into the visible spectrum, he developed the color theory. He also systematically expressed the cooling law and studied the speed of sound.

In mathematics, Newton and Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz shared the honor of developing calculus. He also proved the generalized binomial theorem and put forward Newton's method to approximate the zero point of function, which contributed to the study of power series.

In economics, Newton put forward the gold standard.

4. Voltaire

He owned 99 imperial classics and lived with his lover Emily for 20 years until the latter died, leaving no children. 1778, Voltaire died at the age of 84. The church refused to bury him in Paris. 179 1 year, when the French revolution broke out, his body was moved and buried in the Pantheon in Paris, and a state funeral was held. The tomb is next to Rousseau. His heart was put in a box and kept in the National Library of Paris.

Voltaire was the leader of the French bourgeois enlightenment in the18th century, and was known as "the king of French thought", "the best poet in France" and "the conscience of Europe". Advocating an enlightened monarch and emphasizing freedom and equality. His representative works include Philosophical Exchange, Louis XIV Age, Honest Man, etc.

5. Beethoven

One of the representatives of Vienna Classical Music School, a composer in the period of European classicism.

Beethoven's life was full of pain, his love was not smooth, and he was deaf in his prime. He has loved countless women, but they all prefer to marry others, because he is ugly, or because he comes from humble origins. We don't know. We only know that he became more angry and then wrote more beautiful music. Fortunately, yes or no? Who knows?

Beethoven

Beethoven wrote a wide range of themes in his life, including 9 symphonies,/kloc-0 operas, 32 piano sonatas, 5 piano concertos, many orchestral overtures, violin and cello sonatas. Because of its great contribution to classical music, the development and innovation of sonata form and symphony suite structure, it is called "the saint of music" and "the king of symphony" by later generations.

6.jane austen

Jane Austen, an English writer, is clever and beautiful. It is said that she was infatuated for a time. Being lovelorn when she was young was the reason why she never got married.

Austen's novels appeared at the beginning of19th century, sweeping away the popular pseudo-romanticism at that time, inheriting and developing the excellent British realistic tradition in18th century, and preparing for the climax of realistic novels in19th century. Although his works are limited in breadth and depth, they have played a very good role in changing the vulgar atmosphere in novel creation at that time, and have a connecting link in the history of English novel development, and are known as writers as well as Shakespeare.

7. Plato

Ancient Greek sages, the originator of "spiritual love". People think that love between men and women is the highest emotional form in the world. He was also the earliest industrialist. At the age of 8/kloc-0, he died suddenly at a wedding reception, laughing and laughing.

Plato is the founder of western objective idealism, and his philosophical system is extensive and profound, which has a great influence on his teaching thought.

8. Anderson

As early as 17 years old, Andersen knew Henrietta, the daughter of a translator, who took great care of Andersen. A few years later, because Henry missed his dead brother, he decided to pay his respects at his brother's grave, so he boarded the ship "Ostria". Who knows, the ship caught fire in the Atlantic Ocean and was destroyed. Henrietta never heard from her. On his deathbed, Andersen said, "I paid a huge, even incalculable price for my fairy tales. I gave up happiness for fairy tales. "

Andersen's literary career began with 1822 writing plays. After entering the university, the creation has become increasingly mature. He has published travel notes, musical comedies, poetry collections and poetic dramas. The novel Impromptu Poet published by 1835 has won him an international reputation and is his masterpiece of adult literature. His work Andersen's Fairy Tales has been translated into 150 languages and published all over the world.

9. Van Gogh

Dutch post-impressionist painter. Representative works include Starry Moon Night, Self-portrait Series and Sunflower Series.

No matter what sky-high price Van Gogh's paintings can fetch, it has nothing to do with him. His short life of 37 years was full of humiliation and bitterness, numerous dismissals and confusions, and numerous refusals and disputes, which made him fall into obsessive madness.

Van Gogh was a pioneer of expressionism, which deeply influenced the art of the 20th century, especially the Fauvism and German Expressionism. ?

Van Gogh's works, which once puzzled most of his contemporaries, have been printed on postcards and calendars and become bestsellers. Entrepreneurs flocked to bring Van Gogh's name into the commercial field, such as Van Gogh tie, Van Gogh ballpoint pen, Van Gogh soap, Van Gogh movies and Van Gogh opera. Their works are far ahead in the international oil painting auction market.

10. Elizabeth I

Young, beautiful and cheerful, Elizabeth reached the pinnacle of Britain at the age of 25. Unfortunately, in order to consolidate the throne, she happened to meet between Spain and France, two great powers at that time, and gave up her marriage in exchange for the rise of the British Empire.

At the beginning of his reign, he relied on the support of the upstarts and the bourgeoisie to strengthen autocratic rule and restore Protestant decrees. Externally, we will concentrate on cracking down on Spain's maritime hegemony and vigorously develop maritime trade and colonization. 1585 supports the "Dutch Revolution". 1588 defeated the Spanish "Armada" and began to establish British maritime hegemony. 1600, "East India Company" was approved. British culture also reached a peak in this period, with the emergence of cultural giants such as Shakespeare and Bacon. Therefore, the reign of Elizabeth is called the "golden age" in British history.

Dear, do you know any celebrities who are unmarried for life? Please tell me in the comments.