How to write a paper on road traffic safety? The following is my road traffic paper, please refer to it!
abstract:
Traffic safety is related to the national economy and people's livelihood, and it is one of the problems that cannot be ignored in China's infrastructure construction. As the key link of highway traffic construction, the scientific rationality of highway design directly affects the performance of highway after opening to traffic, and the influence on traffic safety must be fully considered in the stage of highway design. By analyzing the influence of highway design factors on traffic safety, this paper discusses the measures to improve highway design, so as to ensure the elimination of unnecessary hidden dangers from the beginning of highway design and further improve highway traffic safety.
Key words:
Traffic safety; Highway design; Linear design; display distance
introduce
Among the influencing factors of traffic safety, highway design is one of the most important factors. Highway design is the key link of highway engineering construction, and its scientific nature directly affects the future performance of highway. If the highway alignment and anti-skid coefficient are not fully considered in the highway design process, it may cause safety accidents in the future vehicle driving process. Therefore, it is very necessary to explore the factors that affect traffic safety in highway design and take corresponding improvement measures.
1 Influence of highway design factors on traffic safety
Highway traffic is an important part of the traffic system, and its safety performance can not be ignored. Highway design is the key link of highway traffic construction, and the quality of design directly affects the performance of highway. Usually, highway traffic safety will be affected by many factors, so the comprehensive influence of various factors should be fully considered in the process of highway design, and then corresponding measures should be taken at the beginning of design to ensure the reliability of highway traffic system.
1. 1 Influence of plane alignment design on traffic safety
Highway alignment is the main component of highway traffic system, and plane alignment design is also the primary consideration of highway traffic safety. In the design of highway plane alignment, we must fully consider the driver's psychological and visual feelings in the process of highway driving, because these factors directly affect the driver's safety and stability in vehicle driving. In fact, every driver's habits and control methods are different. The main consideration here is the driver's sexual habits, but also the influence of personality. In addition, the design should also consider the control and response that the driver can make in case of emergency, so as to deal with different emergencies, so as to strengthen the prevention of traffic accidents and serious traffic accidents in the process of highway design. The advantages and disadvantages of plane alignment design can directly affect the visual effect of drivers in future road driving, and special attention should be paid to the influence of the above factors in the design process [1]. 1.2 Influence of sight distance design on highway traffic safety The so-called sight distance usually includes plane sight distance and longitudinal sight distance. The influence of sight distance on drivers' safe driving can not be ignored. Good sight distance design can create a comfortable external environment for the driver during driving, and have more time and space to take measures to control the vehicle to a safe area in time in case of emergency. Sight distance design in highway design can be divided into stopping sight distance design, overtaking sight distance design and overtaking sight distance design, among which overtaking sight distance should be paid the most attention, because overtaking is usually one of the most likely operations to cause traffic accidents. Overtaking sight distance is also considered as the longest sight distance, which has the highest risk of traffic accidents and needs the most time and space during driving, so it must be fully considered in the design of overtaking sight distance.
1.3 Influence of longitudinal alignment design on highway traffic safety
Highway profile design usually plays a decisive role in sight distance, and it is also one of the important factors affecting traffic safety in highway design [2]. Longitudinal section design is a very important link in highway alignment design, especially when there is a long or large longitudinal slope, the influence of highway longitudinal section must be fully considered. Once the vehicles driving on the expressway encounter long or large longitudinal slopes and heavy vehicle loads, they will keep driving at a low level for a long time, which will have a certain impact on the vehicles. In addition to the large longitudinal slope, there are other aspects that need to be seriously considered. Because of the danger of the road, the linear design of the longitudinal section is very important.
1.4 Influence of Horizontal and Vertical Combination Design on Highway Traffic Safety
Horizontal and vertical combination design is another important factor affecting traffic safety. The ultimate goal of combination design is to make the road driving process more humanized, more in line with the driver's habits, and also help to better coordinate the driving of vehicles. Only by setting the corresponding horizontal and vertical combination design can we avoid or reduce the traffic accidents caused by the inadaptability of vehicles during driving. The design of horizontal and vertical combination is very important to highway traffic, and drivers' driving habits, inertia psychology and their influence on various road sections should be fully considered.
2 Measures to improve the factors affecting traffic safety in highway design
Highway traffic safety is related to all aspects of social life. In order to provide a good traffic environment, we must fully consider the factors affecting traffic safety in the process of highway design and take corresponding measures. The improvement of highway traffic safety factor is inseparable from scientific and reasonable highway design.
2. 1 Improve the highway plane alignment design
Too long straight sections are easy to cause the driver's visual fatigue, and may also cause the driver to drive too fast. Therefore, the design length of highway branches should try to avoid continuous long sections. In order to ensure the stability of the front and rear alignment performance of highway sections, the radius larger than the minimum radius is usually used when selecting the curve radius, and generally does not exceed1000 m m. In addition, when the driving section is more complicated than the current section, the sudden lane change of vehicles should be fully considered and habitual braking measures should be taken. On the one hand, it is necessary to make a scientific transition through curve technical indicators as much as possible, so as to leave enough time for drivers to prepare for emergencies. In addition, the expressway is not only the infrastructure for people to pass, but also the builder of the surrounding environment. The impact on the environment should also be considered in highway design to provide people with a good external driving environment.
2.2 methods and measures to improve highway sight distance design
In the improvement of the sight distance design of expressway, it is mainly analyzed from the following three aspects [3]: First, drivers must have enough overtaking time and space when overtaking on expressway, and the standard requirements for providing vehicle clearance for overtaking should be considered in the sight distance design, and the standard quality of clearance should be strictly guaranteed in the future construction to ensure the orderly completion of vehicle driving. Secondly, in the process of highway design, any design scheme must meet the requirements of national standards, especially high-grade highways and trunk highways, and must meet the time and space guarantee required for overtaking at the standard speed of this section. Finally, if there are artificial structures or slopes on the highway section, besides ensuring the corresponding space, the influence of the structures on the driver's sight should also be considered. Traffic signs can be set up appropriately to remind drivers of possible road conditions, so as to take braking or other measures as soon as possible to prevent and reduce traffic accidents.
2.3 Measures to improve the linear design of longitudinal section
The linear design of longitudinal section is mainly aimed at long longitudinal slope, and the actual situation such as long longitudinal slope should be considered in the design process. When the road section has a long or large longitudinal slope, it is necessary to design the climbing of the road section. In addition to the corresponding force calculation, it is also necessary to ensure the performance stability of various vehicles when climbing the road. Limit value calculation should not be adopted and applied in design. Because if the limit value method is used for design, once the vehicle performance is affected, unnecessary traffic accidents will occur. If the limit must be adopted, it should be supplemented by corresponding measures that can effectively reduce the speed, or set up eye-catching road warning traffic signs to remind drivers in advance, so that they can take measures as soon as possible to reduce traffic accidents caused by improper driving on special sections.
2.4 Measures to improve the plane combination design
The purpose of combined design is to provide a good driving environment for drivers through the intersection of straight lines and curves on the plane or other longitudinal connections, so as to prevent and reduce traffic accidents. For example, when there is a sharp turn or a continuous steep slope in a highway section, the horizontal curve of the road is set to be longer than the vertical curve through the plane curve design, which can effectively reduce the inadaptability of vehicles in the process of driving this section, thus reducing the probability of traffic accidents. The straight profile may cause visual obstacles to drivers during driving, which should be avoided as much as possible in highway design. At the same time, it is necessary to consider the possible driving situation of the vehicle when the driver suddenly takes braking measures, and set up corresponding plane areas to reduce the accident rate caused by emergency accidents and ensure the traffic safety of expressways.
3 Conclusion
Economic development is inseparable from the construction of infrastructure, and highway traffic, as the main mode of transportation in China, plays an increasingly important role. Highway design is the key link of highway traffic. Good highway design can eliminate traffic safety hazards as soon as possible and reduce the frequency of major traffic accidents. With the rapid development of China's economic construction, highway traffic safety has attracted more and more public attention, and highway designers need to bear more and more responsibilities. In the design process, the factors affecting traffic safety should be fully considered to improve the reliability and stability of highway traffic.
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