From the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education, we can see that the goal of children's art education is to make children "initially feel and love the beauty in the environment, life and art; I like to participate in art activities and can boldly express my feelings and experiences; You can perform art performances in the way you like. " This goal of the Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education clearly tells us that aesthetic feeling should be combined with creative expression. However, the current situation of art education in kindergartens in China is not optimistic. As far as painting education is concerned, there is a general tendency of indoctrination education based on "copying method". In other words, the teacher provides the children with a set of copying painting methods and examples, and the children's task is to copy. In this way, what children get in the learning process is only the cultivation of copying ability, and the ability of aesthetic, imagination and creative expression is ignored and not well developed purposefully, but is prohibited and stifled by mechanized copying and stylized expression. However, art appreciation activities that enable children to obtain the foundation and premise of creating and expressing environmental beauty, life beauty and artistic beauty have hardly been carried out. This obviously violates the objectives of the outline. Therefore, combined with my own working experience in kindergarten, I have explored and studied the teaching form of combining art appreciation with creative expression in order to promote the improvement of children's painting performance ability.
(a) the relevant content of appreciation and performance activities
Beauty can be seen everywhere, almost everything that can be touched by vision has beauty, and different substances have different forms of beauty. But if there is no aesthetic vision, it will turn a blind eye. Interest in observing beautiful things and sensitivity to feelings can only be improved through guidance and training. Children's active and curious nature, full of curiosity about objective things and extensive attention are good opportunities to develop and cultivate aesthetic feelings. According to children's psychological characteristics, age characteristics, aesthetic ability and the needs of the development of painting creativity and expression ability, I sorted out and selected relevant content that is close to children's life, closely related to children's life experience and of interest to children.
Natural objects include fruits, flowers, trees and animals; Daily necessities include clothes and all kinds of interesting toys; Art works include western painting, traditional Chinese painting and folk art. The content of each age class is arranged as follows: The small class mainly appreciates the performance of aquatic plants and flowers, interspersed with some animals with single structure such as chickens, ducklings, elephants, small fish and turtles. , has accumulated rich experience in image expression; The middle class mainly appreciates trees, animals, buildings, clothes and toys, interspersed with some abstract works to let children feel the cold and warm tendency of colors; Large classes mainly appreciate famous paintings, let children feel the artistic conception of tone, composition and color, and try to use it in performance activities to improve their aesthetic expression ability.
(B) the organizational forms and methods of appreciation activities
Children's appreciation activity is an aesthetic activity. It needs to go through psychological processes such as perception, imagination and understanding, and there are emotional factors running through it. In this process, teachers play the role of guides and appreciators. According to the content of appreciation activities, the distribution of activity time in various subjects and the forms of appreciation activities include group activities, collective activities and random activities.
(C) the organizational form of painting performance activities
After purposeful and planned appreciation activities, I arranged painting performances for the whole class or large groups (one class is divided into two groups). Some children have not finished painting performance activities in the whole class or large group, or are still interested in painting performance, so they are arranged to continue painting performance in group corner activities or free activities, and after enjoying the activities randomly, they are allowed to perform painting performance activities independently.
(4) Combining appreciation activities with performance activities.
Both appreciation activities and performance activities need some time to complete. Consider the balanced distribution of teaching activities and game activities in all subjects. Appreciation activities are combined with performance activities, and flexible and diverse forms are adopted.
(5) the guiding method of appreciation activities.
In the face of aesthetic appreciation materials, children can feel directly without too much explanation. However, in order to make them understand the beautiful elements that constitute the appreciation materials and express their feelings in language, that is, to raise their feelings to an understanding, teachers need to give guidance according to their age characteristics when appreciating activities.
Limited by their own psychological development level, children lack purpose and planning when they perceive things, and cannot consciously organize their own vision. When they observe things, they often pay attention to the whole, ignore the part, pay attention to the part and forget the whole. Some children tend to perceive the whole, and the observation is generally rough, while others tend to perceive the part, and the observation is trivial and irrelevant. Children often turn a blind eye to the beauty of their surroundings and life. In this way, the child's spontaneous painting performance ability is very weak. Under the teaching guidance of "copy method", children's paintings are often the same, let alone creative expression. Therefore, the teaching form of combining appreciation and expression is implemented through painting teaching. Children's appreciation ability and expression ability have been effectively improved.
1, promoting the improvement of children's painting modeling level.
Modeling refers to expressing the image of an object with lines and blocks, and it is also one of the ways to express thoughts and feelings. The improvement of modeling ability is one of the elements to improve painting expressive force. By organizing the feelings of beautiful images in natural environment, life and works of art, children's sensitivity and interest in the perception of beautiful images are improved, and their interest in expressing images is stimulated, so that children have accumulated rich experience in expressing images and their ability has been significantly improved.
2. It promotes the improvement of children's painting coloring level.
Color is the main language and important means of expression in painting art, and children are naturally sensitive to color and will use all kinds of bright colors. However, when painting, they are often limited to expressing colors locally and in isolation, regardless of the relationship between the whole and the big tone. By organizing children's feelings about beautiful colors in natural environment, life and works of art, children's understanding of cold and warm colors, contrast of bright gray, gradual change of colors, harmony and unity of colors, and emotion of colors can be improved, and children's sensitivity, interest and desire to express the beauty of colors can be improved. And through constant practice of feeling and expression, the expressive force of children's colors is effectively improved.
3. Promote the improvement of children's painting composition level.
Composition refers to the relationship and position between the images expressed by the arrangement in the picture. Combine individual or partial images into an artistic whole to express the theme and aesthetic effect of the work. When children express their image, they are very arbitrary and can't consciously lay out the picture. By organizing children to enjoy a series of famous paintings and folk stickers, children can understand different composition methods such as horizontal, vertical, radial and spiral, as well as the balance, symmetry, echo and rhythm of composition, and consciously express themselves in painting activities. Children's painting gradually got rid of disorder and verticality, and developed into multi-layer juxtaposition and occlusion. The writing ability has been improved to a certain extent.