According to the requirements of China Academic Journals (CD-ROM Edition) Retrieval and Evaluation Data Standard (Trial) and China Social Science Journals Arrangement Standard (Revised Edition), many publications distinguish between references and annotations, and define annotations as "words that further explain or supplement a certain content in a text", which are listed at the end of the article, separated from references or placed at the footer.

References are continuously coded with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text, and the serial numbers are placed in square brackets. If the file is referenced repeatedly, it is marked with the same serial number in the text. Generally speaking, the page number (or page number range) of a document cited once is listed in the following references.

In the form of works? Year of publication? Or a periodical? Year, volume (period)? Wait+? : Page number (or page number range). . For documents cited many times, list the page number or page number range of each reference in the serial number tag (some publications also regard the information that can indicate the location of the cited documents as page numbers) and put it in square brackets (only list numbers, no? p？ Or? Peggy? Words and characters before and after; The line in the middle of the page number range is a half-word line) and marked with superscript.

If the serial number of a reference appearing as text needs to be followed by a page number or a page number range, the page number or page number range should also be superscript. Authors and editors need to carefully check the serial numbers of references under the sequential coding system, so that the serial numbers are consistent with the list of references after the marked documents are exactly the same. In addition, the page number or page number range of references should also be accurate.

Reference types and document types are identified by a single letter:

Monograph m; Newspaper n; Journal j; Patent document p; Compilation g; Ancient books o; Technical standards;

Dissertation d; Scientific and technological report; Reference tool k; Search tool w; File b; Tape a;

Chart q; Record l; Product sample x; Video tape v; Meeting minutes; Chinese translation test;

Music score I; Movie y; Manuscript h; Microfilm u; Slide z; Miniature flat film f; Other e.

Examples of reference writing

1. Journal

Format [serial number] author. Title [J] Name of publication, year of publication, volume number (issue number): page number.

for instance

Wang Haisu. On the mode of accounting information disclosure [J]. Financial Research, 2004,21(1): 56-58.

[2] Xia Lvhui. Investigation report on graduation thesis teaching in colleges and universities [J]. Science Higher Education, 2004( 1):46-52.

[3] Heider, E.R. & ampD.C.Oliver. Color space structure in naming and memory of two languages [J]. Foreign language teaching and research, 1999, (3): 62? 67.

2. Monographs

Format [serial number] author. Title [M]. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number.

For example, [4] Ge Jiashu and Lin Zhijun. Modern western financial accounting theory [M]. Xiamen: Xiamen University Press, 200 1.42.

[5] Jill, R. Mastering English Literature [M]. London: Macmillan, 1985: 42-45.

3. newspapers

Format [serial number] Author, article title [n], newspaper name, publication date (edition).

for instance

[6] Li Dalun. The importance of economic globalization. Guangming Daily, 1998- 12-27(3).

[7] Frenchman W. Between Silence: Voice from China [N]. Atlantic Weekly, 1987-8- 15(33).

Step 4 try

Format [serial number] author. Title [C]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.

for instance

[8] Wu Yifu. Selected western literary theories [C]. Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House,1979:12-17.

[9] spivak, G. Can the common people speak [A]. In C. Nelson & Grosberg (editor. ). Victory on the Edge of Hell: Imitation. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1988, pp.27 1-3 13.

[10] Almarza, g.g. Student foreign language teacher? ■ knowledge growth [A]. In d. freeman and j. c. richards (editor. ). Teacher learning in language teaching [C]. New york: Cambridge University Press. 1996. Page 50-78.

5. Thesis

Format [serial number] author. Title [D] Place of publication: depositor, year of publication: starting page number.

for instance

Zhang Zhusheng. Invariant set of differential semi-dynamic system [D]. Beijing: Institute of Mathematics, Peking University Department of Mathematics, 1983: 1-7.

6. Research report

Format [serial number] author. Title [R]. Place of publication: publisher, year of publication: starting page number.

for instance

Feng Xiqiao. LBB Analysis of Pressure Piping and Pressure Vessel of Nuclear Reactor [R]. Beijing: Tsinghua University Institute of Nuclear Energy Technology Design and Research, 1997: 9- 10.

7. Procedures

Format [serial number] Publisher, regulation name and release date

For example, [15] Science and Technology Commission of the People's Republic of China. Measures for the administration of sci-tech periodicals [Z]. 099 1? 06? 05

8. Translation

Format [serial number] Original author. Title [M]. Translation, translation. Place of publication: publishing house, year of publication: page number.

Note: In order to reflect the scientific basis of the paper, the author respects the serious attitude of other people's research results, and provide readers with the source of relevant information, a list of references should be listed after the thank-you paragraph of the paper. The list of references should generally be limited to the most important documents directly read by the author and published in official publications. Personal letters and unpublished materials are generally not suitable for inclusion in references, but they can be annotated immediately after the quoted content or marked as footnotes or endnotes on the current page.

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