Jin du xiu zong Chen
(School of Economics and Management, Quanzhou Huaqiao University, 3620 1 1)
On the basis of analyzing the garbage disposal processes and management systems in China and Japan
Through comparative study, it is proposed to establish a specialized garbage service enterprise and implement paid garbage service.
Measures such as strict classification of domestic garbage and standardization of garbage pickers are taken to improve urban garbage.
Degree of reduction, recycling and harmlessness of garbage.
Urban garbage; Enterprise management; Classified delivery; Scavengers; Comparison between China and Japan
1 Present situation of municipal solid waste treatment in China
According to relevant data, since China entered the 1990s, garbage has been recycled every year.
The amount of garbage generated is more than/kloc-0.00 million t, and the accumulated garbage over the years is more than 6 billion t, per capita.
The annual output of garbage is 440 kilograms. According to the growth rate of 9%, there will be urban garbage in China by 20 10.
The amount of garbage generated will reach 240 million tons. At present, garbage in China occupies 540 million square meters of land.
It covers an area of about 30 million square meters every year. Two-thirds of the cities in China have
Trapped in the garbage. Take Beijing as an example, it produces more than 4.9 million tons of garbage every day. Beijing
There are more than 7 000 "garbage mountains" nearby, occupying about 533hm2 of cultivated land. From the garbage
In terms of management, 70% of urban garbage is directly landfilled. Landfill not only occupies a lot of land,
Because most of them have no leachate treatment facilities, surface water, groundwater and soil are polluted.
Air pollution. Incineration not only produces air pollution such as SO2, NO2, CO and dust.
Things, and they also produce phosgene and dioxins in the case of chlorine-containing plastics.
Toxic gases also have teratogenic and carcinogenic effects. These have seriously affected the lives of residents.
The environment shows that the treatment of urban garbage in China will be in the future for a long time.
This work is very heavy.
Faced with such a huge amount of garbage, the existing garbage management system in China is not healthy.
All of them. The government not only performs the supervision function, but also specifically organizes the removal and final disposal of garbage.
The reason is that there is a situation of "no distinction between government and enterprise". In addition, due to the lack of the whole garbage disposal industry.
Lack of capital investment and scientific and technological investment, lack of publicity and public opinion guidance, more than 80% of cities and towns.
Our garbage is just buried. The harmless treatment rate is very low. Basically not.
Waste reduction, recycling and harmless "three-oriented" treatment mechanism. Not just garbage pollution
Serious pollution has also caused a great loss of available resources. Therefore, it is necessary to place garbage.
Push it to the market and implement the development of garbage disposal to industrialization. And establish the corresponding
Management system, promote the development of urban garbage disposal in the direction of harmlessness, resource utilization and reduction.
Enter. In this regard, the relevant measures and management system of urban garbage disposal in Japan
For us to learn and learn from.
2 China city garbage disposal and existing problems
Following the original planned economic system management mode, China's urban garbage disposal is still
Directly managed and implemented by the state administrative department. Only a few enterprises have joined the Ministry.
"Renewable garbage" is the basis of garbage resource utilization.
The link of garbage sorting is very weak. It is the urban scavengers who divide the garbage.
kind