Many real-world problems related to ship design and shipping are characterized by alternatives of combination explosion and multiple conflicting objectives, and are expressed as multi-objective combination optimization (MOCO) problems.

Transportation design is related to many practical problems. Transportation is characterized by the combination of explosion alternatives and multiple inconsistent purposes, and it is expressed as a multi-objective combinatorial optimization (MOCO) problem.

Metaheuristics (it seems that there is really no answer! )