E-commerce graduation thesis "Analysis of Rural E-commerce Construction"
Rural e-commerce has unlimited expansion space and great potential, and has become an important link in rural economic development. Party committees and governments at all levels have issued relevant policies and measures to promote the construction of rural e-commerce. Under the background of policy guidance, financial support and broad prospects, major e-commerce giants have also accelerated the layout of rural markets, and the battle for rural e-commerce construction has quietly emerged. How to play the role of rural e-commerce and make it serve better? The problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers deserve in-depth study and active exploration.
First, four problems must be solved at present.
1. Solve? Lack of talent? question
Vigorously implementing rural e-commerce projects, the most important thing is to train a group of rural e-commerce technology leaders and focus on solving technical problems in rural e-commerce. Leadership? It's not a big problem The government should strengthen the construction and training of practical talents in rural e-commerce, and carry out professional training of e-commerce knowledge through local government departments such as agriculture, economy, trade and commerce, so as to provide intellectual guarantee for the establishment of practical talents.
2. solve it? The channel is not wide? question
Should be based on. According to local conditions, it is advisable to build and build, and it is advisable to build a village. Principles of developing rural e-commerce. Pay attention to tapping the advantages of local rural areas, explore and develop rural resources to promote development, provide farmhouse music, rural tourism, agricultural and sideline products services to promote development, and broaden business channels.
3. solve it? Unknown direction? question
Party committees and governments at all levels need to have clear top-level design, policy guidance and support policies for e-commerce construction to mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to participate. It is necessary to increase local financial support, arrange funds as risk compensation funds, help farmers' families or small-scale projects with stable income to engage in rural e-commerce, and strengthen their incubation role.
4. solve it? Lax supervision? question
The behavior of rural e-commerce must be restrained in accordance with the requirements of promoting business with integrity. In addition to the introduction of rural e-commerce management regulations, the local government also needs to make full use of Internet technologies such as big data and cloud computing to establish a unified service platform. Complaint report? Module, accurately record rural e-commerce business or dishonesty, through the establishment of online early warning system, online real-time supervision of e-commerce business, and take measures such as credit risk classification management, business ability management and incentive and restraint mechanism to overcome the problem of inadequate supervision.
Second, the basic concept requirements
1. Develop rural e-commerce? Grid? Construction management.
Establish? District (county), township (town) and village (community)? Rural e-commerce development? Three-level management grid? . What is a district (county)? First-level grid? , by the district (county) agriculture, commerce and other departments responsible for promoting the construction and development of local rural e-commerce at the strategic level; What is a township (town) secondary grid? According to the characteristics of rural economy and industry, development mode, development scale and other factors, promote rural e-commerce distribution at the implementation level; What is a village (community)? Three-level grid? At the operational level, organize the specific operation of e-commerce in the village. Form a good working situation of performing their duties and responsibilities, enhance the overall synergy and promote rapid development.
2. Promote rural e-commerce? Industrialization? .
For rural e-commerce? Good development of business projects and strong driving ability? In relatively concentrated areas, the government can plan and build rural e-commerce economic development industrial parks and strengthen? Industry? Propulsion system.
3. Develop rural e-commerce? Project? Operation.
The development strategy of attracting phoenix by nesting, adopting? Introduction, cooperation and mutual benefit? Development concept, and e-commerce giants? Business project driven? Leading the development of rural e-commerce; Development area (county), township (town) and village? Three-level linkage leading cadres at all levels go deep into the front line, go deep into the countryside and carry out? Commercial project construction? Special investigation, determine the development projects suitable for local rural e-commerce, learn from the experience of rural e-commerce development in advanced areas, and take effective measures such as villagers' shareholding and village-enterprise co-construction to realize the driving effect of rural e-commerce development.
Third, the path requirements
1. Rural e-commerce planning.
Party committees and governments at all levels should attach great importance to the basic planning of rural e-commerce construction and development and strengthen rural infrastructure construction. It is necessary to formulate the "Implementation Opinions on Developing and Strengthening Rural E-commerce" as the main task of building a well-off society in an all-round way in rural areas, and clearly put forward the development goals of rural e-commerce in this region. A series of support policies have been introduced from the aspects of business project support, talent support and financial support for rural e-commerce. In the early stage, we adhered to the principle of local conditions and orderly development, boldly innovated the development path of rural e-commerce, built a number of rural e-commerce demonstration villages and star villages, and formed a good trend of strong villages with weak villages and * * * with development and growth.
2. The pressure from rural e-commerce.
Should grass-roots party committees and governments at all levels take the development and expansion of rural e-commerce as? Number one? Project, and as a project for party organizations at all levels to grasp grass-roots party building, is included in the important content of party building debriefing evaluation. County and village levels should sign a letter of responsibility for e-commerce development, decompose the objectives and tasks, put pressure on the secretary of rural party organizations, clarify their responsibilities, and improve their service ability and sense of responsibility. At the same time, the economic treatment of rural cadres should be linked to the development of rural e-commerce, and an incentive mechanism with consistent performance and reward should be established.
3. Typical driving force of rural e-commerce.
We should pay attention to selecting villages with different foundations, different models and different types, sum up and refine development experience, and promote the formation of a number of e-commerce demonstration villages and star projects. By organizing grassroots party building activities such as observation and training, and expanding the demonstration effect, the main leaders of party committees and governments at all levels should personally lead the team and organize the secretary of rural party organizations to observe and learn advanced.
Fourth, the mode requirements
1. Dig deep into characteristic advantages and establish an e-commerce model oriented to the development of characteristic resources.
Encourage farmers or absorb other funds to participate in cooperation, rationally develop characteristic resources or products within the scope of towns and villages, or rely on the development of enterprises to take advantage of existing industrial resources? Resource cooperation, village enterprises * * *? And through the external marketing of rural e-commerce platform, the advantages of rural resources will be transformed into the advantages of rural economic development. For example, the advantages of establishing an organic tea industrial base, an organic aquatic product breeding base, a green ecological planting base and an environmental protection processing base have all passed. Leading+farmers+base? E-commerce production, supply and marketing through-train sales model system, build a high-quality brand of rural characteristic resources, and promote rural economic development and farmers' income.
2. Capital aggregation and operation, and establish an e-commerce model combining relative capital.
Encourage village-level organizations or farmers to make use of the advantages of township agricultural products production and processing to gather foreign capital, establish localized e-commerce enterprises, turn resources into commodities, turn stocks into increments, make the best use of them, and turn waste into treasure, which not only revitalizes rural resources, but also promotes farmers' employment and ensures the accumulation and growth of the collective economy.
3. Make money from contracted land and establish an operating e-commerce model for the transfer of land management rights.
Carry out intensive management of farmers' contracted land to maximize the value of land use. By transferring centralized farmers' scattered contracted land, unifying external rent-seeking, and attracting powerful large-scale e-commerce enterprises to invest and start businesses as their agricultural and sideline products planting boutique bases, farmers can obtain dual benefits of circulation and labor services, and also expand the village collective economy.
4. Establish related industries and establish an e-commerce model driven by the real economy.
Encourage and support farmers or village-level organizations to set up industrial projects with local characteristics. Village collectives set up farmers' professional cooperatives and other production and operation enterprises or cooperative economic organizations through direct establishment or lead establishment, develop agricultural products industrialization projects, and develop e-commerce driven by the real economy.
5. Establish a developmental e-commerce model by relying on policies and measures.
Party committees and governments at district and county levels should introduce relevant policies to develop rural e-commerce, clarify specific policies and measures, strengthen the implementation of government departments' responsibilities, and vigorously implement rural e-commerce? Leading geese? Engineering? Pairing assistance project? 、? Entrepreneurship with wealth projects? 、? Precision poverty alleviation project? By analogy, conditional counties can set up rural e-commerce? Leading geese project fund? To further promote the construction of rural e-commerce and reward rural e-commerce enterprises with remarkable entrepreneurial achievements. While promoting the development of agricultural economy, township organizations and farmers should broaden the sales channels of agricultural and sideline products and give play to two different online and offline sales models.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) strategic requirements
1. Pilot first, demonstrate breakthroughs, make a good start, and lead the way first.
In order to prevent the construction of rural e-commerce from being fully rolled out with little effect, party committees and governments at all levels should persist in grasping it? Policy first, pilot the main line, create a demonstration and advance step by step? When choosing pilot projects, we should consider the balanced development factors of rural economy, not just the factors with development foundation. Potential village? And choose to have the resources for development? Empty shell village? What should e-commerce construction do? Should the fat one get fatter? And then what? Icing on the cake? The superposition effect of. Through pilot promotion and demonstration breakthrough, we will actively explore new modes of rural e-commerce construction and operation.
2. Complement each other's advantages, win-win cooperation, take a good step and take a steady road.
On the basis of full investigation, careful analysis, and grasping the advantages of resources, it is necessary to? Resource advantages are complementary, cooperation channels, investment funds and regulatory agencies remain unchanged? On the premise of actively establishing e-commerce economic entities according to law. At the initial stage of construction, you can choose projects with resource advantages, good development prospects and good economic benefits and rich leaders with good breeding technology and good capital base to become shareholders, and develop rural tourism and rural e-commerce characteristic breeding according to local conditions; Follow? Equity equality, benefit sharing, risk taking and accumulation? The principle of, through? Lend a chicken to lay eggs? 、? Build a nest and raise a phoenix? Promote the establishment of e-commerce enterprises, achieve diversified cooperation and win-win, and promote the development of rural e-commerce.
3. Scientific management, long-term incentives, strong supervision and long-term.
Rural e-commerce construction should be regarded as an important measure of rural economic development and included in the annual performance appraisal of government departments or township cadres. While attaching importance to the daily supervision of e-commerce enterprises, strengthen the service of leading cadres to rural e-commerce enterprises; Conscientiously implement the inspection and assessment mechanism, strictly honor rewards and punishments, establish a long-term incentive mechanism for the construction and development of rural e-commerce, at the same time strengthen regular and irregular guidance and services for the production, operation and financial management of rural e-commerce enterprises, intervene in time to help solve production and operation difficulties and potential financial security risks, effectively prevent and control related risks, and ensure the steady development of rural e-commerce.
The second part of e-commerce graduation thesis is "Thoughts on the development of Lijiang tourism enterprises under tourism e-commerce"
Abstract: China's economy has entered the new normal, and Lijiang's economic development is also facing the problem of the new normal. Economic development has slowed down, and the driving force for economic development has given way to private investment rather than government policy stimulus. Optimize the structure of economic development and bid farewell to the currency-driven economic development model. This is a challenge for Lijiang's economic development under the new normal. Tourism e-commerce is the inevitable trend of tourism enterprises in the future. Lijiang tourism enterprises are bound to face the problem of how to do e-commerce. In view of the many problems faced by the development of tourism e-commerce in China, Lijiang tourism e-commerce can be developed through the following strategies.
Keywords: tourism e-commerce; The new normal of economy; Tourism professional website; E-commerce personalized service
China's economy has entered the new normal, and Lijiang's economic development is also facing the problem of the new normal. Economic development has slowed down, and the driving force for economic development has given way to private investment rather than government policy stimulus. Optimize the structure of economic development and bid farewell to the currency-driven economic development model. This is a challenge for Lijiang's economic development under the new normal.
1 Lijiang's new economic normal
The starting point of Lijiang's economic development level is low, 1995, and the gross national product of Lijiang is only183.9 billion yuan, which is far behind other cities in China and ranks lower in Yunnan Province. From 200 1, Lijiang's economy began to develop rapidly, especially from 2003 to 20 13, which was the golden year of Lijiang's economic development, and the annual development speed exceeded double digits, making Lijiang's economy rise rapidly. The global financial crisis in 2008 did not directly affect the economic development of Lijiang. From 2008 to 2065438+03, Lijiang's economic development was still very dynamic. In 20 14, Lijiang's economic development encountered special difficulties. The annual economic development rate dropped to 4.6%, and Lijiang's economic development encountered a new normal. The original development momentum of 1 1 year was curbed, and Lijiang's economic development encountered difficulties in the new normal period.
2 Lijiang tourism has become the biggest driving force of Lijiang's economic development under the new economic normal.
In recent years, the growth rate of service industry is very fast. In 20 13, the proportion of service industry employees in China increased by 2.4%, which is unprecedented in history. The primary industry decreased by 2.2%, and the secondary industry decreased by 0.2%. If this trend continues, the proportion of employees in the tertiary industry will reach 50% in 5 to 10 years. Tourism should become a new growth point of service industry, and there is great room for growth. Promoting employment through tourism growth will play an important role in our economic growth. Under the new normal of tourism economy, it is an important starting point for economic development and has great potential for developing tourism. Our landscape and culture can be an important resource to attract tourists. According to the experience of developed countries, tourism consumption expenditure should account for about 1/4 of the total consumption expenditure. According to this standard, China has great potential for tourism development. Especially in Lijiang, as a pillar industry of Lijiang, Lijiang's tourism industry has developed rapidly since 200 1, with an average growth rate of more than 20%, and has maintained a growth rate of more than 30% since 20 1 1, ensuring the economic pillar of Lijiang. Even when Lijiang's economy was in trouble in 20 14, the tourism industry maintained a rapid development. In 20 14, the tourism industry received 266,385,438+million domestic and foreign tourists, up by 28.09% over the previous year, and the total tourism revenue was 37.879 billion yuan, up by 35.94% over the previous year. Among them, 2556 1.2 million domestic tourists were received, an increase of 29.10%; Domestic tourism revenue reached 35.384 billion yuan, an increase of 37.94%. Received overseas tourists10.77 million person-times, an increase of 8.05%; Foreign exchange income from tourism reached US$ 406 million, a year-on-year increase of 13.45%. It can be seen from the above data that in order to develop Lijiang economy under the new economic normal, we must first maintain the development momentum of Lijiang tourism and give priority to the development of Lijiang tourism. It is necessary to plan the overall layout of Lijiang tourism, optimize the construction of tourism infrastructure, promote the creation of global scenic spots, and promote the transformation of tourism from ticket economy to comprehensive industry.
3 Lijiang tourism enterprises in the future development of tourism e-commerce strategy
Tourism e-commerce is the inevitable trend of tourism enterprises in the future. Lijiang tourism enterprises are bound to face the problem of how to do e-commerce. In view of the many problems faced by the development of tourism e-commerce in China, Lijiang tourism e-commerce can be developed through the following strategies.
3. 1 Optimize the macro environment of tourism e-commerce with the support of the government
The government and tourism enterprises should mobilize all forces to form a macro environment suitable for the development of tourism e-commerce, provide hardware and software support for the development of tourism e-commerce, and especially strengthen the standardization and guidance of tourism business of enterprise websites and business websites. Construct the basic framework of tourism e-commerce projects, improve the overall level of tourism informatization, and realize online settlement and electronic transactions as soon as possible.
3.2 Accelerate the cultivation of compound talents suitable for Lijiang tourism e-commerce.
Because tourism e-commerce is the integration of tourism and e-commerce, only the compound talents with e-commerce and tourism knowledge can closely link the technical means, application functions and modes of e-commerce. Tourism departments and tourism colleges should conform to the requirements of the times, focus on cultivating three levels of tourism e-commerce talents, and be good at proposing business-oriented talents that meet business needs; Skilled in e-commerce technology, with sufficient tourism knowledge, and can be implemented and satisfied by the most effective e-commerce technology; Strategic talents who understand the overall situation, have forward-looking thinking, are familiar with the theory and application of tourism e-commerce, and can strategically analyze and grasp its development characteristics and trends.
3.3 Establish and maintain an authoritative and timely Lijiang tourism professional website.
Tourism enterprises should be highly integrated with the Internet and use network means and information technology to establish professional websites. First of all, large-scale tourism enterprises with financial and technical strength can be reorganized through capital operation to build an enterprise group with integrated operation of tourism enterprises and tourism websites. Secondly, those small tourism enterprises that don't have the strength to build special websites can make use of the high popularity and resource advantages of brand websites to conduct network operation. Due to the huge investment and maintenance cost of tourism e-commerce, it is difficult to build and maintain it by the strength of enterprises alone. For a long time, government websites are still the main carrier of tourism e-commerce in China, and the construction of government websites must be further strengthened.
3.4 the development of Lijiang tourism e-commerce personalized services
Service-oriented tourism e-commerce is faced with tourism consumption groups with diversified, subdivided and personalized needs. Developing services to meet various needs is very important for the survival and development of tourism e-commerce. Positioning the service target as an independent tourist group with flamboyant personality requires that tourism e-commerce must be compatible with tourism resources and carry out personalized services. Search and obtain personalized customer data and valuable market information through customer relationship management, and design unique tourism products and services accordingly. Or let tourists design their own travel routes and itineraries, and tourism companies provide tailor-made order services according to customer needs. This combination of network navigation and Internet services highlights the personalized, informational and modern atmosphere of tourism products.
refer to
Zhong Lina, Wu Bihu, Shao Juan. Maturity evaluation of portal websites of 5A-level tourist areas in China [J]. Journal of Tourism.2011(12)
[2] Liang Fangfang and Jiang Jinbo. Research on the evaluation index system of e-commerce maturity of tourism enterprises [J]. Jiangsu Business Theory.2011(09)
[3] Liu Yun. On cloud tourism [J]. Modernization of shopping centers. 20 12 (04)
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