Original Text and Translation of Wei's Chuzhou and Xixi
Chuzhouxigou
wei yingwu
dúLián yáu cáo Jiàn biān shng
Lonely and pitied by the quiet grass stream,
the Lantern Festival
There is an oriole singing in the tree.
Chen caodai y incarnation
The rain brought by the spring tide comes late and comes quickly.
Yang dewang
No one can cross this wild river.
The author background of Xixi Chuzhou.
Wei (737-792) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. Jingzhao Wannian (now Xi 'an, Shaanxi) people. Born in a famous family, he used to be a bodyguard of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, and later studied hard and became a famous poet. Wei's poems are mostly pastoral scenery, among which the five laws of ancient style are the most respected, and their style is simple and meaningful. Later generations called him and Liu Zongyuan "Liu Wei".
Annotation explanation
Chuzhou: In Chuxian County, Anhui Province, the poet was once a state secretariat.
Xijiang: A small stream in the western suburbs of Chuzhou City, named Mashanghe.
Solitude: love is the best, only love.
Spring tide: spring rain.
Wilderness Ferry: An unmanned ferry.
Horizontal: refers to floating at will.
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The lush grass beside the stream is particularly pleasing to the eye, and there are orioles singing tactfully in the dense forest. The rainy spring tide comes more rapidly in the evening, and there are no people in the wilderness, only empty boats.
Appreciation of the famous sentence-"No one can cross a boat when crossing the wild."
When the poet was an official in Chuzhou, he liked the quiet scenery of Xijiang River best and often went for a walk alone. The green grass on the shore and the orioles in the bushes are pleasing to the eye and make people linger. A sudden rainstorm made the rushing water that had been rising in spring more turbulent. The ferryman at the ferry went to shelter from the rain, and the boat was washed to the other side by the current. As far as the ship is concerned, the direction of crossing the other side is vertical, and the direction of current is horizontal. The boat was tied up and the current swept across the water. The poet used ordinary words, but because he captured a special scene, he painted a picture of a boat crossing the water. So it is particularly vivid. Judging from the description of the first two sentences in Xixi Chuzhou, the poet's mood is carefree, but the scenery in the last two sentences is a bit lonely.
Appreciation of Xixi Chuzhou
Wei Wuying, who lives in Chuzhou, lives by a secluded grass stream, and orioles sing in the trees. The spring tide brought the rain late and urgent, and there was no boat on the wild crossing.
Xixi Chuzhou is a famous landscape poem and one of Wei's representative works. This poem was written in the second year of Jianzhong in Tang Dezong (78 1), and the poet became the secretariat of Chuzhou. The Tang Dynasty ruled Chuzhou, which is now Chuxian County, Anhui Province, and Xijian was in the western suburbs of Chuzhou City. This poem is about a trip to Xijian in spring to enjoy the scenery and a trip in the evening rain. Poet Wei writes scenes with emotion, expresses his feelings by borrowing scenes, writes scenes he likes and dislikes, and talks about his favorable and unfavorable situations. But his inner peace and sadness naturally showed up. However, whether there is sustenance in poetry and what is its significance have been debated endlessly. Some people think that it is the thorn of "the gentleman is next, the villain is above"; Some people think that "there is no need to entrust the scenery of Xixi to this couple." In fact, each has its own bias.
In the first two sentences of Xixi Chuzhou, the poet only loves the solitary grass by the ravine, but inadvertently puts out the enchanting yellow singing in the deep mountains and forests for comparison. When the grass is poor and sober, and the oriole is tall and flattering, its metaphor for the official world is obvious, which clearly shows the poet's calm mentality. The last two sentences, the late tide and spring rain, the water is more urgent. The rural ferry, originally there were not many pedestrians, is even more deserted at the moment. So, even the boatman disappeared, and the empty ferry floated freely and carefree. Because the ferry is in the countryside, nobody cares. If you are in Jin Yao, the tide will rise in the evening rain, which is just the time when the ferry comes in handy. You can't be idle. Therefore, in this leisurely scene of water crossing the boat, there is a kind of helplessness and sadness that is not in place and not used. In the first two sentences and the last two sentences, the poet used the method of contrast, and emphasized it with such striking words as "pity", "urgency" and "horizontal", which should be said to be thought-provoking.
From this perspective, this poem is entrusted. However, why do poets have such sustenance?
In the early middle Tang Dynasty, Wei was an incorruptible poet and a good official who cared about people's livelihood. During his career as an official, he was "ill, thinking of his home in the country, embarrassed to get paid, and many people were idle" (To My Friends Li Dan and Yuan Xi), and he was often in the contradiction between being an official and retiring. He was worried about the political failure in the middle Tang Dynasty and felt guilty about the poverty of the people. He is unwilling to reform, but he is powerless to reform. He was in a dilemma and had to let nature take its course. Zhuangzi said: "Those who are smart and know are worried; Incompetent people want nothing but food and travel. If you don't tie the boat, you will do it in vain. " ("Zhuangzi Lieyukou") Wei has a deep understanding of this. He once made it clear that he is "a boat that does not bind his heart" ("since Gong Luozhou sailed into the Yellow River and sent friends to the county"), which shows that although he is worried about those who know, he is ashamed of his incompetence, so his official career is like a wanderer, doing nothing. In fact, Xixi Chuzhou is to express such a contradictory and helpless situation and mood. I want to retire, so I pity the grass alone; Do nothing, just kick down the ladder. Therefore, this poem reveals a calm mind and sad feelings.
It is true that it is good to say that it is popular, but it boils down to mocking "the gentleman is next and the villain is above", which is also rigid; To say that accidental scenery has no sustenance is to separate poetry from people and become superficial, which is not in line with the poet's original intention. Therefore, instead of appreciating strangeness, it is better to analyze doubts and learn from others.