& gt& gt20 14 Liaoning civil service exam answers 1. With the development of network and TV manufacturing industry, the global TV drama market has entered the "era of great navigation". Just click the mouse and you can see the same drama on the other side of the world. Audiences can sit at home and enjoy the ultimate experience of drama series. "Chasing drama" has become a lifestyle of urban white-collar workers.
As the most popular representative of American TV series in 20 14, House of Cards was greatly favored as soon as it was released, which caused a heated discussion among the whole people. Even US President Barack Obama is a big fan of House of Cards. Some viewers expressed their strong interest in American politics after watching House of Cards. I have a new understanding of rights and love, and even turned out books and movies about American political history in the past to watch. Participate in the discussion of this play.
The total export value of American movies and TV programs is $65.438+0.43 billion (2065.438+065.438+0 years), and they sell well in more than 654.38+000 countries. In 20 12, there were dozens of American TV series broadcast in France, among which more than 30 episodes had more than one million viewers, and Super Detective also became the TV series viewing champion of that year. In Germany, American TV plays are basically in a monopoly position, accounting for more than 90% of the broadcast share. 20 1 1 year, Korea also imported 122 TV series from the United States.
"The hot trend of global dramas such as American TV series House of Cards is obvious to all. They have indeed created the miracle of TV series' 24-hour global broadcast'." Mr. Liang, CEO of a British media in China, commented on this. Experts believe that the value of TV cultural products is increasingly prominent, and China should learn from it to improve the production level of TV dramas and strengthen the export capacity of cultural products.
The popularity of "House of Cards" does not affect that "You from the Stars" has earned more than 100 million eyeballs. Because the audience of the two TV series is clearly divided, there is a situation that they are released at the same time but "share the world equally". When You from the Stars was broadcast in South Korea, the network audience rating reached 68.9%.
It is no accident that American TV dramas and Korean TV dramas are popular all over the world. "It is audience-oriented, innovating the production and broadcasting mode of TV series, directly docking the market and accepting judgment. The new production mode has given the TV series a new life. " Professor Tang from the School of Journalism and Communication of S University believes that, unlike the traditional TV drama broadcast mode in China, most TV dramas in the United States are broadcast on a quarterly basis, usually only one episode per week is broadcast and filmed at the same time. Because there are not many TV platforms in the United States, less than 2000 episodes can be broadcast in prime time every season, so the competition is extremely fierce. In recent years, Korean dramas have also adopted the mode of shooting while broadcasting. "You from the Stars" broadcasts two episodes every week, and every time the series is updated online, it will trigger a download fever.
This open mode allows producers to fully feel the audience's attention to the series, and adjust the creative direction in time according to the weekly updated ratings and audience feedback. When the American TV series Prison Break aired in the first season, the audience rating was as high as 654.38+0.8 million. Sheldon, the hero of The Big Bang Theory, was created after several changes according to the feedback from the audience.
What is more noteworthy is that most of these hit dramas are of high standards and high investment, which ensures excellent quality. The mode of quarterly broadcast and weekly broadcast itself raises the production cost of TV series. However, the improvement of production team, script, director, actors and props has increased the shooting cost of hit dramas.
Compared with the production cost of $2 million per episode of Emmy winners such as Mad Men and Spartacus, the average production cost of "House of Cards" is nearly $4 million per episode, which greatly exceeds the general production standard. 20 1 1 the shooting cost of the first episode of the American TV series prehistoric times is close to 20 million dollars, even exceeding the investment cost of many movies.
Another feature of these hit dramas is that they are different from China's "Martial Arts Drama", "Qing Palace Drama" and "Masterpiece Drama", but they take reality as the theme and realistically describe the ups and downs in life, so as not to alienate the audience. In addition to sci-fi dramas, most American dramas strive for true content, and sometimes involve technical aspects, inviting consultants or related experts to operate them themselves. The "Big Bang Theory" crew even has a real "scientific consultant" who is responsible for the creation of the scientific part of the script.
The production and broadcasting of realistic TV series can fully reflect the marketization of TV series production process. Although You from the Stars contains sci-fi elements, the emotional progress of the characters and the fine tradition of respecting the old and caring for the young run through it, conveying the universal values of South Korea.
Professor Tang said that both American and Korean dramas convey the trend of value through simple daily life and dialogue. The revelation of possible emotional problems and life details in the play makes people feel authentic. If it is close to the cultural output in life, it is easy to be recognized by foreign audiences.
Under the background of the sharp increase in the production of domestic TV dramas, experts suggest that China should strengthen the product quality and actively explore the production of TV products that not only bear our cultural values, but also conform to the international mainstream "cultural experience" and "sensory structure".
2. At present, there is a deficit in cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries in China. The quantity and quality of China's excellent culture can't match the world, and foreign cultures flood into China. In order to reverse this deficit, some scholars have raised the issue of China's cultural export.
This problem is not accidental, but the inevitable outcome of China's opening to the outside world.
With the further improvement of China's opening to the outside world, people realize that the construction of contemporary culture in China should not only be "imported" but also "exported". Some scholars believe: "After the initial misappropriation and application, we must have our own creative output, otherwise this nation will lose its real spiritual vitality." "China's contemporary culture needs to further clarify its cultural spiritual growth point, so as to get out of the deficit of cultural exchange between China and the West, really start its own cultural creativity and move towards Chinese and Western cultures.
It has been 80 years since Lu Xun 1934 put forward "takenism" and now we put forward "cultural output". Scientific Outlook on Development asked us to adhere to the combination of "bringing in" and "exporting" in opening up. Expanding development space and enhancing development potential are not only the requirements of economic construction, but also suitable for cultural construction. In other words, our cultural construction should adhere to the combination of "takenism" and "cultural export".
Scholars have pointed out that although China's contemporary cultural construction is a great change from "takenism" to "cultural export", our cultural export should not be for export, but should occupy a place in the development of human culture. Just as we bring all the outstanding cultural achievements created by human beings, our cultural output must also export what is valuable to the healthy and upward development of human beings in China's contemporary culture. Our cultural output should be based on our original works, which can represent the national image of China, the image of China people and the image of China national culture. In the past, we also exported some cultural products and many excellent cultural products. Undeniably, some cultural products we export cater to the narrow needs of some people in the West, and they sell some backward and ugly things of China culture. This cultural export has damaged the national image of China, the image of China people and the image of China national culture. This is something we must resolutely oppose.
Therefore, in order to solve the "deficit" phenomenon in cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, China contemporary culture must create valuable cultural products in the process of trying to solve the existing conflicts. In this way, the Chinese nation can make its own unique contribution to the healthy and upward development of mankind. This "valuable cultural product" first contains China people's own values. Therefore, some scholars borrowed the words of former French President D 'Estaing: "China will not become a real big country until it can export its values."
In view of the viewpoint that some people put forward the idea of moving from cultural takenism to cultural export, some scholars have expressed their own views: first, less mention of "ism" tends to go to extremes; 2. Culturally, "bringing in" and "exporting" should be carried out simultaneously. Culturally, the equal exchange of seats should be interconnected, with one hand in and one hand out, and don't go forward without appearing. At present, no country is willing to do only import business without losing export business, and the same is true in culture, otherwise it will not meet the WTO agreement at all. "Bring it" took what we didn't have. And it is necessary: "bring it" is not a complete westernization, but an attempt to use it for me. "export" is not a "residual sale" that does not distinguish between good and bad. Cultural fake and inferior products should be put an end to export, and fake and inferior products are bound to be ruined and endless troubles will follow. Even China's excellent all-round culture, though very rich, needs modern interpretation to meet the needs of the modern world. The best embodiment of China's cultural soft power today should be the original cultural ideas, cultural thoughts and cultural products based on the integration of China and the West and reflecting the characteristics of the times. Therefore, in terms of what to export, what cultural products to create and how to export, we need to make a comprehensive plan and take action.
3. "How beautiful! Can you give it to me? "
"Oh my god, is this cut with scissors? It's amazing! "
This kind of praise, almost no grass phosphorus, everyone who sees high-definition red paper-cut will involuntarily exclaim!
The high-definition red in the crowd is no different from ordinary middle-aged women. But just give her a piece of paper. Holding a pair of scissors, she seems to have the magic power to turn decay into magic in an instant.
"I was born for paper cutting." Because of paper-cutting, the life track of HD Red is different from now on. As one of the three major processes of China folk paper-cutting, Guangling paper-cutting is characterized by color paper-cutting, and each work is shaped by more than 20 processes. It is a handmade work of art integrating painting, color and integration, and is known as "a unique folk art in China". In 2009, Guangling Paper-cut, as a part of China Paper-cut Declaration Project, was listed in the representative list of human intangible cultural heritage by UNESCO.
The channel through which Guangling paper-cut spread here. It is the sixth generation. Perhaps the green mountains and green waters gave her a clever mind. Perhaps it is her intelligence that makes her stand out. Since the age of 4, Gao Qinghong has forbidden grandma to learn to cut window grilles. At a young age, she has been able to skillfully complete the design independently.
Like many peers around her, after graduating from high school, Gao Qing Hong went to work, and the benefit of the cement plant in her county declined at 1996. She had to be fired. After returning home, she heard that Guangling Arts and Crafts Factory, the main creation and production base of Guangling paper-cutting, closed in the 1980s. The "paper-cut dream" buried for many years and attached to her heart suddenly germinated, so following the call of the dream, Qinghong Paper-cut Art Co., Ltd. came into being. As the leader of Guangling folk paper-cutting art, HD Red began to lead Guangling paper-cutting to the road of folk culture industrialization.
Starting from the window grilles that "wither in one year, flourish in another year, and the window grilles are older", Qinghong Company is getting bigger and bigger, and its level is getting higher and higher. Monochrome has become color, and folk has become a nation. HD Red's innovative "paper-cutting addition and subtraction" makes the composition jump on the paper, and the drawing power penetrates the back of the paper, which pushes the traditional Guangling paper-cutting art to a new stage of creation and is unique among many paper-cutting forms. It is understood that the multi-layer paper-cut in Guangling paper-cut can be cut to eight layers at present. This is also unique in the world. Among the people, the market value of many of her works has reached tens of thousands of yuan.
No longer the traditional Fulu Xi Shou and birds and beasts, the high-definition red paper-cut aims at a wider range of cultural classics: the Qingming Riverside Map, which lasts for several meters for half a year, vividly depicts the prosperous well test in the Northern Song Dynasty with exquisite knife-making art; The colorful drunken golden hairpin in the red chamber makes Cao Xueqin's classical twelve beauties vivid. In 20 13, when UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon received a paper-cut portrait gift created by Gao Qinghong, he was full of praise and repeatedly said, "It's amazing, more beautiful than myself."
The more beautiful the green and red paper-cuts, the more widely their works spread. At present, Guangling Qinghong Paper-cut Company has been designated as a "folk arts and crafts professional company" and a designated product production company, and has opened more than 65,438+00 halls and offices all over the country. Green and red paper-cut not only entered the Beijing Olympic Games and the Shanghai World Expo, but also entered the international stage with the opening up of China culture, and the youth realized the production capacity of150,000 yuan and exported it.
The products have gone abroad, and the high-definition red mind is in Guangling. "Chinese paper-cutting is a part of China folk culture, but the road to development has been difficult for many years. In order to protect traditional culture and give it new vitality, we took the form of "company+base+farmers" to lead tens of thousands of farmers in the county to engage in paper-cutting industry, and also established a paper-cutting industrial cultural park in Guangling County to awaken traditional culture with the power of the market. Gao Qinghong told reporters that not long ago, they cooperated with the International Ecological Security Cooperation Organization to train more than 10,000 paper-cutting talents. At the same time, they also set up a paper-cut folk art association, and cooperated with many international organizations to try to push China folk art to the international market. On July 20 13, Gao Qinghong led the paper-cut work The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival into the United Nations, which was highly praised by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and UNESCO Director-General irina bokova.
"Facts have proved that China's traditional culture can occupy a place in the market, but this road is not easy and the scale is relatively small, and the market recognition needs to be improved." HD Red calls on the society to pay more attention to folk culture and create more docking platforms between traditional culture and modern market. Only in this way can traditional culture really go to the market and carry forward.
4. In the United States, a large number of volunteer Chinese teachers play the role of cultural ambassadors in American campuses and communities, and Xiao Qiong, a senior high school teacher from Sichuan, is one of them. One year's teaching experience in America has left precious memories for her, her American students and even her "neighbors" in America.
Xiao Qiong teaches in a small town in Oklahoma and lives with an old couple. There is only one Wal-Mart in town. In the words of Gary, the host, "almost everyone in the town knows." This Sichuan girl will be recognized by local people every time she goes out, and many people will greet her in a friendly way.
In the final analysis, cultural exchange is the exchange of people and feelings. Xiao Qiong said that she lost her parents in the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, and it was hard for her to get over her grief for a long time. However, the care of the old American couple and the enthusiasm of the small town residents made her truly feel the true feelings of the world.
Like other Chinese teachers, Xiao Qiong has also equipped a "resource kit" to introduce China culture, from fairy tales, historical celebrities to classical works. However, in contact with children, she is a "resource package" for local people to understand China. "Do you also have a mobile phone?" "Is there a TV at home?" Behind the problem is American children's ignorance of China. Of course, while opening the "resource package", it is impossible to avoid the collision of values. "American teachers don't work overtime, China teachers love to work overtime", "China people love to save", and even Xiao Qiong's tears when he thinks of his family thousands of miles away make children and even adults truly feel the family concept of "China people", which brings understanding and appreciation after the collision.
"We think she is made in China." Gary told the reporter humorously, "If your country wants to send China cultural ambassador, it's right to choose Joan."
When journalists from all over the world ask, "What do you think of when you mention China culture?" Secula, a poor graduate student majoring in China-Africa relations in Luohua, a spring city on the equatorial border, told reporters: "Confucius, I will think of him. I have taken many classes on China-Africa relations. Whenever we come across an idea that we can't understand, we jokingly say,' This is the thought of Confucius'. Every time we look for arguments in the debate class, we will always find' Confucius said …'. There are also many sages in the West, but the sages in China seem to only know Confucius. "
At a food stall restaurant in Nairobi CBD, 28-year-old customer Bailey told reporters, "I learned about China culture through China people who work in Nairobi. I think if Kenyans want to understand China culture, the most important thing is the attitude of China people living here. I hope China people can communicate more with local people. The China government should also hold more exhibitions in Africa, such as food exhibitions and traditional costumes exhibitions, so that we can learn more about China culture. "
The reporter's deepest experience in the interview process is that in the global village of integration and mobility, everyone is the most distinctive "cultural business card" of a country. What you convey, the other party will feel. It seems like a huge project to enhance the soft power of China culture and expand the international influence of China culture, but it starts from the foot. To build a socialist cultural power, the government still needs to do a lot, and non-governmental exchanges and industry cooperation also need to evolve and upgrade.
Answer a request
1. The given data 1 introduces the successful cases of American and Korean dramas. Please summarize the experience we can learn from "given data 1". (15)
Requirements: comprehensive, accurate and concise, no more than 100 words.
Second, according to "given data 2", talk about your understanding of "cultural output". (20 points)
Requirements: comprehensive, accurate and general. No more than 250 words.
3. If you are an observer stationed in Guangling by a certain unit, please write a material entitled "Enlightenment from the success of HD Red" according to "Given Data 3" for the reference of leaders. (25 points)
Requirements:
(1) The content is concrete and practical;
(2) The purpose is clear and relevant to the theme;
(3) clear and general;
(4) No more than 500 words.
4. The underlined part of "given information 4" reads: "We think she is made in China." Please write an article on the topic of "Made in China as I Understand" in combination with your thinking about the given information and your understanding of this sentence. (40 points)
Requirements:
(1) Choose your own angle and have a clear thinking;
(2) Connecting with reality and not sticking to "given information";
(3) clear thinking and fluent language;
(4) The total number of words is 1000- 1200.