Female scientific and technological talents are an important part of the team of scientific and technological talents and a very important force in China's scientific and technological undertakings, which holds up half the sky of China's scientific and technological undertakings.

In July, 20021,the Ministry of Science and Technology, together with the All-China Women's Federation and other departments 12, issued "Several Measures to Support Female Scientific and Technological Talents to Play a Greater Role in Scientific and Technological Innovation", which is of great significance to further stimulate the innovative vitality of female scientific and technological talents, promote them to play a greater role in innovation-driven development, realize high-level scientific and technological self-reliance and build a world-class scientific and technological power.

Interpretation of civil service examination

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As Socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, female scientific and technological talents shoulder new missions and tasks. It is urgent to create a good development environment for female scientific and technological talents through systematic policy arrangements, guide the whole society to strongly support female scientific and technological talents to participate in scientific and technological innovation, and fully stimulate their enthusiasm, initiative and creativity.

[Cause analysis]

In recent years, the scale of female scientific and technological talents in China has gradually expanded, the structure has been continuously optimized, and their abilities have been significantly improved. They have made outstanding contributions in basic theory, applied technology and engineering practice, and fully demonstrated their own strength. But on the whole, the role of female scientific and technological talents in scientific and technological innovation has not been fully exerted.

First, there is still a shortage of high-level female scientific and technological talents. At present, women account for about 45.8% of China's scientific and technological workers, but with the improvement of professional and technical positions, the proportion of women has gradually declined, and there is a shortage of female scientific and technological leaders. Scissors difference? The phenomenon is more prominent.

Second, the career development of female scientific and technological talents still faces bottlenecks. In terms of funding for scientific research projects, the research data of the National Natural Science Foundation of China show that with the increase of project level and difficulty, the proportion of women receiving funding has obviously decreased. In the national science and technology plan projects, the proportion of female project leaders and project leaders also has great room for improvement. In terms of scientific and technological decision-making, female scientific and technological talents rarely participate in major national scientific and technological strategy consultation and scientific and technological policy formulation, and the proportion of female experts in various evaluation work such as national scientific and technological plan projects, national scientific and technological awards and national talent plans is still not high.

Third, the scientific research environment conducive to fertility needs to be improved. Female scientific and technological talents are faced with the dual pressures of work and family, and the practical problems such as the inability to guarantee the disposable scientific research time and the coincidence of the reproductive period and the rising period of career development have great influence on the career development of female scientific and technological talents. The lack of special policy support for female scientific and technological talents during pregnancy and lactation in the relevant assessment and post employment of scientific research units affects the continuity of female scientific and technological talents' career development. Supporting measures such as flexible working system, maternal and child room and child care service to support female scientific and technological talents during pregnancy and lactation need to be further improved.

[Countermeasures]

Supporting female scientific and technological talents to play a greater role in scientific and technological innovation is the common responsibility of the whole society. It requires the unremitting efforts of the majority of female scientific and technological workers themselves, as well as strengthening departmental coordination, mobilizing the enthusiasm of various innovative subjects and forming a joint effort.

The first is to cultivate high-level female scientific and technological talents. Efforts will be made to solve the obstacles faced by female scientific and technological talents in obtaining scientific and technological resources, participating in scientific and technological decision-making, international scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, scientific and academic networks, and the implementation of retirement policies for female scientific and technological talents with senior titles, so as to smooth the career development path for female scientific and technological talents.

Second, vigorously support the innovation and entrepreneurship of female scientific and technological talents. Should it be carried out in a down-to-earth manner? The role of scientific and technological innovation? Support female scientific and technological talents to engage in high-quality development, increase support for female scientific and technological entrepreneurs, and train more female scientific and technological entrepreneurs.

The third is to improve the evaluation and incentive mechanism for female scientific and technological talents. Arrange for female scientific and technological talents to be selected into the national high-level talent plan, co-elect academicians of the two academies, increase incentives for female scientific and technological talents, establish an evaluation mechanism conducive to the development of female scientific and technological talents, and encourage female scientific and technological talents to seize development opportunities and pursue Excellence.

The fourth is to support the scientific research work of female scientific and technological talents during pregnancy and lactation. In view of the reality that female scientific and technological talents bear the pressure of family and childbirth, we can help female scientific and technological talents not to interrupt their scientific research career because of pregnancy and breastfeeding by setting up a female scientific research return fund, extending the evaluation period and implementing a flexible working system, thus effectively solving their worries.

The fifth is to strengthen the training of female reserve scientific and technological talents. According to the different stages of student groups, we should promote gender equality in the field of science and technology education, encourage female students to participate in science and technology competitions, and set up scholarships for outstanding female students in science and engineering, encourage the majority of female students to grow into talents, and guide more female students to choose scientific research as their lifelong career.

Sixth, strengthen the basic work of female scientific and technological talents. All levels and types of scientific and technological innovation planning and related policy formulation should fully consider gender differences and women's special needs, and should be specially deployed if conditions permit; It is necessary to study the establishment of a data index system for female scientific and technological talents, which should be included in the national scientific and technological statistics for sustainable development? Technology and gender? This study provides support for further improving the policy of female scientific and technological talents.