To this end, he jokingly wrote on his blog-"This is indeed a terrible summer". Indeed, in the past few months, merchants and babies have brought out the best in each other, and the summer action of gathering eyes with the help of the World Cup has already been overwhelming.
Scholars say that although these are only commercial activities in China, they can be interpreted as by-products of the increasingly globalized World Cup. They said, "Maybe the topic of globalization is too grand, but the World Cup will definitely be a window to prove where we started and where we can go."
"This is just another carnival." Outside the World Cup, China fans prefer to enjoy the World Cup without any distractions, but thousands of miles away, a die-hard British fan who came to Germany early doesn't think so.
"Who said that football has no borders?" He declared war on the world in front of the camera. "The British team is the best! We must win the championship in front of the German family! Kill them! ! "
The global flow of football capital has erased national boundaries and promoted the globalization of football industry with clubs as the core system. However, in an era of globalization in which national boundaries have disappeared through fierce national team battles and high national flags, the World Cup has re-released regional elements based on culture and nationality.
At 0: 00 on June 10, Beijing time, the summer of the World Cup officially began. This summer, the World Cup is not a pure fan festival-through this special window, the pace of globalization is being re-understood and listened to by people all over the world with the help of different carriers and means of communication.
The disappearing border: the flowing football capital
Young Diego crossed the border with his father in the dark, smuggled from Mexico to the United States, and was taken to Newcastle, the top club in England, for trial training. After suffering, he finally became a professional player with both fame and fortune. A few months ago, the football story of such a bottom immigrant described in the movie "One Ball Becomes Famous" swept the world.
This is just a copy and amplification of the dream of more third world street football players-entering the professional football nuggets through scouts distributed in all corners of the world by top European clubs. Such a chain embodies the globalization characteristics of the football industry, especially the globalization of labor operation.
Page (abbreviation of page) Boniface, director of the French Institute of International Relations and Strategy, pointed out that the movement of European players within the EU and the potential players from Africa, Asia and South America playing in Europe are two important tracks of the global movement of players.
Because of their colonial history and immigration policies, these countries naturally maintain close ties with the suzerain countries of old Europe.
The data also confirms this-in this World Cup, 23 players from C? te d 'Ivoire and Togo in Africa played for foreign teams. 2 1 player is in Brazil, and 20 players play for foreign teams in Argentina.
Therefore, Branko Milanovic, an economist at the World Bank, said that football may be the most global profession-including not only players, but also coaches. This globalization of labor services has broken many country-based borders.
In economists' research, because Belgian player bosman successfully challenged the rule that a club can't have more than two foreign players in a single game, in the field of football industry, just like what happened in other economic fields, the liberalization of rules began to show the power of capital.
Clubs are the core of the modern football industry, and the richest clubs can freely hire the best players from any country-this has created superstars such as Real Madrid and Chelsea and their various titles.
This is just the beginning of the story of rebuilding the global football industry under the magic of football capital-rich people with huge assets began to buy clubs. Like other industrial fields, monopoly and inequality have become the new focus of debate.
"I hate G 14 clubs of European giants, and I also hate bosses who win by money." Although British fans loyal to the local traditional club culture expressed their anxiety, the rich came anyway.
The clubs listed in Russian Abramovich's suspect list include Chelsea, CSKA Moscow, Eindhoven, Porto, Benfica and Corinti 'an in South America. The blueprint of the global football empire supported by oil capital directly triggered the investigation of FIFA and UEFA-antitrust, which also happened in the field of football.
"This is the same as the domestic capital tycoon." Domestic fans are no strangers to this story-in the Super League, the existence of Shide Department once made the regulatory authorities have a headache. Similarly, Real Madrid took a stake in Beijing Guoan Club, and the British Association acquired Chengdu Wuniu Club. The vertical and horizontal development of these international football capitals in China has become a remarkable phenomenon.
However, globalization has left people with more than the impression that capital powers monopolize global resources. Globalization and Goals: Does Football Point the Way? ) It is believed that the mobility and global allocation of club players' resources have led some weak football countries to challenge the traditional football powers with faster progress, so the World Cup has produced more and more "dark horses"-economists say that this, like the global manufacturing capital transfer, has directly brought about the leap-forward development of China.
This is undoubtedly the positive impact brought by the globalization of football-the data shows that the average gap between the top eight national teams in the World Cup has steadily narrowed, from 1.5 in the 1960s and 1980s to 0.88 in the 2002 World Cup.
Rebuilding the border: the competition of nation-states on the sports field
"How did you feel when Real Madrid played French teammate Qi Dan in the World Cup?" "Of course, I will try my best to serve my country and will not show mercy."
This kind of question and answer is not only a superstar like Beckham, but almost every star who plays for an international club will be asked the same question by the media, and the answers tend to be consistent.
Anthropologists say that behind this question and answer is the change of players' identity-from identifying with club jerseys to wearing national team jerseys, which awakens the national consciousness precipitated in players' hearts. Football language has no national boundaries, but its way of speaking has always had obvious emotional colors-these colors are firmly rooted in the national history and culture and transformed into personal identity, which will not be diluted because of the globalization of football. On the contrary, how to deal with the test of multiculturalism and nationality under globalization has become a new topic.
As a four-year competition venue for nation-states in the world, the World Cup has strengthened the disappearing boundary under the club system. The feud between Britain and Germany, France and Argentina, and the 80-year struggle between Germany and the Netherlands have all become the focus of the history of the World Cup.
1986, Argentina eliminated Britain with the help of the "hand of God" and finally won the cup, which reversed the revenge of the defeat of Falklands War on the football field. Sociologists and anthropologists regarded football as a classic case of releasing and balancing the contradictions between nation and country. Football field was regarded as a "theater", and the game inherited political and historical grievances with unified sports rules, and finally became an active carrier of globalization.
Not only the World Cup, but also the globalization of football has shown a test of global multiculturalism and nationality at the club level.
Football researchers in China say that football is played in a relatively closed situation, and the players participating in the game come from different social regions. They represent different levels of social groups-and the consciousness represented by these social groups fully reflects the conflict and running-in of social culture-and once again return to a game and a sport. They are faced with a unified rule: in the field of football, this rule is a competition rule, while in the social field, it is global.
This can't help but remind people of the controversy that happened in England: in 2002, in a game in the English Premier League, Arsenal didn't have a native English player in the starting lineup-even though it is recognized as the most open-minded top football league, Arsenal's move caused an uproar in England. In addition, racial discrimination in the Premier League has always been a headache for the FA.
At that time, it was commented that in the face of globalization, although there was nothing to resist-in the commercial field before, now, it is in the football field-the conflict between culture and nationality was not fade away.
Power of the Party: Business Opportunities for the Feast of Globalization
On June 6th, a celebrity World Cup team recruited by a domestic website arrived in Germany. As a public relations activity, this website has carried out a lot of publicity, but among the fans, this kind of business behavior has been criticized a lot-in the eyes of fans, it is simply "nonsense" to let a group of people who don't know football at all participate in this top-level competition.
However, in the definition of the German World Cup Organizing Committee, the emergence of this pan-football crowd is precisely their key goal: in the previous public promotion activities, the German Organizing Committee was more inclined to emphasize that this was a collective festival of mankind.
This is of course the organizer's good wish, but what is not clearly expressed is the huge economic effect that the World Cup may bring to Germany. Some German economists predict that because of this World Cup, the global economy will grow by 0. 1%, while the German economy will grow by 0.6%.
This will remind people of the "moderns of Germany" in the last century-Germany 1954 won the World Cup, which opened a legendary era of German economic growth. It not only became the beginning of Germany's economic miracle after World War II, but also was called "the moment when the Federal Republic of Germany was really born".
A scholar from the Economic Research Office of Beijing Sport University said that the four-year migration of football population not only brings intensive economic pull, but also helps people from different regions and races to integrate.
According to the prediction of the World Cup organization in Germany, about 3 million foreigners are expected to flood into Germany in this World Cup. Previously, the Italy 1990 World Cup triggered the first large-scale population movement in the history of modern football-more than 100,000 fans from all over the world not only filled the streets of Italy during the one-month competition, but their consumption behavior even boosted the economic growth of neighboring countries in Italy.
World Bank officials said that with the successful start of European economic integration, we can "place high hopes on the 2006 World Cup, which may play an accelerator role in economy and geopolitics".
According to Deloitte's statistics, assuming that Britain can enter the top four, it will bring 654.38+0.25 billion pounds of growth to the British economy. In other words, the value of seven matches in this World Cup in England is $65.438+0.8 billion at the current exchange rate.
According to the statistics of the British Independent, in the past three World Cup champions-Brazil in 2002, France in 1998 and Brazil in 1994, 10% of their economic growth in the past ten years is directly related to winning the World Cup.
"In today's globalization, sports bring not only the improvement of infrastructure, economic growth, but also the establishment and display of international image to this country." German economists say that 52 years later, the World Cup will once again promote globalization.