Through mutual assistance and cooperation, rural areas in China have established the basic economic system of collective ownership, established a brand-new production relationship, and promoted the development of social productive forces and the overall progress of rural areas in China. After the land reform, the socialist collective ownership of land has been established, which has become the direct driving force to promote the development of rural productivity and agricultural production. According to statistics, from 1953 to 1956, China's total agricultural output value increased by 4 18% annually. During the period of 1956, agriculture suffered serious natural disasters, and the total output value still increased by 4 19%, of which the grain output ratio increased by 4 14%, and the output of rice, wheat, potato, flue-cured tobacco and tea all exceeded the last year of the first five-year plan, that is,/kl.

Through mutual assistance and cooperation, China's agriculture has achieved long-term stability and laid the foundation of the national economic system. Mao Zedong proposed that the order of developing the national economy should be reversed and changed to agriculture, light and heavy, thus forming an industrialization road based on agriculture, emphasizing agriculture and light industry and developing heavy industry, which is suitable for China's national conditions. Later, the course of industrialization development in China proved that the agricultural mutual assistance and cooperation in 1950s and 1960s not only provided sufficient funds and raw materials for industrialization, but also opened up a broad market for industrialization.

Through mutual assistance and cooperation, a brand-new socialist system has been established in the vast rural areas, laying the institutional foundation for "all progress and development" in rural areas of China. The proportion of socialist cooperative economy has greatly increased, the proportion of individual economy has greatly decreased, and the socialist public ownership economy occupies a major position in the whole rural economy.