Three structures of thesis writing;
The first and fifth segments are divided into three equal parts.
This article structure is the most common and easy to master, but it is also the easiest to repeat in some aspects. Of course, in terms of nature, some experts call this structure a "political essay" or a "policy essay". In fact, there is no fixed method in the article. On the one hand, we use different structures because we express them in different ways, and on the other hand, we want examiners to understand our writing intentions more intuitively and clearly. You can refer to the paragraph distribution of this structure:
The first paragraph, at the beginning, leads to the general argument; In the second to fourth paragraphs, three sub-arguments can be developed around the general argument; The fifth paragraph, the conclusion, summarizes the full text and points out the general argument again. It should be noted that the expression of each sub-argument must be concise and detailed. The so-called refinement is to be specific to the subject or means; The so-called conciseness means that a paragraph sentence cannot be easily expressed by more than one line.
Second, the positive and negative contrast
The biggest feature of this article is its clear structure and rigorous argumentation. The deficiency is that some materials provide insufficient materials, which need our daily accumulation to expand the content of the article. You can refer to the paragraph distribution of this structure:
The first paragraph, at the beginning, leads to the general argument; The second paragraph, give a positive case and simply analyze the significance of the case; In the third paragraph, give a negative example and briefly analyze the harm or influence that the case can reflect; The fourth and fifth paragraphs can be implemented with reference to the second and third paragraphs; The sixth paragraph, the end, summarizes the full text and points out the general argument and theme again.
It should be noted that when using this structure, the cited cases must be clearly stated in the topic paragraphs, which requires not only a certain accumulation of knowledge materials, but also just the right ability to express words.
Third, the relational demonstration formula
The biggest advantage of this structure is that it can grasp and explain the core relationship involved in materials or themes, and can demonstrate the importance of themes or solve problems through two necessary factors. The disadvantage is that if there is a mistake in the core relationship between the two, the failure is irreversible and the risk coefficient is relatively large. You can refer to the paragraph distribution of this structure:
The first paragraph, at the beginning, summarizes the material or the theme of the material, and leads to the core relationship (decisive relationship and mutual influence relationship). Paragraphs 2 to 6 explain three to five aspects of their relationship. The seventh paragraph, the end, explains the relationship between them again and points out the general argument and theme of the article.
It should be noted that the number of intermediate argument materials and the number of words required for the article directly determine the number of paragraphs in the main paragraph. I suggest you write an article of 800- 1000 words with three main paragraphs in the middle. When writing an article of 1000- 1200 words, write five main paragraphs in the middle. The structure of this article is reasonable.
Of course, in the process of conquering applied disciplines, theory is only a very basic element. If you want to get a high score in composition and undergraduate course, you still need a lot of accumulation and repeated practice in your daily life.
Extended content:
The idea of argumentative writing can be summarized as follows:
Some things, talked about in isolation, are easy to be boring. If we expand the association, we can think of another thing related to this thing, highlight the characteristics of things, and explore the essence of things in their mutual connection. This will not only make the discussion deeper, but also make the thinking lively and open.
In addition to ancient and modern associations, we can also carry out similar associations (with similar characteristics or essence), comparative associations (with opposite nature), causal associations, chain associations and so on.
Seeing more abstract topics, it is difficult to discuss them in general terms. At this time, we can consider classifying the things to be discussed.
For example, the word "friendship" is no stranger to us, but it is difficult to discuss it in depth. At this time, we can classify different types of friendship, which can open our minds.
Friendship, according to different times, can be divided into Boya playing the piano and Taoyuan Jieyi, which reflect feudal ethics; The friendship of capitalist society with "Christian fraternity"; The revolutionary friendship of the proletariat is represented by Marx and Engels.
According to different purposes, it can be divided into friendship that benefits one or more people and friendship that benefits class, country and nation.
According to different nature, it can be divided into friendship established by mutual understanding in the struggle; In the process of eating, drinking and having fun together, we blow and pat each other to establish a "friendship."
According to different contents, it can be divided into friendships that help you when your work is frustrated and comfort you when your life is troubled; Give you a "friendship" when you are smooth sailing, and applaud you when you are complacent; Friendship of "sharing weal and woe, sharing life and death"; The "friendship" of "the advantage lies in fighting (stealing) and the bitterness lies in leaning (sinking)"; A friendship between gentlemen is as light as water; The friendship between villains is eloquent. ...
With classification, the content available for discussion suddenly enriched a lot. Classification not only opens your mind, but also allows you to see the depth of the problem. It can be seen that classification is a way to understand the essence of things from different angles and concretize those abstract topics.
It is a way of thinking in a distorted way by adding other ingredients to the topic. Some concepts are abstract, and if we only talk about this concept, it is easy to make the discussion vague and not in-depth. At this time, we can consider adopting the method of "step by step" to narrow the scope of discussion and make the article more and more in-depth.
Layering method can be divided into two ways:
One is to add attributes. With more and more attributes of the topic, the ideas of the article will continue to develop, and the scope of discussion will continue to focus on a smaller scope. For example, on the topic of "Talking about Struggle", we can talk about "Struggle" in general on the first floor, "Youth Struggle" on the second floor, and "Youth Struggle in China in the 20th century" on the third floor.
Another way is to expand the content of the topic and concretize an abstract topic, thus making the article more open-minded and comprehensive. For example, on the topic of learning, we can talk about "the purpose of learning" first, and then talk about "the interest in learning"; Talk about "the law of learning" again; Finally, talk about "learning methods" and so on.
Note that when using the hierarchical method, the argument should not be shifted in the first case, and the concept after adding elements in the second case can only be used as a sub-argument, so as not to cause the argument to be not concentrated.
That is, in the process of argument, the argument is clarified and explained, and the content of the proof argument contained in the argument is revealed more vividly and fully. We can open our minds in this way.
For example, Deng Tuo's "Don't Keep a Secret" quotes a sentence from Chen Shan of the Southern Song Dynasty in "A New Story of Ammonium Tick" to demonstrate that reading can't turn to "Secret" and you must rely on your own efforts:
"Read in and out. When you start, you should look for it, and then you should look for it. See xian Si Qi, this into calligraphy; Very useful. It's calligraphy. I can't get into the book, I don't know the intentions of the ancients; If you can't publish a book, you will die in words. Only when you know what you know, you have to do your best to study. "