In this situation, large-scale innovation and technological change will be an effective way to solve agricultural problems and promote agricultural modernization. At present, how to improve productivity through artificial intelligence technology has become a research and application hotspot in the agricultural field.
(A) Intelligent agriculture under the blessing of science and technology
Traditional agricultural technology will cause problems such as waste of water resources and excessive use of pesticides, which not only has high cost and low benefit, but also can not effectively guarantee the quality of products, and will also cause soil and environmental pollution. With the help of artificial intelligence technology, farmers will be able to achieve accurate sowing and reasonable irrigation of water and fertilizer, thus achieving low consumption and high efficiency of agricultural production and high quality and high yield of agricultural products.
Provide scientific guidance. The application of artificial intelligence technology to analysis and evaluation can scientifically guide farmers to make prenatal preparation, realize the functions of soil composition and fertility analysis, irrigation water supply and demand analysis, seed quality identification and so on, scientifically and rationally allocate production factors such as soil, water source and seeds, and effectively guarantee the smooth development of subsequent agricultural production.
Improve production efficiency. Using artificial intelligence technology in the middle stage of agricultural production can help farmers plant crops more scientifically, manage farmland more reasonably and effectively improve crop yield and agricultural production efficiency. Promote the transformation of agricultural production to mechanization, automation and standardization, and accelerate the process of agricultural modernization.
Realize intelligent sorting of agricultural products. Applying machine vision recognition technology to agricultural product sorting machinery can automatically identify, detect and grade the appearance quality of agricultural products, and its detection and recognition rate is much higher than that of human vision. It has the characteristics of high speed, large amount of information and multiple functions, and can detect multiple indicators at one time.
(B) the application status of artificial intelligence in agriculture
At present, artificial intelligence technology is becoming a powerful driving force to change agricultural production mode and promote agricultural supply-side reform, and has been widely used in various agricultural scenarios. For example, intelligent robots such as farming, sowing and picking, intelligent identification systems such as soil analysis, seed analysis and pest analysis, and intelligent wear products for livestock and poultry. The wide application of these applications can effectively improve agricultural output and efficiency, while reducing the use of pesticides and fertilizers.
IntelinAir company carries out fertility analysis on soil photos.
Analysis of soil composition and fertility. Analysis of soil composition and fertility is one of the most important tasks in the prenatal stage of agriculture, and it is also an important prerequisite for quantitative fertilization, selection of suitable crops and analysis of economic benefits. The correlation model between soil characteristics and suitable crop varieties can be established by detecting soil with non-invasive ground penetrating radar imaging technology and analyzing soil conditions with artificial intelligence technology.
For example, IntelinAir developed a drone, which takes pictures of soil through similar nuclear magnetic resonance imaging technology, determines soil fertility through intelligent analysis, and accurately judges crops suitable for planting.
Supply and demand analysis of irrigation water. Intelligent irrigation control system based on artificial intelligence technology integrates expert system technology, automatic control technology, communication technology and sensor technology, which can monitor soil moisture in real time, analyze the supply and demand of irrigation water according to the detected climate index and local hydrometeorological observation data, and choose the best irrigation planning strategy.
Seed quality identification. As one of the most important means of production in agricultural production, the quality of seeds is directly related to the yield and production efficiency of crops. Using nondestructive methods such as image analysis technology and neural network to detect the species, purity and safety of crop seeds can effectively control and improve the quality of agricultural products.
Agricultural expert system. Agricultural expert system is an intelligent computer program system with a large number of experts' knowledge and experience in agricultural field, which can simulate the thinking of agricultural experts and solve problems in agricultural field. Agricultural expert system can analyze the data in the field of agricultural production and get the solutions to the problems that may be encountered in various stages of agricultural production in time.
Electronic wearable devices on cows.
Animal and plant health monitoring. For example, Connecterra is a Dutch agricultural technology company that mainly develops and produces electronic wearable devices for cows. These devices have built-in multiple sensors, and the supporting analysis software integrates machine learning technology. Software and hardware cooperate with each other to monitor the health status of livestock in real time. By learning the behavior patterns of dairy cows through wearable sensors, dairy farmers can also notice possible problems earlier, such as cow limping or indigestion, and get suggestions. With the help of this information, the dairy production of Connecterra's customer farms has increased by 30%.
Apple picking robots of robot companies abound.
Intelligent robots such as sowing, farming and harvesting. Artificial intelligence technology is widely used in various scenes such as sowing, farming and picking in agricultural production, which greatly innovates agricultural production methods and improves production efficiency. Probio ant Robotics has developed an apple picking robot, which takes pictures of fruit trees through a camera, uses binocular stereo vision, picture recognition and other technologies to locate and judge the maturity of the fruits, and then uses robot precise control technology to carry out nondestructive picking on the fruits, with the picking speed as high as one per second.
Weed control. Relying on excellent sensor technology and image recognition function, Blue River Technology Company developed a robot named See&Spray to help control weeds in cotton fields. It relies on computer vision and machine learning to judge whether crops or weeds are ahead. Even if the target is only the size of a stamp, it can be accurately identified. Once it is determined that it is not a crop, the robot will control the nozzle to avoid corrosion of cotton.
Accurate spraying and nozzles can help prevent weeds from developing herbicide resistance and reduce the use of herbicides by up to 90%. This not only improves the weeding efficiency and helps farmers to stabilize their income, but also protects crops and the environment by reducing the use of chemicals.
Seeding and spraying robot for weed control
Intelligent greenhouse system. Intelligent greenhouse system has been widely and deeply applied in western developed countries. For example, at present, about 85% of greenhouses in the Netherlands are controlled by computers. In Germany, 3S technology (geographic information system GIS, global positioning system GPS, remote sensing technology RS) has been successfully applied to greenhouse control and management.
Through various sensors installed in the greenhouse, data such as soil humidity, soil humidity, air humidity, air temperature, light intensity and plant nutrient content can be monitored in real time, and these collected data can be analyzed and processed by artificial intelligence system to simulate the most suitable environment for crop growth in the greenhouse, and then the water supply system, heating device, humidifying device, insect-proof device, roller shutter device, sunshade device and fertilization system can be automatically controlled remotely, thus improving the crop growth environment in the greenhouse.
This article comes from "Artificial Intelligence Reader" published by People's Publishing House.