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How did sea power affect the rise and fall of China in these two thousand years?
The finiteness of resources and the infinity of demand are a pair of contradictions that human society has to face. With the increasing population and the depletion of resources in the world, the international community has turned its attention to the ocean and formulated a marine strategy in order to rely on the ocean to maintain its sustainable development. At the same time, conflicts and frictions at sea come and go, and conflicts between the two sides will be tense at any time. Because everyone knows that whoever controls the ocean controls the global wealth. Without sea power in the present era, the survival and development of the country will be greatly challenged.

Key words: sea power, which maintains the rise and fall of China. 1. China's sea power.

China has a long coastline of 1.84 million kilometers and an exclusive sea area of more than 3 million square kilometers. There are many natural ports and coastal islands. There is no doubt that China is a maritime country. However, the economic structure based on agriculture for thousands of years has made the Chinese nation an out-and-out mainland nation. Facing this piece of Wang Yang sea in the east of China, Dr. Sun Yat-sen once lamented "asking about the sea power in East Asia" and warned future generations: "Only the future Pacific issue will really affect the survival of our Chinese nation and the destiny of our country". In order to establish China's "sea power", Mao Zedong founded the People's Navy and issued the call that "in order to oppose imperialist aggression, we must build a strong navy". This shows the importance of the ocean. Now, China is faced with the severe task of reunifying the motherland and recovering sovereign islands, because the division of the two sides of the Taiwan Province Strait affects the maintenance of maritime security and the expansion of sea power, which is not only a major historical mission that the China government must shoulder, but also an important part of China's defense of national sea power. Nansha Islands originally belonged to China, but more than 40 islands and reefs in Nansha Islands were illegally occupied by other neighboring countries, of which 29 were occupied by Viet Nam. China actually controls only a few islands and reefs. China and Japan are still in dispute over the demarcation of the East China Sea and Diaoyu Islands. With the unresolved disputes in the East China Sea, the serious damage to the sovereignty of the Diaoyu Islands and the surging South China Sea, foreign powers have frequently stepped up their intervention in maritime affairs around China, and almost every inch of China's coastal land is facing a crisis. At the same time, with the establishment of China's export-oriented economic model, the concept of national security will have a qualitative change, which will inevitably expand from China to foreign countries. China's security strategy must attach great importance to the position and role of sea power in national security. China's sea power was born with China's sovereignty, but China's efforts to defend and strengthen China's sea power have just begun. The problem of sea power has become an urgent problem in China. China's transformation from land power to sea power is a historical necessity. Therefore, it is the inevitable trend of China's development to strengthen the body by the sea, rejuvenate the country by the sea and build a maritime power.

China without sea power will be China without future. (1) Safeguarding sea power means safeguarding national sovereignty and territorial integrity. China's maritime rights are subordinate to China's sovereignty, including the peaceful reunification of the motherland and the recovery of sovereign islands. Sovereignty is the foundation of a country's existence and development and the most basic and important right of a country. Territorial integrity is an important part of national sovereignty. At present, China is a country that has not yet been unified. These areas are mostly concentrated in the eastern coastal areas, and their strategic position is particularly important. If China loses its maritime rights and interests in these areas, its sovereignty and territorial integrity will be destroyed, and the Chinese nation will be humiliated, even less ashamed to give an account to future generations. Once the sea power cannot be mastered, it will also lead to the rampant separatist forces of other ethnic groups and further threaten national sovereignty. During his tenure as the regional leader of Taiwan Province Province, Chen Shui-bian clamored for "one country on each side" and introduced a large number of offensive weapons from the United States, which led to a sudden warming of the situation in the Taiwan Strait. At this time, "Tibet independence" and "Xinjiang independence" are also eager to move, echoing each other from abroad and planning a big one at home.

Large-scale violent crime. One of the important reasons why these forces are unscrupulous is that Chinese mainland has not completely controlled Taiwan Province Province, focusing on the "Taiwan independence" forces, thus giving them the opportunity to carry out intrigues. This has also seriously hindered the people of China from realizing the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland, and the road for China to safeguard its national sovereignty and territorial integrity will be long. It can be seen that whether China can truly stand among the nations in the world depends to a great extent on whether China can safeguard its sea power and become a maritime power. (2) China's sea power is related to the interests and security of many countries in China.

Taiwan Province Province is located in the Pacific Northwest, and its strategic importance is self-evident. However, due to many reasons such as history, China's national defense security has been greatly threatened and its national interests have also suffered losses. The Taiwan military deployed a large number of missiles, aimed at the main strategic areas of the motherland, imported large-scale weapons and equipment, such as F 16, Mirage -2000 and other extremely offensive weapons, and even wooed foreign forces to use them as chess pieces to collect military intelligence of the PLA, making it difficult for the PLA to move forward. Once China realizes the great cause of peaceful reunification, the sea power of Taiwan Province Province will be firmly in its own hands, which will surely solve this threat. Because Taiwan Province Province is like a fixed super aircraft carrier, it can greatly enhance the ocean-going combat capability of China's army, expand the defense scope, help the PLA break through the blockade of the first island chain, and put the battlefield in the ocean-going area, instead of luring the enemy deeper and reducing the war losses. However, recently, the dispute over sea power of islands in the East China Sea has gradually intensified, and China and Japan have fought fiercely over the sovereignty of Diaoyu Islands. Why did the Japanese go to so much trouble to steal the Diaoyu Islands? The reason is still sea power. Once Japan successfully steals the sea control right of Diaoyu Island, all the nearby oil and gas resources, such as Xiao Chun oil and gas, will be owned by Japan, and the nearby waters will also be controlled by Japan. These consequences are unbearable for the China government. Although Diaoyu Island is small, if China can't completely control it, it will definitely reduce its strategic defense zone, suffer from island chain blockade and reduce its ocean-going combat capability. When the war breaks out, it will burn to Chinese mainland, and the losses will be very heavy. Another sea power issue of China is the South China Sea issue. The South China Sea issue is accompanied by the globalization of the world economy and the contradiction between resources and development. In the1950s and1960s, South China Sea countries did not dispute China's sovereignty in the South China Sea. However, with the development of world maritime trade, there has been a lifeline at sea, and the strategic position of the South China Sea Islands has become prominent. In addition, the discovery of abundant oil and gas resources in the South China Sea has made countries in the South China Sea insatiable, seized the islands in the South China Sea in succession, and frantically exploited the resources, causing serious damage to China's sea power. Although China made a strong response to this and taught Vietnam a lesson through two naval battles, it had little effect. On the contrary, Vietnam has even more frantically seized the islands, built military facilities, illegally detained fishermen in China, and even tried to win over the former enemy, the United States, to contain China. China is facing unprecedented challenges in the South China Sea. With the rapid economic development of China and becoming the second largest economy in the world, how to build a maritime power and successfully transform from a land-based country to a sea-based country is the first problem to be solved. In a word, with sea power, China prospered, without sea power, China declined. 3. How to master the sea power?

Strengthening the modernization of the army, especially building a strong naval force, is a necessary condition for firmly grasping the right to control the sea. Throughout history, during the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, the coast of China was controlled by the Japanese army, and China's navy could not compete with the Japanese army at all, and ocean transportation was out of the question. It had to rely on the Burma Road to receive assistance from the anti-fascist alliance, which made War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression even more difficult. On the other hand, it was with the powerful navy that the British fought everywhere, captured the colonies and established a powerful empire that never set. Of course, the development of China's navy is by no means to occupy other countries and expand its own territory. China has stated that China did not seek hegemony in the past, now and in the future. The navy is built to meet the requirements of national defense and safeguard China's sea power. However, in the context of informationization, the navy alone is not enough to fully cope with a local war. Americans put forward a three-dimensional war system, which shows that in the future war, the battlefield of naval warfare can not be confined to the sea, but must be water, underwater, air, outer space, and virtual space, that is, the network. In recent years, China has gradually awakened its awareness of sea power, vigorously strengthened its naval construction, and made great progress, such as the service of the aircraft carrier Liaoning and the successful landing of J- 15. However, there is still a gap of more than 20 years with the US military and other maritime powers, and there is still a long way to go for China's naval construction in the future. Facing the sea power conflict that may break out at any time, the chairman is calling out to the army.

It is mentioned that although the world is safe, it will be dangerous to forget the war. It can be seen that it is particularly important to strengthen the military's sense of hardship. The army must always be prepared for the war, because the war will not inform us in advance. China's army is a teacher of peace, but it is by no means a teacher of sheep. In the face of unbridled infringement of China's sea power by other countries, emergency preparedness must be made at any time. The government of China should announce to the world that the people of China hate war, but they have never been afraid of it. China has experienced countless wars in history and is well aware of the horrors of war. What's more, war is not the only choice to solve the conflict. After all, "soldiers, national affairs, places of life and death, and ways of survival must be observed." Therefore, the best way to solve the conflict of sea power is to attack the heart. "The Art of War" once said: "Every battle is victorious, and those who are not good are also good; Defeat the enemy's soldiers without fighting, and the good ones are also. " In practice, in order to really practice, in addition to strong military strength as a deterrent, we must also adopt a combination of political pressure, economic sanctions, diplomatic negotiations and other diversified means. In a word, peace and development are the mainstream of the world, but China must make all necessary preparations to safeguard its sea power.