In the early 1990s, in order to meet the needs of China's space science development and develop China's manned spaceflight project and related scientific research, the first National Expert Committee of the National 863 Program decided to set up the National Microgravity Laboratory and the National Computational Fluid Dynamics Laboratory. 1994 The former Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense (now the General Armament Department) approved in principle the establishment of a national microgravity laboratory in China Academy of Sciences. 1995 officially approved the establishment of "National Microgravity Laboratory" in China Academy of Sciences. From 65438 to 0998, the experimental building of the National Microgravity Laboratory was completed, and the equipment purchased from abroad and developed by China passed the acceptance test one after another. In April 2003, the General Armament Department made a comprehensive acceptance of the National Microgravity Laboratory, and the laboratory work entered normal operation.

The National Microgravity Laboratory has become the core laboratory of microgravity scientific research in China, which has made great contributions to the national manned spaceflight project and won two national special prizes for scientific and technological progress. Participate in and organize the discipline development demonstration of microgravity science in China; Responsible for organizing and completing the microgravity scientific experiment of the orbital module system of Chang' e-8 satellite and achieving many important academic achievements; Responsible for practicing 10 scientific experimental satellite load system and scientific research system, and the second phase application system of the national manned spaceflight project. In view of its outstanding performance, the National Microgravity Laboratory won the Advanced Collective Award jointly awarded by the Ministry of Personnel and the China Academy of Sciences in 2005, which made an irreplaceable contribution to the development of microgravity science in China. While carrying out innovative research academically, the National Microgravity Laboratory actively participated in international microgravity scientific activities and carried out fruitful international cooperation and exchanges. It is a microgravity scientific research center and user support center with international influence.

As the research center of microgravity science, the current research fields of National Microgravity Laboratory involve the main directions of microgravity science, including microgravity fluid physics (simple fluid movement, multiphase flow and complex fluid), microgravity combustion science (combustion mechanism and space station fire prevention), space materials science (solidification process, crystal growth and modeling research), space biotechnology and life science (biomechanics, cell molecular biology and nano-biotechnology). Innovative research has been carried out in the fields of fluid physics, combustion, biomechanics and advanced diagnostic technology, as well as the intersection and integration with material science and life science. From 2000 to 2007, 374 papers were published in important academic journals, and 12 monographs (chapters) were published. At the same time, the National Microgravity Laboratory also cooperates with its domestic counterparts in basic physics to promote the development of basic space physics in China. In recent years, the National Microgravity Laboratory has undertaken a number of major national projects, including1/national manned spaceflight project and scientific experimental satellite, more than 20 knowledge innovation projects and large-scale equipment projects of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, more than 20 key general projects of the National Natural Science Foundation and 5 other research projects, with a total funding of about1400 million yuan. At the level of major national needs, "Eleventh? During the "Five-Year Plan" period, the National Microgravity Laboratory has conducted five space experiments in the national manned spaceflight project (Phase II), seven space experiments in the practice of 10 satellite, two space experiments in the manned experiment plan of using the Russian module of the International Space Station in cooperation with China and Russia, and three space experiments in the microgravity rocket plan.

The National Microgravity Laboratory has fixed assets of 75.85 million yuan, introduced and independently developed more than 0/00 sets of instruments and equipment, and has a relatively complete experimental system to carry out basic research on microgravity, including fluid dynamics, dispersion system, optical diagnosis and testing, and three-dimensional microscopic particle image velocimetry. Two-phase flow, microgravity combustion and other experimental systems to carry out microgravity thermal science research; An experimental system for scientific research of space materials such as semiconductor crystal, vapor phase epitaxy, metal alloy nucleation supercooling, opaque medium, transparent crystal growth, etc. Protein crystal growth, space cell growth and tissue culture, continuous flow electrophoresis, microtubule suction, laser micro-optical tweezers, atomic force microscope and other experimental systems for biomechanics and space biotechnology research; As well as the optical elliptical polarization imaging system for nanotechnology research, * * * together constitute the research platform of the National Microgravity Laboratory. As a user support center for microgravity science, the National Microgravity Laboratory has built a 100-meter tower launching facility for short-term microgravity ground experiments, in which the microgravity time of capsule launching system is 3.5 s, the microgravity level can reach the order of 10-5×g, the microgravity time of tube launching system is 3.26 s, and the microgravity level is better than10-6× g.