I. Introduction
With the development of China's economy, society and all-round education, people pursue the beginning of spiritual culture and pay attention to the beginning of art, and the piano has been sent away by more and more people because of its unparalleled superiority, thus becoming the first choice instrument for children's extracurricular education. And based on the thinking of cultivating children's artistic cells, parents send them to learn piano from their early childhood, and younger teaching has become a trend. However, due to the particularity of children's strong curiosity, poor perseverance and liveliness, the primary purpose of education should be to cultivate their interest, which can help children have a lasting love for music and make it develop by leaps and bounds.
Therefore, the demand for preschool piano education has been paid attention to. At present, the understanding of infant piano enlightenment education in China is not enough, and the teaching methods tend to stagnate, which makes it difficult to arouse children's interest. The purpose of this paper is not only to discuss children's piano teaching, but also to look forward to children's music teaching: getting rid of rigid forms and paying attention to the development of psychology and interest can also be applied to the broad scope of early childhood education, which is of certain significance to children's physical and mental health and rapid development.
Second, the effective ways of infant piano enlightenment teaching
(A) Enlightenment teaching based on children's physical and mental particularity.
The particularity of children's body and mind is mainly manifested in the fact that children in this period are lively and active, good at simulation, curious, fond of being praised and short of attention. Therefore, teachers must grasp children's physical and mental characteristics in piano teaching and carry out effective teaching. In the process of children's piano enlightenment teaching, we should grasp the characteristics of children's liveliness, so games are the inevitable way for children to learn. For example, notes can be compared to small animals, staff can be compared to the home of small animals, and scales can be compared to climbing stairs. In the process of piano enlightenment teaching, teachers should correct their sitting posture, hand posture and reading music. In a word, teachers should always closely link children's physical and mental particularities with teaching and innovate interesting teaching methods according to children's psychological characteristics.
(2) Let children feel the introduction and arouse interest.
Interest is the best teacher. No matter what you study, you must be interested first. I want to learn, so do I. Only in this way can you keep your enthusiasm, overcome difficulties, continue to study as always, and finally win. So learning the piano is the same. "As long as children have the enthusiasm to learn piano, they will be willing to receive education every day, which is the premise of learning piano." But because of their young age, children often don't know what they want, let alone what their interests are. At this time, our parents and teachers have an important obligation-to inspect, guide and cultivate children, and gradually discover and cultivate their interests.
What should children do in piano teaching? First of all, in the first teaching, let the teacher play a beautiful tune and ask the children whether they like it or not. Do you want to study? Let children experience the beautiful timbre of the piano, and let them feel that learning the piano is a very happy, happy and happy thing, and they are willing to participate in it. Or let the children who can play the piano play a nice song, and then praise them, and compare them with the children who can play the piano, thus generating a sense of envy, further arousing their desire to learn the piano, and finally making them like this instrument. Secondly, "teachers can exercise the sense of beat through games or activities so that children can control it. Any music shows its vitality through the beat." Teachers can also carry out professional beat teaching, thus stimulating children's interest and passion in learning piano. Finally, children can sing their favorite children's songs and do actions while singing. Teachers use piano accompaniment to strengthen their sense of rhythm and improve their performance ability. In short, the above is to make children feel that piano lessons are particularly meaningful and gradually become interested in learning piano.
Give rewards to enhance children's self-confidence.
In the process of teaching children, we should give more rewards in various ways, such as some small prizes, some words of encouragement, and write praise sentences on the piano that children practice. These rewards can be given when they finish their homework seriously, or when they successfully pass the piano exam and are full of enthusiasm in class. Teachers can further stimulate children's learning enthusiasm and increase their self-confidence by using these positive encouragements.
Second, take targeted enlightenment teaching methods for children.
(A) according to the psychological characteristics of children choose the right track.
Children's interest in things comes from interest, so when they are engaged in piano enlightenment education in early childhood, they should choose songs full of childlike interest and pleasant rhythm. Because of this, at this age, their hearts are very simple and it is not easy to produce sad emotions. Even if they are unhappy, they can't understand. Therefore, if they are forced to play some songs with rich emotions, or even publicize their emotions monotonously, they will not be interested easily, and even have monotonous and boring emotions. If you choose children's songs with light tunes, on the one hand, it can arouse their interest, on the other hand, music can have an impact on a person's psychology. Playing sweet songs can cultivate children's pessimistic mentality and is of great benefit to their education.
At the same time, when choosing a track, "besides the image and pleasure you think, you should also pay attention to your age." Children's learning ability is very strong, but if they are slow and steady at once, they are prone to fear of difficulties and resistance. Therefore, in the teaching process, teachers should know how to go from shallow to deep, step by step, and it is difficult to separate. At present, piano textbooks on the market are divided into compulsory tracks and elective tracks, and there are also difficulty levels. Must-play tracks are mostly tracks with difficulty levels suitable for the current age, while self-selected tracks will be a bit difficult. Teachers can teach students in accordance with their aptitude. As for children with excellent understanding ability, they can learn songs by themselves and will not feel single. For students with poor understanding ability, we should not be slow and slow, but be more patient, pay attention to cultivate interest, guide emotions and exercise selectively.
In addition, we should pay attention to children's piano practice habits, rather than simply paying attention to playing skills. With the good habit of practicing piano, we can cultivate the habit of patience and concentration, which is of great benefit to music learning. Habits also come from stimulating interest. With interest, you will have the motivation to learn, and you will have the patience to practice good piano habits. As the saying goes, "sharpening a knife does not mistake a woodcutter." In early childhood, we should focus on cultivating interests, complement each other to cultivate interests and habits, and finally cultivate skills.
Finally, teachers can add some songs that children are familiar with. Familiar tunes can help them get rid of their unfamiliar fears, and they will also have more confidence and interest, such as "Let's row" and "Edelweiss". These songs are catchy and simple, which is a good choice for beginners.
(2) Give full play to children's imagination.
If interest is the most important factor in learning music, then imagination is the premise of learning music well. If you don't have imagination, you can't understand your feelings well and give play to the emotions that songs want to express, the concert will become "a mere formality, lacking in connotation"; If a song praising the scenery lacks imagination, it is impossible to construct a picture in your mind, vividly express the scenery, achieve the effect that the audience can associate the scene when listening to the song, and also fail to express the author's Leng Yan feelings about the scenery. In short, with imagination and the ability to understand songs, the soul of music can be played, which is the highest purpose of piano cultivation.
Teachers should master certain skills in teaching to build children's imagination. First of all, be good at playing, such as understanding children's thinking forms. They tend to understand things from simple aspects and are easy to associate with things around them. Therefore, teachers need to understand the problem from the perspective of childlike innocence, persuade with humorous words full of childlike interest, cultivate imagination and further deepen interest. Secondly, we can ask questions to arouse children's consideration, and we can also guide them to participate in the classroom and fully mobilize their learning enthusiasm. At the same time, teachers should give priority to guidance in asking questions, and they can use step-by-step questioning methods to gradually induce children to exert their imagination. This method is much more effective than indoctrination, and it has become a habit of thinking overnight. This also puts forward new requirements for teachers. Teachers should be prepared, think positively and ask interesting but not boring, deep but not too embarrassing questions, so as to really arouse children's interest and not dampen their enthusiasm for learning.
Finally, we should give them the space to choose independently, let them choose some tracks that they can easily understand, and have more room to play their imagination. At the same time, everyone's understanding of songs is different, and it is precisely because of different understanding that songs can be played by different people and get different effects. Teachers should give children plenty of imagination space, and can't limit it with a single thought, which is more conducive to children's imagination.
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In short, correct and effective piano enlightenment teaching is very necessary. As long as the correct and scientific piano enlightenment teaching can pave the way for children's future piano learning. In addition, in children's piano teaching, we should pay attention to cultivating children's interest in learning piano, cultivating correct playing posture and gradually strengthening the exercise of playing skills. Teachers should master children's playing skills skillfully and practice the piano scientifically. Teachers should teach students in accordance with their aptitude, adopt targeted teaching methods according to children's characteristics, and closely separate children's piano learning from their own personality characteristics, so that children can grow up in learning, thus improving children's piano teaching quality and making children's piano enlightenment education get more room for development.