Small-class Children's Safety Education Paper 1 "Guidance Strategies for Small-class Children's Daily Safety Education"
Abstract: It is the sacred duty of every educator to make children grow up happily and healthily. Therefore, kindergartens must put children's life and health first in preschool education. As a small class of children who are newly admitted to the park, they are young, have poor self-control ability and weak safety awareness. It is particularly important to establish a good safety awareness for small class children when they are young. This paper expounds the problems that should be paid attention to in the daily safety education of small class children and the corresponding strategies that should be adopted.
Keywords: small class children's daily safety education guidance strategy
Teaching Strategies of Children's Daily Safety Education
Nieng Yan
(College of Education, Suihua University, Suihua, Heilongjiang 15206 1)
It is the sacred duty of every educator to let children grow up happily and healthily. Therefore, we must put the care of children's life and health in the first place in preschool work. As a newly enrolled child, he is young, poor in self-control and weak in safety awareness. Therefore, it is particularly important to carry out safety education for children and establish a good safety awareness from an early age. This paper expounds the problems that should be paid attention to in children's daily safety education and the corresponding measures that should be taken.
Keywords children; Daily safety education; Guiding strategy
The core of kindergarten education is to focus on children and pay close attention to children's daily safety education. Small class is the first step to enter kindergarten. Here, children come from different families and are the apple of their eye at home. When they first step into kindergarten, they will have various reactions when they meet other children. Accidents will inevitably occur in children's daily activities, which may cause harm to children and sometimes even endanger their lives. Therefore, kindergartens should implement children's daily safety education in their usual activities, so that children can acquire the most basic safety knowledge and self-protection function through observation and study, and then gradually know how to care for themselves and others through kindergarten training and education. More importantly, parents should be used to help children improve their safety awareness, actively take safety measures to prevent accidents and do a good job in daily safety education for small class children.
1 content of daily safety education in small classes
The Guiding Outline of Kindergarten Education (Trial) clearly states? Kindergartens must put the protection of children's lives and the promotion of children's health at the top of education? . It can be seen that one of the important tasks of kindergartens is to protect and educate children's daily safety. For children in small classes, they are the youngest, have no certain life experience, have no awareness of safety precautions, and lack the ability of self-control and self-protection, so it is particularly important to do a good job in daily safety education in small classes.
1. 1 Cultivate children's self-control ability
Children's emotional instability and immature thinking make small class children's self-control ability poor to some extent. In class, I especially like to make small moves and lose my concentration. As long as children have a little quarrel or stumble, they will cry at will. The cultivation of self-control ability has a vital influence on children's future development. Therefore, there are several specific methods to cultivate children's self-control ability as soon as possible: First, strive to cultivate children's good behavior habits, strengthen children's moral awareness, let children do things as purposefully as possible, and teach children to overcome difficulties. For example, carry out daily hygiene work in kindergartens, overcome laziness and go to kindergartens in advance; When celebrating your birthday, you should perform programs for other children to overcome your shyness; Discipline should be observed in the collective; At home, parents should arrange a good schedule for their children, teach them not to be partial to food, and actively guide them to exercise self-control purposefully. Second, we should persist in giving priority to encouragement. If the child doesn't finish his homework or flinch halfway, parents should not beat and scold, let alone use words to be sarcastic, which will easily make the child rebellious and hurt his self-esteem; What parents should do is to help their children solve the difficulties they encounter through careful observation, encourage and praise their progress, give them confidence, and gradually enable them to acquire the ability to persist in completing tasks.
1.2 provide children with safety education on fire prevention, electricity prevention, transportation and diet.
Children lack the necessary understanding of risk factors, their motor function is not perfect, and they are active, curious and lively. In addition, children are in a collective environment, and the number of children is relatively large, while the number of teachers is relatively small. It is inevitable that teachers will not take care of every child. In this case, the frequency of accidents will also increase. Then, it is imperative to educate children on fire prevention, electricity prevention, traffic and food safety. First, use electricity safely, so that children can know that they can't touch electrical appliances with wet hands or wipe them with wet rags. Unplug electrical appliances after use. Secondly, fire safety, parents should try to put the fire source out of children's reach and remind children not to play with lighters. Kindergarten teachers should let children see the danger of fire and teach them how to escape in their usual teaching. In case of emergency, you can also call 1 19 for fire alarm. Second, traffic safety education, parents and kindergarten teachers should introduce the role of traffic lights and traffic signs to children, so that children can learn to consciously abide by traffic laws from an early age.
2 Small class children's daily safety education and guidance status and analysis
2. 1 Present situation of daily safety education in small class kindergartens
The purpose of daily safety education in small-class kindergartens is to help children master and acquire the most basic safety skills and knowledge in daily life as much as possible, and gradually enhance their ability and awareness of self-protection. In recent years, the crime rate against young children is on the rise, which makes the safety of young children always concerned, especially the case of car theft and infanticide in Changchun and the case of baby falling in Daxing, Beijing. All kinds of incidents reflect the safety problems of children, and the relevant national laws and regulations are not perfect enough, which need to be improved and perfected to effectively strengthen the safety management of children.
2.2 Problems in daily safety education in small-class kindergartens
2.2. 1 Kindergarten safety management system is not strict enough, and internal safety management is lacking.
In some places, kindergarten guards are irresponsible, and children slip out of kindergarten without the attention of the guards; The canteen where children eat is not clean enough or the food does not meet the standard, which leads to children's food poisoning. (4) At present, the emergency plan for kindergartens is not perfect. Even if some kindergartens have plans, the operability is not strong.
2.2.2 Kindergarten itself has insufficient understanding of children's safety.
Some kindergartens have dilapidated equipment and facilities, and there are serious security risks. Children are young and have poor safety awareness, which leads to the kindergarten not paying attention to the safety hazards during the game. Fire safety: the fire-fighting facilities are outdated and backward, the fire-fighting equipment can not meet the fire-fighting needs, and there is a lack of fire exits.
2.2.3 Teachers do not pay enough attention to children's daily safety education.
Teachers only give daily safety education to children in the classroom, but do not give guidance to their actual behaviors, which over time will make children form bad safety behavior habits and have a negative impact on their safety. Mainly reflected in the following two aspects: First, teachers do not pay attention to the usual safety education. In the process of teaching small class children, teachers failed to teach children how to protect themselves in time. Moreover, the teacher's safety education for children is contradictory. They think that children are too young to accept the content of safety education, which leads to teachers not actively exploring the content of safety education for children. And teachers don't correct the dangerous behaviors found in time. Second, safety education is a mere formality and has not changed children's behavior. Teachers' safety education for children is only to cope with the inspection by superior leaders or relevant departments, but not to effectively educate children; Some teachers have carried out safety education for children, but their education for children is limited to the classroom, and they have not really made children use it well in real life.
3 Small class children's safety education guidance strategy
3. 1 Daily safety education and guidance
The guiding strategy of teachers' safety education is that teachers should give reasonable guidance to children's daily behaviors, such as: children are not allowed to carry dangerous goods such as blades and sharp toys, do not slide down the slide head-on, climb up the slide from bottom to top and other dangerous actions, do not go out casually, do not squeeze or collide; Don't eat spoiled and moldy food during the diet; Don't touch the electrical appliances casually, and don't put your hand out of the window or outside the car; Don't play with fire or water.
3.2 Safety education guidance in the game
As the saying goes, a kindergarten without games is not a real kindergarten. The happiest thing for children is playing games. Games can also stimulate children's psychological activities and realize the function of game education. Teacher's guidance is essential, but the premise of the game is to ensure the absolute safety of children. ⑤ In the game education, teachers should observe children's actions in the game, deal with children's safety problems in time, and conduct safety education simulation training with children, such as simulating crossing the road and what to do when encountering strangers. Teachers should also pay attention to language communication with children when playing games with them. Teachers playing games with children in different languages will have different effects, and the rules of the game should be properly established so that children can get the same feelings in the game and in life.
3.3 Safety education and guidance in the environment
Modern kindergarten daily safety education attaches great importance to the use of environmental forces to strengthen the growth and development of young children. In the process of environmental education for children, kindergartens should actively use the environment, purposefully let children participate in activities and let them understand the relationship between things. At the same time, kindergartens should be good at discovering various environmental phenomena in children's daily life and get the most direct perception through children's own experience. For example, kindergartens can set up plantations, and teachers and children can plant, water and loosen the soil together, so that children can observe the growth of plants at close range and let them know the importance of protecting the environment.
3.4 Safety Education Guidance in Collective Teaching
The core of kindergarten activity education is to successfully transform and refine the curriculum content and effectively transform the curriculum objectives into the physical and mental development quality of children. ⑥ Activity education is also very important for the layout of the environment. Only in a good atmosphere can children devote themselves to the activities. At the same time, the use of teachers' language should be emotional, enlightening, vivid, vivid and logical. Kindergarten activity education pays attention to children's practicality and openness, and children's activities need a relaxed, harmonious and pleasant atmosphere, so that children's thinking is not suppressed and they can choose their favorite ways and partners.
3.5 Other daily safety education and guidance
Kindergartens should carry out colorful outdoor sports activities, ensure that children have enough activity time every day, and cultivate their enthusiasm for exercise. This requires strict organizational planning for outdoor activities, establishing activity goals, ensuring children's personal safety, and letting children truly experience the importance of outdoor daily safety. ⑦ The content and form of children's daily safety education should not be too single, but more interesting and diverse, so that children can acquire the knowledge of safety education in a happy atmosphere.
4 conclusion
The task of daily safety education for small-class children is very arduous, and safety education for small-class children is also the focus of the whole society. Children in small classes do not have a strong sense of safety, and all kinds of emergencies may happen anytime and anywhere. Only parents and teachers pay close attention to small class children, be good at observing them and educate them in time; Give children more love and care, pay attention to safety education in daily life, let small class children acquire basic safety knowledge as much as possible and strengthen their self-protection ability.
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