First, the establishment of centralization-the establishment of centralization in the Qin Dynasty, the measures to strengthen centralization are: 1, the imperial system with imperial power supreme, 2, the system of succession to the throne at home, 3, the system of three posts and nine officials-the central government organization, 4, the county system-the local government organization, 5, the system of selecting and inspecting officials, 6, and the Qin law: meticulous and strict.

Second, the struggle between centralization and decentralization-in the Han dynasty, the local implementation in the early Han dynasty: counties parallel; Solution: Jia Yi's "public security policy" and Chao Cuo's "feudal policy". In BC 154, when the "Seven-State Rebellion" occurred, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty took centralized measures: 1, set up a secretariat to supervise local governments on behalf of the central government, 2, implemented the law of granting favors, 3, set up China and North Korea (the central decision-making body), and three officials and nine ministers became the executive organs.

Third, the centralization was strengthened-the measures taken in the early Song Dynasty were: 1, recruiting elite soldiers (principle: strong cadres and weak branches, preventing internal weakness), 2, cutting off real power (depriving prime ministers, governors of prefectures and counties, military commanders), and 3, making money valley (except a small part of the wealth of counties and counties, the rest were transported to Beijing or designated places).

Fourth, centralization reached its peak-in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Ming Taizu abolished the Prime Minister and withdrew from Zhongshu Province, and the emperor personally took charge of six departments; Ming Chengzu established a cabinet; Yong Zhengdi established a military department in Qing Dynasty.