Generally, Lycium barbarum is used as medicine, and in many areas, the fruits of Lycium barbarum in northern China and Lycium barbarum in Xinjiang are used instead of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia. In particular, the quality of Lycium barbarum in the north is poor and the lead content is high, so it is forbidden to be used as medicine.
1 Authentic Lycium barbarum
Characterization of 1. 1: Lycium barbarum is the dried fruit of Lycium barbarum in Ningxia of Solanaceae. Spindle-shaped, slightly flat, 6 ~ 2 1 mm long, 3 ~ 10 mm in diameter, bright red or dark red on the surface, with raised style marks at the top and white fruit stalk marks at the base. The peel is flexible and shriveled, the pulp is thick and soft, with more than 20 seeds, kidney-shaped, flat and upturned, light yellow on the surface, sweet and slightly sour, slightly bitter after chewing, and the saliva is dyed red.
1.2 microscopic identification: on the cross section, the epicarp of this product is a row of flat cells with thick wall and thick cuticle. The mesocarp consists of 10 rows of parenchyma cells with different sizes, and the cells contain calcium oxalate sand crystals; Vascular bundles are double tough, and most of them are scattered. Endocarp cells are arranged in a row, oval. The cross section of the seed is oval or oval. The epidermis of the seed coat is a row of solid cells, which are rectangular. The innermost layer is flat rectangular parenchyma cells, slightly lignified.
2 fake medlar.
Character identification: oval or spherical, red surface, dull, thin and shriveled, with a length below10mm and a diameter of 2 ~ 4mm. Less than 20 capsules. Less meat tastes sweet but not sour. Can be used in food industry.
3 confused Berberis Shouyang
Character identification: rectangular, 8 ~ 10 mm long and 3 ~ 6 mm in diameter. Dark red, wrinkled, 2 seeds, no pulp, slightly astringent and bitter. Used for raw materials.
-Lycium barbarum and soup, wine and tea;
Making soup, soaking wine and making tea with Lycium barbarum is a traditional folk practice in China, which can really play a certain health care role. However, scientists' long-term research shows that some functional nutrients in Lycium barbarum, such as Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and carotenoids, are difficult to dissolve in soup, water and wine and cannot be fully absorbed by the human body.
□ medlar juice
"Take its essence and discard its dross" is the most refined summary of Lycium barbarum juice processing. Lycium barbarum juice is made of high quality Ningxia Lycium barbarum, and the selection of materials is extremely strict. During the processing of Lycium barbarum, after peeling and removing seeds, the main functional components and nutritional elements of Lycium barbarum are fully retained by using high-tech bioengineering technology, and the soluble or insoluble beneficial components are evenly dispersed in the whole beverage, which is more convenient for direct absorption or functional function. This is similar to the fact that soybean protein is not easy to digest and absorb, and the utilization rate of protein is improved after being processed into tofu.
□ Lycium barbarum polysaccharide functional factor has very important and multifaceted health care functions;
(1) immunomodulation
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has a very significant immunomodulatory effect on nonspecific immunity and specific immunity of mice, which can significantly enhance the proliferation of spleen lymphocytes, delayed allergic reaction, increase serum hemolysin content, peritoneal macrophage function, carbon particle clearance ability and antibody production ability of mice.
(2) Hypoglycemic effect
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has obvious hypoglycemic effect on experimental diabetes, and the effective rate is 100%. It has no effect on blood sugar of normal mice.
(3) Hypolipidemic effect
Lycium barbarum polysaccharide has obvious effect on blood lipid in experimental hyperlipidemia rats, which can significantly reduce the contents of serum cholesterol and triglyceride, but can increase high density lipoprotein. The experimental results show that Broussonetia papyrifera polysaccharide has obvious effect on regulating blood lipid.
(4) Anti-aging effect
The survival test of Drosophila melanogaster showed that Lycium barbarum polysaccharide could obviously prolong the average life span and the highest life span of female and male Drosophila melanogaster. It can significantly increase SOD and decrease MDA in red blood cells of mice. In addition, the results of animal and clinical experiments show that the polysaccharide can obviously enhance the cellular immune function of thymectomy mice and restore the sexual function of mice to some extent.
(5) Anti-fatigue effect
Broussonetia papyrifera can increase the storage of muscle glycogen and liver glycogen in experimental mice. Improving the total activity of deamination of lactose, accelerating the clearance of blood urea and reducing the level of blood lactic acid after exercise can obviously prolong the swimming time of mice. Therefore, blocking polysaccharide can enhance the physical strength of the body and quickly eliminate fatigue after exercise.
(6) Other functions
Experiments on the extracts of Gastrodia elata, Ginseng, Ginkgo biloba and Lycium barbarum show that Lycium barbarum extract can significantly prolong the survival time of animals under hypoxia and radiation conditions.