You can ask me if you don't understand anything. I hope I can help you and wish you success. The following are some answers to your questions for reference only:
Writing method of opening report
First, the significance and role of the opening report
The opening report is a topic selection plan written by the project leader on the basis of investigation and research, and submitted to the superior for approval after the project direction is determined. This paper mainly explains that this topic needs to be studied, and how to prepare it when conditions permit, which can also be said to be the demonstration and design of the topic. The opening report is an important link to improve the quality and level of topic selection.
The research plan is the work plan of the whole research after the subject is determined and before the formal research is carried out, which initially stipulates the specific contents and steps of all aspects of the research. The research scheme plays a key role in the smooth development of the whole research work, especially for people with less scientific research experience. A good scheme can avoid the situation that we don't know what to do next after a period of time, and ensure that the whole research work is carried out in an orderly way. It can be said that the level of research scheme is an important embodiment of the quality and level of a discipline.
Second, write the basic work that should be done in the research plan.
On the one hand, it is necessary to understand their basic structure and writing methods, but "if you want to learn poetry, your efforts are beyond poetry". It is important to do a lot of basic work before you can write a good opening report and research plan. First of all, we should know the basic situation of other people's research in this field. The most fundamental feature of research work is to be creative. If we are familiar with other people's research in this field, we will not repeat the path taken by others, but will engage in higher-level and more valuable things to study on the basis of other people's research. Secondly, we must master the basic theoretical knowledge related to our own topic, and the theoretical foundation is solid, so that the research work can have a solid foundation. Otherwise, without a theoretical basis, it will be difficult for you to study deeply and really create. Therefore, when conducting scientific research, we must collect information in various ways and strengthen theoretical study, so that we can have more confidence in writing reports and plans and make them more scientific and perfect.
Third, the structure and writing of the research project The research project mainly includes the following aspects:
(a) the name of the project
Principal name is the name of the principal. This seems like a small problem, but in fact, when many people write a topic, they often write it inaccurately and inappropriately, thus affecting the image and quality of the whole topic. This is what most people call "just having children, not naming them". So, how to name the topic?
First, the name should be accurate and standardized.
Accuracy is the name of this subject. It is necessary to make it clear what the subject is and what the research object is. The title of the project must be consistent with the research content, neither too big nor too small. Summarize your research objects and problems accurately. Standardization means that the use of words and sentence patterns should be standardized and scientific, and specious words, slogans and conclusion sentences should not be used. Because we are conducting scientific research, we should express our thoughts and opinions in scientific and standardized language. The topic is the problem we want to solve. This issue is being discussed and studied, and there can be no final tone.
Second, the name should be concise, not too long. Whether it is a paper or a topic, the name should not be too long. Try not to use words if you can, generally no more than 20 words. I think the names in the application forms of various schools are relatively simple, so I won't say much.
(b) the purpose and significance of the study.
The purpose and significance of research is why we should study and study its value. This can generally be based on the actual needs, pointing out that there is this problem in reality, which needs to be studied and solved, and what practical role the research of this topic has, and then writing out the theoretical and academic value of the topic. These should be written more specifically and pertinently, and we should not shout slogans aimlessly. Don't write all the general slogans such as adhering to the party's educational policy, implementing quality education and improving the quality of education and teaching. The main contents include: (1) the relevant background of the study (the proposal of the subject): that is, what is the basis and inspiration of this study. ⑵ By analyzing the local (school) education and teaching practice, point out why we should study this topic, the value of the research and the problems to be solved.
(3) The history and present situation of this topic at home and abroad (literature review).
It should be standardized, and minor items can be omitted. Generally, it includes: mastering the breadth, depth and achievements of its research; Look for the problems that need further study, so as to determine the research platform (starting point), research characteristics or breakthrough point of this topic. Refer to the general project report.
(D) the guiding ideology of research
The guiding ideology is what direction should be adhered to and what requirements should be met on a macro level. This direction or requirement can be philosophical and political theory, the government's educational development plan, and the guiding opinions for studying problems. For a large-scale and long-term subject, if there is a clear guiding ideology in general, some directional errors in theoretical research can be avoided. Here, I would like to introduce a passage in the project guiding ideology written by He Laoshi in the research plan of "Foshan Education Modernization Process": "This study should be based on the requirements of the CPC Central Committee and the state, the decisions of the Guangdong Provincial Party Committee and the provincial government, the decisions of the Foshan Municipal Party Committee and the municipal government, and the national conditions, market conditions and the reality of Foshan's education reform and development, so as to reveal the laws and manifestations of Foshan's education modernization process and serve the practice of Foshan's education modernization." In addition, there is a copy for your reference. In the research and experimental scheme of the key project in the Ninth Five-Year Plan of Guangdong Province, the guiding ideology of the project is: "Insist on taking Marxism, Mao Zedong Thought and Deng Xiaoping Theory as the guidance, proceed from the requirements of realizing the" two transformations "in China's economic field in 20 10 and the basic modernization of our province, and carry out all-round reform experiments and theoretical research on the related theoretical and practical problems of implementing quality education in primary and secondary school subject teaching. Effectively guide the majority of primary and secondary school teachers to deepen the reform of subject teaching, comprehensively implement the education policy, comprehensively improve the quality of education, promote the development of basic education in our province, and make contributions to building a strong education province in Guangdong. "
(5) the goal of the study.
The goal of the study is the specific goal to be achieved and the specific problem to be solved, that is, the predetermined goal to be achieved in this study: the goal of this study should be closely related to the topic, and the words should be accurate, concise and clear. Compared with the purpose and guiding ideology, the research goal is more specific, and it must be clearly written. Only when the goal is clear and specific can we know what the specific work direction is and what the research focus is, and our thinking will not be disturbed by various factors.
Common problems are: not writing research objectives; The target deduction is not strict; The target word is inaccurate; The goal is set too high, and the predetermined goal has not been studied or can not be studied. When determining the research objectives of the project, on the one hand, we should consider the requirements of the project itself, on the other hand, we should consider the actual working conditions and level of the research group.
(six) the basic content of the study
When we have the research goal of the subject, we must determine the specific content of our subject according to the goal, and the research content is more specific than the research goal. And a goal may be achieved through several aspects of research, which are not necessarily one-to-one correspondence. When we determine the research content, we often don't consider it very specifically. The research content written is particularly general and vague, and it is very unfavorable for our whole research to regard the purpose and significance of the research as the research content. So learn to break down the topic and do it bit by bit. The basic contents generally include: (1) the definition of the subject name. Three points should be clarified as far as possible: research object, research problem and research method. ⑵ This topic studies the definitions of related theories, nouns, terms and concepts.
(7) Research methods.
1. This topic studies whether to set sub-topics. Each subproject should be relatively independent and form a project system. As a provincial and municipal project, it is best to set up sub-items. Form a whole school project research system.
2. Specific research methods can be selected from the following methods: observation, investigation, experiment, experience summary, case study, comparative study, literature and so on. To study the present situation of students' practical ability, we must be inseparable from the investigation method; To study how to optimize the personality of primary school students, experimental methods should be adopted; To study how to train young teachers, we can use the experience summary method; To study the educational countermeasures of students from poor families, case method can be used.
3. When determining the research methods, clearly describe "what to do" and "how to do it". If the survey method is needed, the purpose, task, object, scope, survey method, questionnaire design or source should be explained. It is best to attach a survey plan.
4. Promote the use of comprehensive research methods. A large project often needs many methods. A small project may be mainly one method, but other methods are also needed. When we apply various methods, we must strictly follow the requirements of the methods, and we must do it with experience and common sense. For example, we need to know the situation through investigation, how to make a questionnaire and how to analyze it, instead of just sending a table, we just need to get some percentages and averages. Highlight the action research method.
(8) Steps of research.
The step of project research is the arrangement of project research in time and order. The steps of research should fully consider the relationship and difficulty of research content. Generally, we should start with the basic problems and proceed in stages. There must be regulations on when each stage begins and ends. The main steps and time schedule of the study include: what stages are the whole study divided into; The starting and ending time of each stage; Research objectives and tasks to be completed in each stage; Main research steps in each stage; The timetable of research work this semester, etc.
(9) Form of research results
What this topic studies is what form of stage research results and final research results should be obtained. There are many forms, such as investigation report, experimental report, research report, paper, experience summary, survey scale, test scale, microcomputer software, teaching design, video tape and so on. Among them, investigation reports, research reports and papers are the most important manifestations of research results. The content and form of research results are different with different topics, but no matter what form, the research of the topic must have results, otherwise, the topic will not be completed.
(10) Organization and division of labor of research projects.
In the plan, the project leader, deputy leader, members of the research group and division of labor should be written. The leader of the research group is the person in charge of this topic. A research group should include people from three aspects, namely, people with power, people with insight and people with aspirations. If you have the right, you can get more support. If you have knowledge, the quality and level of the project will be higher. If you are interested, you can work hard and do it in a down-to-earth manner. The division of labor of the research group must be clear and reasonable, and strive to let everyone know their work and responsibilities, and can't eat the same pot. However, on the basis of division of labor, we should also pay attention to the cooperation of all staff, so that everyone can study and discuss together to overcome various difficulties and problems in the research process.
(eleven) other related issues or safeguard mechanisms.
Such as the activity time of the research group; What relevant theories and knowledge to learn, how to learn, and what training to conduct or participate in; How to ensure the normal research work; Sources and raising of project funds; How to win the support of relevant leaders and the guidance of experts; How to communicate with peers outside school?
Fourth, pay attention to three points:
1. Learn to collect and obtain information. Attention everywhere is learning (accumulation).
2. Learn more. Brainstorm ideas and broaden your horizons (learn from them).
3. innovation. Climb high and look far, be brave in innovation.