● Violent information or games, gambling.
● Information such as racial hatred or gender discrimination against modern humanistic spirit.
● Cyber kidnapping.
● The use of children in advertisements and the impact of commercialization.
● Adolescents' cyber sexual assault.
● "Internet addiction".
In fact, it can't be said that surfing the internet will definitely have a negative impact. If used properly, it is still meaningful to read some useful materials. If there must be a negative impact, it will only be the above. I mean possible negative effects, not necessarily negative effects.
First, the network and college students with learning disabilities
In the network era, the existing form of information has changed the mode of information production to some extent. Human society is in an era of "information explosion". With the help of the Internet, information has washed our minds with an avalanche and flowed into thousands of households like tap water in the form of bits. At the same time, with the participation of the Internet, every receiver of information becomes the publisher of information at the same time, which enables college students to make full use of the Internet as an interactive tool, update knowledge content, improve knowledge structure, and effectively promote autonomous learning. However, in the era when information is too cheap, we ignore that information is not equal to knowledge.
The learning obstacles caused by the network are mainly manifested in:
1, obstacles in the use of books and materials
Contemporary college students have not really come into contact with society when they grow up. Most of the knowledge they received in the process of basic education was pre-screened by teachers and parents. After becoming college students who can independently choose the knowledge they have received without any transition stage, they have no sound ability to choose information rationally. The unique characteristics of interaction, autonomy and convenience of the network make it the first or even the only choice for contemporary college students to obtain information. They gave up the complex retrieval methods such as libraries and reading rooms, and focused on the Internet. Although they saved time and energy to some extent, in the long run, they gave up a healthier learning method and chose a dangerous and convenient way.
2. Memory disorder
On the one hand, using computers instead of memory makes the memory utilization rate of college students too low, which reduces their ability to remember knowledge. On the other hand, long-term use of computers and abuse of online materials tend to make students' thinking rigid, and to some extent, they lose their innovative and fluent thinking. College students no longer think, accumulate and innovate. Homework and papers in colleges and universities are no longer the display of learning achievements, but the manual games of copying and pasting. Colleges and universities have lost the original intention of higher education and become cloning research institutes of network information.
Information dissemination is an act, a process and a system. Japanese scholar Ota Mincheng believes that the operation of the system is people-centered "continuous production, transmission, processing and storage of information, while human cognition, memory, learning, communication and reasoning are all plastic" [1]. Only with this plasticity and creativity can human society constantly discover and overcome the obstacles of social information system, and make it constantly improve, thus serving social development. Since ancient times, the inheritance of human knowledge has been transmitted to future generations through human brain memory. The appearance of computer liberates human beings from a large amount of knowledge and information memory, thus having more space to accommodate new knowledge. But this liberation does not mean that all memories and thoughts are handed over to the computer for operation. Contemporary college students, as the key talents of national social development, it is necessary and necessary to remember and update their knowledge. The computer is just a tool and can't replace the brain. The lack of memory and rigid thinking of senior social talents are great hidden dangers of social development.
3. Loss of basic skills
While the Internet provides rich teaching resources for colleges and universities, it also causes the lack of some university education. At present, major universities in China have basically realized computerized teaching, and the homework that students need to complete is also computer printing, which leads contemporary college students to get used to writing with computers, thus losing the basic skills of fluent writing. Because computer typing is not a complete stroke input, many college students have gradually forgotten the specific writing methods of Chinese characters and rely entirely on computer processing. At present, some computer software has appeared, which can even make people without painting foundation draw pictures smoothly. When calligraphy and painting can be practiced for three days in winter and three days in summer, its artistic and other cultural attributes will disappear.
At the same time, multimedia technology makes contemporary college students learn not only through a single carrier, but also through the combination of various media, which is exciting from the feeling. The interactive learning tools it uses may bring audio-visual images and vividness, making knowledge easy to understand and accept. However, books and articles can't begin to think or absorb the text content and turn it into ideas and arguments, and passive acceptance leads to the demise of understanding.
Using traditional paper and pen to create and spread knowledge, and using your own mind to calculate, means the existence of creativity and vitality. In online media education, keyboards, mice and screens have replaced paper and pens, computers have replaced human brains, and floppy disks, hard disks and CDs have replaced books. Learning disabilities caused by excessive use of computers are becoming an urgent problem in higher education.
Second, the network and the emotional loss of college students
As a new way of information exchange and interpersonal communication, Internet has increasingly become an important part of contemporary college students' life, relieving mental stress, filling spiritual emptiness and promoting the awakening and development of college students' self-awareness. However, all this has led to another consequence: the emotional crisis of college students.
1, emotional imbalance
First of all, as a virtual world, the network follows basic rules completely different from real life, and its freedom and anonymity provide excellent emotional release space for college students. However, the online world is different from the real world after all. Although the former is more in line with the instinctive needs of college students and closer to their free nature, it only makes sense on the Internet. However, college students live in real life, and the difference between online emotions and real game rules leads to difficulties in emotional adjustment and deepening emotional imbalance.
Step 2 isolate yourself
In real life, 80% of emotional communication is transmitted through vision. Nonverbal symbols are more important than verbal symbols. The interpersonal communication network in society is complex, and the suspicion between people dampens the rich and fragile feelings of college students. Network virtual society provides this young social group with a space to escape from reality, which leads to the change of lifestyle. They think they have everything on the internet, so they are addicted to their personal world. It leads to the indifference of interpersonal relationship, the tendency of non-socialization over time, the lack of communication ability and the low communication ability, which leads to the gradual atrophy of interpersonal feelings and emotional self-isolation.
3. Dual personality
The anonymity of the role of network communication leads to the dual personality of contemporary college students. In the virtual society, anyone can show what he likes or yearns for, and play different roles to meet his psychological needs, and vent his dissatisfaction with society, life and communication in the network, which not only satisfies his psychological needs of equality and self-esteem, but also leads to their multiple individualization. This is not conducive to the perfection of contemporary college students' personality, hinders their socialization process, and at the same time intensifies their own emotional isolation, making them more indifferent and withdrawn. If college students enter the society with this psychological problem, it will inevitably affect their normal life in the future.
4. Internet addiction
The internet leads to the emotional disorientation of college students, which leads to the single communication mode of contemporary college students, thus resulting in "Internet addiction" (a psychological disease of excessive use of the internet, which is manifested by excessive mental and physical dependence on the internet and lack of interest in the world outside the network. ) This excessive dependence on the Internet, like drugs, has become the focus of attention of major universities. A survey of college students shows that almost 75% of the respondents are prone to Internet addiction [2]. In fact, as early as1August, 1996, McLean Hospital, a mental hospital affiliated to Harvard University, opened a computer addiction clinic, and the psychological counseling center of the University of Maryland also applied for the support of off-campus doctors because there were too many students with internet addiction. Psychologists and therapists believe that "Internet addiction" or "network poisoning" is no different from gambling and drug addiction, and it is a new social problem that must be paid attention to.
The behavioral manifestations of Internet addiction are: Internet addiction refers to excessive infatuation with friendship established online or love rejecting realistic interpersonal communication; Internet porn addiction refers to indulging in online porn content or chatting; Information download addiction refers to the uncontrollable search for too much information on the internet, whether it is useful or not; Computer game addiction refers to compulsively playing games on the computer or constantly making some unnecessary clips [3]. Among contemporary college students, online game addiction and online pornography addiction are the most prominent.
According to the statistics of China Internet Information Center at the end of 2005, among the 6,430 people who use broadband in China, 30 million people are addicted to online games, most of them are teenagers, and college students account for 20%[4]. However, due to the popularity of the Internet in colleges and universities all over the country, students' own spare time is sufficient, the source of funds is stable, and the proportion of college students is rising. Since 2006, major computer game production companies, led by Shanda Network, have started to add time-limited shutdown procedures to their games, that is, each account can only be online for three hours every day, and the system will automatically shut down after more than three hours. This limits the online time of game fans to a certain extent, but the effect is not obvious for internet addicts.
The college period is the climax of intense emotional activities and surging hearts of college students, and the emotional tension expands rapidly. Excessive indulgence in emotional communication and emotional release on the Internet will indulge the emotional loss of college students invisibly, which will have extremely adverse effects on their individuals and society.
Third, the network and moral anomie of college students
Morality is a code of conduct to coordinate the relationship between people and between people and society based on people's long-term beliefs, habits, traditions and education. It can be seen that morality is fundamentally a norm of self-regulation and coordination, not a mandatory norm. This characteristic of morality determines its own weakness in a specific environment, and online media is one of them. Because the network is difficult to control and anonymous, it is difficult to have an effective method to control it, and we can only rely on the quality and moral constraints of network users. The lack of legal and moral binding force has brought great hidden dangers to the network.
It should be admitted that the subjective desire of most college students to use the Internet is to enjoy the scientific and technological achievements of modern civilization, so as to develop and improve themselves. However, the crux of the problem lies in: the objective reality is that the network has brought unparalleled scientific and technological enjoyment to students, but it has also become a hotbed of moral anomie.
1, erotic yellow tide
Contemporary college students generally enter colleges and universities at the age of just adult or underage, and their own minds are immature, their rational control ability is weak, and their network standardization degree is weak, which connives at the emergence and proliferation of negative factors in their inner world. College students are not saints. Faced with the strong temptation of the Internet, their self-control will often be defeated. Once the self-control of college students slowly collapses, its destructive power far exceeds that of other groups. College students' higher education makes them surpass their peers in intelligence, technology and skills, and once morality is out of control, the consequences are often devastating. Modern network is increasingly troubled by cyber hackers and cyber pornography, which is a concrete example of moral anomie.
According to a survey conducted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, about 30% of college students in the questionnaire survey admitted to browsing pornographic websites, and experts estimate that the actual situation is much higher than this figure. A group of survey data released recently shows that 46% of the 3000 college students who participated in the survey have visited pornographic websites [5]. In the words of Jipeng Wang, a teacher in bohai university, Liaoning Province, who set off a wave of anti-pornography on the Internet, "our current online pornography has developed from concealment to blatant, from a single spark to arson everywhere, from pornographic performances on small websites to pornographic paradise on portal websites." [6]
2. Hacking
Intrusion into a computer network means that a hacker intentionally enters any computer system without authorization. Because the characteristics of hacker crime lie in its technicality and professionalism, college students begin to become a larger hacker group. Through the investigation of "hackers" in recent years, it is found that hackers are generally male, and most of them are high school students and college students aged between 16-24, and most of them are college students [7]. 1998, the first case in China to arrest a graduate student of a famous university for "the crime of destroying computer information system". Most of his illegal intrusions, network viruses and other behaviors are just an impulse to seek novelty. Because of the anonymity and nihilism of the internet, college students' subjective consciousness is weakened, and they only regard their behavior as an intellectual game or a show-off capital to gain satisfaction with their powerful rights. 1April 26th, 999, the "CIH" virus that destroyed nearly 60 million computers around the world was a joke of Chen Yinghao, a student in Taiwan Province province.
The reason why the network will cause college students' moral anomie is that its concealment causes the separation of behavior and responsibility. In real life, behavior is closely related to responsibility, and it is easier to determine responsibility. On the internet, behavior is no longer linked to responsibility, and college students can do what they are restricted by law and morality in reality without taking any responsibility. This invisibly urges college students to abuse moral behavior in pursuit of temporary emotional venting, which leads to the proliferation of uncivilized phenomena on the Internet and affects more college students' moral decline again. College students don't have good self-control ability, and morality has a strong inertia. The deviation of network morality will naturally transition to the anomie of real morality. Here, the radiation of the network to the real society will be reflected, and the network moral anomie will become the starting point of the real moral anomie [8]. At present, China and other countries are strengthening legislation against hackers to ensure the safe and healthy development of the network.
Fourth, the internet and college students' sense of security are indifferent.
National security in modern society includes three inseparable parts: political security, economic security and cultural security. On the surface, cultural security cannot be directly discovered, but with the increasing influence of the network, the influence of the network on cultural security is also increasing. Therefore, the cultural security of a country is becoming increasingly prominent.
Although peace and development are two major themes in today's society, the struggle between opposing political systems and ideologies has never stopped. The information infiltration in western capitalist countries is extremely concealed and deceptive, which easily blinds college students who lack political experience, world outlook, outlook on life and values, thus leading them to lose their political direction. [9]
One of the characteristics of network information exchange is transnational communication, which can play a huge positive role in a balanced communication system. However, the information exchange in the contemporary online world is extremely unbalanced. Western information exporting countries, led by the United States, use advanced science and technology to control the dominance of global information. With the asymmetric development of information field in the world, they use their monopoly position in information resources and related industries to infiltrate information into countries with relatively backward development in information technology field. Since the 1980s, food, clothing, hairstyles and entertainment, which are superficial things of culture, have become popular all over the world almost simultaneously with the help of television [10]. Today, the powerful influence of the internet is even stronger than that of television, and even the language, the most important defense against cultural aggression, has begun to westernize.
College students are China's most valuable human resources, and Britain and the United States will naturally not let go of this group with great potential. Infiltrating the values and ideology of college students from politics and culture has always been the practical policy of Britain and the United States, but college students' understanding and vigilance of the present situation are obviously insufficient. After NATO bombed our embassy in Yugoslavia, some college students called China "asking for trouble" and gave examples to illustrate China's interference with Britain and the United States on international issues. The news source is the Internet [1 1]. Although most college students strongly condemned this incident on the Internet, they lacked sufficient understanding of its hidden online behavior. In the long run, this indifference of college students' safety awareness is extremely dangerous, which will lead to college students being unconsciously assimilated by network information, thus leading to their political alienation.
We have seen this situation on the Internet:
First of all, within the reach of the Internet, western cultures have no scruples about the characteristics of heterogeneous cultures, trying to "persuade" others to give up their cultural beliefs and accept their own cultural ideas. When encountering obstacles, western culture will take various ways to "melt" it and assimilate it until it is destroyed. In the colonial era, the west used to rely on weapons to do this. Now, college students are drinking Coca-Cola, eating McDonald's, wearing T-shirts and cowboys and dancing street dance. Western society can easily achieve the same goal by relying on powerful electronic information flow.
Secondly, in areas with weak information dissemination, its national cultural style is not enough to resist the powerful offensive that swept through. The network mercilessly tears its own regional defense line to protect its national culture, so that only by joining the mainstream information flow can it adapt to the development of society, and unless it is isolated from the network, it will only be gradually assimilated.
In the future information society, the influence of a cultural value will largely depend on the science and technology supporting this cultural value [12]. Contemporary college students are extremely important cultural mission bearers in China in the future, shouldering the responsibility of protecting cultural security. According to statistics, English information on the Internet accounts for 84%. Under such a powerful encirclement of English, if college students don't realize the importance of local culture, then the future cultural maintenance and creation of China is not optimistic.
A lot, sum it up by yourself.