First, the problem and the significance of the study
Every Teacher's Day, the teacher's office is filled with colorful flower arrangements. Yellow Chinese rose, white starry sky, purple forget-me-not, pink gerbera ... just like a hundred flowers garden! However, after a day or two, those beautiful flowers withered and had to be thrown away. What a pity. Is there any way to make these flower arrangements bloom longer and more beautifully? We told the teacher about this idea, and with the guidance and help of the science teacher, we started the experimental research on flower arrangement preservation.
Through consulting materials and reading related books, I learned about flower arrangement in life, which is called cut flower academically. Cut flower is a very popular flower decoration material in the world at present, and it is also a flower with the largest annual output and consumption in the world. With the development of society and the improvement of people's living standards, the demand for cut flowers is increasing.
Cut flowers, in short, are branches with flowers, stems and leaves cut from flowering plants. There are many kinds of cut flowers, both cultivated and wild, but most of them are obtained through cultivation. Common and popular cut flowers mainly include rose, carnation, gladiolus, chrysanthemum, gerbera, lily, tulip, Helan, Anthurium andraeanum (commonly known as Anthurium andraeanum), calla lily, gypsophila paniculata, freesia, forget-me-not, orchids and so on. These flowers are beautiful in shape and colorful, so they are the first choice to beautify the environment.
Cut flowers are widely used. Usually used to make flower baskets, bouquets, garlands, corsages and vase flowers in restaurants, living rooms and bedrooms. Flowers can express people's feelings more artistically, pass one person's feelings to another, and have the function of sending feelings with flowers. Sending flowers has now become a noble etiquette for people to exchange feelings.
Second, experimental materials and methods
1. materials: gladiolus and snapdragon, edible sugar and medical anti-inflammatory drug ribavirin, each 0.2g, bought by a flower shop.
2. Methods: Our laboratory is in the dark, without direct sunlight, and the indoor temperature is about 22 degrees Celsius.
Each flower has four treatments, and each treatment uses two bottles, numbered 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Bottle 0 contains 250 ml of water, bottle 1 contains 245 ml of water and 5 g of sugar, bottle 2 contains 245 ml of water and 5 g of sugar, 0. 1 g of anti-inflammatory drugs, and bottle 3 contains 240 ml of water, 10 g of sugar and 0.2 g of anti-inflammatory drugs.
Gladiolus and snapdragon were treated by this method, and the experiment was repeated three times.
When observing and measuring, we use a plus sign to indicate the degree of flower opening and withering. Three plus signs indicate that the flower is fully open, two plus signs indicate that the flower is half open (including from bud to half open, or from flowering to half open), one plus sign indicates that it is in bud or death state, and the minus sign indicates that it is withered or the bud is tightly wrapped, and there is no sign of flowering. In order to express the degree of opening and decline by numbers, it is also convenient to calculate the total experimental results of each group of four flowers. Finally, the results of different treatments are briefly displayed in the form of tables. The number 3 stands for "three plus signs", the number 2 stands for "two plus signs", the number 1 stands for "1 plus sign" and the number 0 stands for "minus sign".
After the cut flowers are bought, the base of the stem should be cut off first, and then inserted into each bottle with the solution. Observe and record the first flowering degree of the day. Then, change the water or solution every other day, then observe the flowering state and make detailed records until most of the flowers wither, and then end the experiment.
Third, the experimental results
1. Experimental results of gladiolus
Table 1: Effects of sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs on flowering time and degree of gladiolus.
Comparison of flowering time and fruit among different treatments Comparison of comprehensive performance of flowering time and flowering degree among different treatments
The first experiment No.0 1 No.23 No.0 1 No.23 No.0 1 No.2 No.3.
4.5 3.0 5.5 6.0 2.0 6.0 7.0 7.0 98.5 106.0 1 17.5 74.5
The second experiment was 0.82.01.00.54.85.05.35.047.852.384.050.5.
The third experiment is 0.53.34.03.85.38.813.56.8.
84.3
107.5
98.3
99.8
The analysis of the data listed in the above table is as follows: First, from all the data obtained from the flowering time, flowering degree and comprehensive evaluation of the three experiments, the one with the largest data level is found as the best treatment. The second is to average the comprehensive performance data of the three experimental results, and find that No.0 is 77, 1 No.89, No.2 is 100, and No.3 is 75, and draw the following conclusions:
In the fresh-keeping experiment of gladiolus, it can be seen that the flower of bottle 2 has the best growth condition, the longest flowering time and the longest flowering state. From the average data of three experiments, it can be seen that the treatment of No.2 bottle has a maximum of 13.5 flowers and a maximum of 5.5 days, so the comprehensive evaluation of its preservation effect is the best. Compared with No.0 bottle, it blooms 8.2 more flowers, and the longest flowering time is longer 1 day. Then bottle 3, then bottle 1, and finally bottle 0. It can be concluded that the flowers in bottle 1 with only sugar are nourished, which is better than that in bottle 0 without sugar. Bottle 1 is not as good as bottles 2 and 3 because no anti-inflammatory drugs are added to prevent the growth of bacteria. However, there may be a little more anti-inflammatory drugs added on No.3, so the overall result is similar to No.2, but slightly worse than No.2.
Table 2: Effects of sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs on flowering time and degree of snapdragon.
Comparison of flowering time and fruit among different treatments Comparison of comprehensive performance of flowering time and flowering degree among different treatments
The first experiment No.0 1 No.23 No.0 1 No.23 No.0 1 No.2 No.3.
0.5 1.5 1.8 1.8 17.0 34.0 40.0 35.8 2 10.0 2 14.5 3 19.0 305.0
The second experiment is 0.50.51.91.021.319.548.6 27.8 249.0 236.0 236.0 232.8.
According to the same observation and calculation method as gladiolus, the comprehensive performance of the two experiments in the above table is averaged, and the number 0 is 230, the number 1 is 225, the number 2 is 278 and the number 3 is 269. It can be seen that in the experiment of snapdragon, the growth condition of bottle 2 is the best. From the average data recorded in three experiments, it can be seen that the treatment of No.2 bottle has at most 48.6 flowers, and the longest flowering time is 1.9 days. Compared with No.0 bottle, the maximum flowering time is 27.3, and the longest flowering time is prolonged by 1.4 days. Then bottle 3, then bottle 1, and finally bottle 0. It can be concluded that only the flowers in the sugar bottle are nourished, which is better than No.0, but it is not as good as No.2 and No.3 because no anti-inflammatory drugs are added, and No.3 may add a little more anti-inflammatory drugs than No.2..
Four. discuss
1, individual differences of flower materials.
We bought dozens of gladiolus and rose branches from flower shops, with different lengths and thicknesses, and different flowers. In order to avoid the influence of these differences on the experimental results of different chemicals, we have taken several measures: (1) At the beginning of the experiment, cut the flowers into the same length and insert them into the preservation solution;
(2) Repeat each treatment with one bottle, and put 2-3 flowers in each bottle;
(3) Repeat the experiment three times for the same four treatments;
(4) When observing the opening state of the second ceiling, different flower shapes are represented by addition and subtraction signs, and finally numbers are used instead of addition and subtraction signs, which is convenient for calculation and the total average value is obtained. This total average should be able to overcome the influence of individual differences in flower branches and truly explain the experimental effects of different treatments.
2. We love science, and we have learned a lot from "science" textbooks and teachers' explanations. Now that we have finished this series of experiments, we have gained more experience: our family sometimes buys some flowers to display, which adds to the beautiful and vivid atmosphere at home. But how to make these flowers bloom better and last longer? Give the squid some sugar. But if it is saccharified in water for a long time, will it be moldy and rotten? Through the experiment, the experimental results are obtained, which confirm our hypothesis and solve our doubts.
Verb (abbreviation of verb) conclusion
For gladiolus and snapdragon used in this experiment, the preservation effect of adding sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs in water is better than that of not adding sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs in flower arrangement solution. The concentration of sugar is about 4%, and the concentration of anti-inflammatory drugs is about four ten thousandths.
Reference of intransitive verbs
The Preservation Technology of Cut Flowers: Jindun Publishing House 1998 Li Xianzhang
Seven. Summary:
From the daily life of school and family, I feel that prolonging the flowering period of fresh cut flowers is a very interesting problem. After consulting the information, I know the wide application of cut flowers in life. In this study, two kinds of cut flowers, gladiolus and snapdragon, were treated with sugar/sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs. After three repeated experiments, the flowering time and degree were counted in detail, with data and photos. After analysis, the following conclusions are drawn: the fresh-keeping effect of adding sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs in water is better than that of not adding sugar and anti-inflammatory drugs; The concentration of sugar is about 4%, and the concentration of anti-inflammatory drugs is about four ten thousandths.