Establishing an effective fire safety prevention mechanism is an urgent problem in oil depot management, so how much do you know about oil depot safety? The following is what I have compiled about the fire safety knowledge of oil depot. I hope you like it!

First, the cause of the oil depot fire

The formation of fire also needs three basic conditions of combustion, namely combustible, combustion-supporting material and ignition source. However, these three factors are combined to cause the fire, and there are many reasons, except that the operator's thoughts are not taken seriously, the system is not strict, the management is not good, and the operation procedures are violated. Generally speaking, there are other objective reasons for the oil depot fire.

1, does not comply with the fire safety system and violates the operating procedures.

2, ideological paralysis. When maintaining the equipment, improper preventive measures may lead to explosion and fire of the fuel tank.

3. Use non-explosion-proof electrical appliances, communication devices, cables and equipment that do not meet the technical requirements in places with oil vapor; Installation and maintenance are not in accordance with regulations, equipment insulation is poor, overload, short circuit, and temporary lines are pulled at will; Improper installation, use and maintenance of electrostatic grounding devices and lightning protection facilities will cause fires, such as electrostatic arson and lightning strike.

4, lack of knowledge, foolhardy caused oil fire.

5. Failing to deal with oil leakage, oil leakage and inflammable and explosive substances in time, causing fire and explosion.

6, the bad guys set fire to destroy.

7. The unexpected fire spread. For example, the spread of surrounding mountain fires.

In addition to the above reasons, there was a fire. Cotton cloth and cotton yarn soaked in oil are not stored according to regulations, and are randomly placed in the operation area or tank farm. If it is not cleaned for a long time, it will also cause spontaneous combustion and cause oil depot fire.

Second, the characteristics of oil fires

Liquid fuel fire is fierce, with high flame temperature and strong radiation. The smoke wave is big, the flame speed is fast, the spread is fast, and the harm involves a wide range. Because of the different oil storage and oil products, the characteristics of fire are also different.

1, burning after explosion

When the oil tank catches fire, it explodes first, and then the oil in the oil tank burns violently. This situation is because the liquid level space in the oil tank is filled with a large amount of mixture of oil, gas and air. When the explosion limit is reached, it will explode instantly when it meets an open flame or other ignition sources, resulting in high temperature, heating the oil, rapidly increasing the evaporation space of the oil, and burning violently when the air space is sufficient.

When the oil tank is on fire, it will explode first, which will cause great destructive power to the fire extinguishing device fixed on the tank, resulting in the explosion of the tank cover, the separation of the tank top, the deformation or rupture of the tank, and the dispersion of a large number of combustible liquids, thus expanding the combustion range.

2. Explosion during combustion

The fuel tank caught fire and exploded during combustion. This combustion explosion occurs in the following three situations:

In the headspace of 1 oil tank, the temperature of oil vapor is very high, and combustion will occur under certain conditions. During the combustion process, because the fuel tank is filled with a large amount of air, the concentration of oil and gas reaches the explosion limit range, and the combustion state will explode instantly under the detonation condition.

Under the action of flame or high temperature, the pressure of oil vapor increases sharply. When the strength limit pressure of the fuel tank is exceeded, the fuel tank body will explode.

3. The burning oil tank makes the adjacent oil tanks affected by radiant heat, and the oil vapor in the tank increases, forming explosive mixed gas with air. When it comes into contact with a spreading flame, it will explode.

3. Stable combustion

The oil level in the oil tank is high, the headspace gas is less, and the mixed concentration of oil, gas and air in the headspace reaches the explosion limit range. When encountering an open fire source, it only burns stably on the liquid level of the oil tank. If the external conditions on the liquid surface change little during the combustion process and never reach the explosion limit range, then the combustion will continue until the oil burns out.

4, no longer burning after the explosion.

5, burning flame ups and downs

When there is a fire in a crude oil storage tank, the flame often fluctuates during the combustion process. When the flame rises, it is high, fierce, fast burning and strong heat dissipation. When the flame falls, the burning fire shrinks, the burning speed slows down and the flame is short. The reason for this combustion fluctuation is that crude oil contains different light fractions and heavy fractions.

Third, the oil depot fire prevention measures

The central problem of oil depot fire prevention is to attach importance to ideas and implement measures.

1, fire prevention is mainly to control the combustion conditions, eliminate and control the fire source.

That is to say, seriously implement fire safety laws and regulations, strictly abide by technical operation rules, strengthen the maintenance of oil depot equipment, implement the policy of "prevention first", establish and improve fire control organizations, popularize fire prevention knowledge, strengthen fire training and drills, and make everyone establish a fire prevention concept.

2, improve the fire safety rules

It is necessary to formulate feasible fire safety rules and technical operation procedures for storing a large number of flammable materials in oil depots.

3, fire inspection, eliminate hidden dangers in time.

Adhere to the system of firefighters on duty, and carry out mass fire prevention inspections before winter and spring on major holidays.

4, the implementation of building fire protection regulations

Fire prevention measures should be implemented in the planning, maintenance, renewal, expansion, technical transformation and construction of building devices of oil depots.

5, strictly control the fire source

Controlling fire source is the main aspect of oil depot fire prevention.

1 Strictly implement the regulations for entering the reservoir area.

2. Strictly control the open flame operation.

3. Prevent metal from colliding with each other to generate sparks.

4 to prevent power plants from generating sparks.

5 Anti-static discharge.

6, the correct handling of combustible materials

1 reduces the accumulation of oil and gas.

2. Properly dispose of its flammable materials in time.

Such as timely and proper disposal of cotton yarn and rag stained with oil.

7. Ensure that the fire fighting device is in good condition and reliable.

8, pay attention to the safety of electricity "people also: