Cezanne joined Impressionism through pissarro's introduction and participated in the first Impressionist Art Exhibition. Some people also belong to post-impressionism according to his style. Cezanne believes that "there are no lines, no light and shade, only the contrast between colors." The volume of an object image is represented by an accurate tonal relationship. "Most of his works are the embodiment of his own artistic thoughts, showing a strong sense of geometry, ignoring the accuracy of the texture and modeling of objects, and emphasizing the heavy and steady sense of mass and the overall relationship between objects. Sometimes even give up individual independence and authenticity in order to seek the harmony of various relationships. Cezanne believes: "Painting does not mean blindly copying reality, it means seeking the harmony of various relationships. "Since Cezanne, western painters began to express themselves from the pursuit of truly depicting nature, and various schools of formalism began to appear, forming the trend of modern painting. Cezanne's artistic method of pursuing formal beauty provided guidance for later modern oil painting schools. Therefore, Cezanne was respected by many painters who were keen on modern art in his later years and was honored as the "father of modern art". He pursued the form of expression all his life and made new innovations in the use of color and modeling, and was called "the father of modern painting". Among the19th century painters who can be regarded as the prophet of exploration painting in the 20th century, Cezanne is the most remarkable in terms of achievements and influence. He is a lonely man who is seldom understood. All his life, he struggled for the idea of expressing his artistic essence with pigments. These ideas are rooted in the great tradition of western painting, and even belong to the most revolutionary ideas in art in terms of inclusiveness. In the long history of artistic development before Cezanne, all painters focused on reproducing objective things, while the painter himself was a slave to imitating nature. Cezanne, on the other hand, gave up the traditional artistic concepts and rules, relied entirely on his own independent observation to create, consciously turned his attention to expressing his subjective world, and described the object from the perspective of structure through generalization and selection. It is precisely because of the subjectivity of Cezanne's painting that he changed the whole process of western art, shocked his later artists conceptually, and led to the comprehensive liberation of artistic thoughts. It can be said that modern art began in Cezanne.

This period of editor's artistic career

Paul Cézanne (1839 ~ 1906) was born and died in Aix, his ancestral home was Piedmont, and he was the descendant of a small craftsman and businessman. He studied in primary school and St. Joseph's school first. Because of his father's good luck, he changed from a hat shop owner to a bank manager, and he was sent to middle school to study. From 65438 to 0858, with solid basic knowledge, complete religious belief and sincere friendship with his classmate Mirzola, Paul graduated from middle school, passed the liberal arts graduation examination and entered the university law school according to his father's wishes. However, he didn't relax his lessons at Axe Sketch School. From 1856, a strong interest brought him to this school. Hard as he is. I know kindness, but my talent is not high. He is short and fat, with a broad forehead. His face with a hooked nose is not pleasing, but he has bright eyes and quick movements. He likes swimming and hunting and travels far and wide in Yuan Ye. He is also addicted to music. In the student band, he plays brass and flute with Zola.

1859, his father bought17th century red Buffon Garden built by Marquis Villar near Aix, and spent the summer there with his wife, son and two daughters. Paul set up his first studio in the villa. He has decided his future: no matter how his father opposes it, he will become a painter. His father reserved the post of heir to the bank manager for him and warned him with the following words: "son, think about the future!" " People will die because of talent, but they have to live on money. Cezanne was angry with this bourgeois outlook on life, but he still had to give in. However, he still painted in secret and paid limited attention to legal study. Emile Zola, who has settled in Paris, encouraged him to go to Paris, while bankers tried their best to stop the plan.

186 1 April, the father found that his son really didn't have the ability to do business. At the urging of his wife and eldest daughter Mary, he finally complained in a low voice and gave in. Paul Cézanne came to Paris. He rented a furnished room in Enting Street, studied painting at the Swiss Painting Academy, interacted with Kieman and Picasso, and continued to maintain friendship with Zola. He lives on 125 francs sent to him by his father every month. He can't adapt to the noise of the capital at all, and his early works are far from satisfying himself. He was never admitted to the Paris Institute of Fine Arts because: "Although he has the temperament of a color painter, he unfortunately abused color." He returned to Aix in frustration. He was very happy that his father had arranged a position for him in his own bank, but Paul did not sacrifice his brush because he was engaged in finance, but he still painted enthusiastically. He made a funny imitation painting "Four Seasons" on four large wallboard to decorate the hall of Gedbufang, and rudely signed the name "Angel" on the painting for entertainment. He paints self-portraits and portraits of his father.

1862165438+1October, he returned to Paris again. Although he often associates with impressionist painters, he doesn't appreciate them. He is close to Monet and Renoir, but he appreciates the works of Delacroix and Courbet. His paintings at this time are quite romantic, and he brazenly called them "hodgepodge". Others don't like his paintings, not even him. In fact, he has nothing to be happy about. Wherever I go, I feel uncomfortable. He broke off his newly formed friendship, left the famous painter who once attracted him, and constantly changed his residence. Bored, he left Paris and returned there out of curiosity. After he retired, he went to Aix, but he left there soon. Whether it was rejected by 1866 official salon is unknown.

In a word, he returned to Aix gloomily. In the winter of 1867 and 1868, it is certainly a new place to go to Paris. He appeared in the famous Gebowa Cafe where Manet, Renoir, Stevens, Zola, Kradl and Dulanty met, but he felt very uncomfortable. His work Sweet Soul or Afternoon in Naples was unsuccessful in the salon of 186 1. In the same year, he met a young female model, Mary Hortense Fugai.

Mrs Cezanne sitting in the red armchair is a portrait of his wife. In this work, Cezanne completely ignores the characters' personality, psychological state, social status and so on. In the way of expression, it is not described by the traditional method of expressing texture with light and shadow. Instead, he used color modeling to realize the combination of color and modeling that he pursued all his life. The expression of color and form has become the "essence of modeling" that Cezanne pursued all his life. His creative tendency of paying attention to the pursuit of artistic form has had a far-reaching impact on the emergence and development of western modernist art, so he is called "the father of western modern painting".

Although Cezanne was influenced by Impressionism, the mainstream of painting at that time, he was indifferent to the effect of light shining on different texture surfaces, but he always insisted on paying attention to the structure and texture of objects and gave up Impressionism on 1877. In his early days, Cezanne often used realistic techniques and real and difficult scenes as his painting themes. In his later years, his painting style changed, leaving many gentle, bright and solemn landscapes and landscape paintings with classical attention.

Cezanne said that he wanted to "make Impressionism as strong as museum art", which was often quoted and criticized by Renaissance people.

What Cezanne is looking for in his works is truth, that is, the truth of painting. Because he gradually felt that his source must be nature, people, things in the world he lived in, not past stories and myths. He hopes to turn these sources into the new reality of painting.

Cezanne's mature view was obtained in his way after long and painful thinking, research and practice. In his later years, he couldn't explain this theory clearly in words. His success may be more through his discoveries on canvas, that is, through natural fragments painted on paintings, than through his research in museums. His works include Estek Bay, Still Life Apple Basket, Mount St. Victor, Card Player, Red Vest Boy, etc.