Junior high school answering skills;
Junior high school students' answering skills are the knowledge that every junior high school student should master, that is, if your grades are not very good, but you can master the answering skills well, then your scores in the senior high school entrance examination will not be too high. This generation will explain junior high school students' answering skills in many ways, hoping to bring surprises to everyone. ..
1. Preparation and time arrangement before the exam
General principle: take one minute, 150 minutes, 150 minutes. Different from person to person, macro grasp
First, to enter the examination room, the first thing to do is to calm yourself down. The specific way is to take a deep breath first, and then tell yourself, "Haste makes waste" and "Don't worry, just hand in your papers on time". "Believe in yourself and never leave a blank easily", and remember the principle of "neatness, beauty and effectiveness".
Second, you have five minutes to browse the test paper before the bell rings. You can't answer questions with a pen at this time, otherwise it will violate the examination discipline. You can take a deep breath and read the test paper at the same time, but remember, don't take it as a substitute question, so as not to affect the mood of answering questions.
Third, you are not allowed to answer until the bell rings. In the process of answering questions, we should pay attention to avoid the following mentality: 1, anxious mentality, in order to seize the time, there is no condition to examine the questions, and we should answer the questions in a hurry. The solution is to meditate in your mind: "Doing the problem in a hurry is for nothing." 2. Stubborn mentality, unwilling to give up the test questions for a long time, wasting time. The solution is meditation: "I can't attack, and no one else can attack." Let's put it aside for the time being, maybe I will be inspired by other topics. "
Fourth, timing strategy.
The allocation of time should be subordinate to the purpose of success in the exam. The basic principle is to ensure that you don't lose points where you can score, and strive for as many points as possible where you can't score easily. In the specific operation, candidates are required to "eat according to the amount of food". According to the practical principle of "score-time ratio", topics with high scores spend more time and topics with low scores spend less time; Questions that can be done at a glance take time first, and questions that need to be answered by thinking are completed in the second echelon; The most difficult or never-seen topic should be solved at last. The time schedule can be roughly as follows: the first volume is about 35 minutes, not more than 40 minutes at most; 1 1-20 takes about 50 minutes, and 60 minutes is guaranteed in principle.
The method of answering questions that should be paid attention to in the process of answering questions in modern reading (this method is three strokes, hehe)
1
Perceive the contents of chapters as a whole and learn to talk to books and authors.
What is worth emphasizing in reading is the dialogue process between students, which is full of discovery, questioning, thinking and exploration, but the premise is to be able to perceive the content of the text as a whole. Only when you have the ability to read as a whole can you complete multiple thoughts in the process of dialogue with ghostwriters and answer reading questions well according to the requirements of ghostwriters and stem questions. Specifically, first of all, we should quickly read through the whole generation, capture the key sentences and words in each paragraph of the chapter, and initially grasp the main content of the chapter-the center, theme, thought and emotional foundation of the whole generation. For example, in the Ming dynasty, it was said that we should grasp the characteristics of explaining things, what interpretation methods were used by the first generation, and what were the functions of these methods? What scientific spirit and scientific truth have permeated several generations; The discussion generation should clarify what problems are discussed in the generation, tell us what truth, what argumentation methods and typical argumentation materials are used in the reasoning process; Describe what people and things are mainly written in the generation, express the author's feelings, what expressions are used in the generation, and whether the clues are obvious. These contents should be considered in the whole perception and must be accurate. If there is a slight deviation, the answer is completely wrong. The overall perception is based on the whole generation, emphasizing "sense" and implementing "knowledge". "Sense" and "knowledge" are also the process of information screening and integration. Next, according to the overall perception, we should think deeply about the main body and part of the text, focusing on the understanding of key paragraphs and keywords, and try to think about their role in the generation. Finally, according to the requirements of the stem, return to the whole thinking from the local, have a deeper understanding of the whole generation, circle the content that the stem requires to answer, and complete the dialogue with the whole generation.
The second move
Think from multiple angles and carefully screen information.
On the basis of overall reading, candidates should be good at thinking from multiple angles according to the specific requirements of different generations. Different generations have different angles of thinking. We should be good at screening the obvious information required by each topic, and learn to screen the hidden information hidden between the lines and included in the chapter content and theme. Take the title 18 of "Forgotten Straw" read in modern Chinese for the senior high school entrance examination in 2007 as an example: What does it mean to add the word "shudder" in the third paragraph? To answer this question, we can read that "straw" is eager to be found in the field, and he is trembling with excitement. We should read the implied information, and the "straw" is unwilling to be forgotten. Seeing the cows eating grass, the blades of grass trembled with excitement, hoping to be found. When analyzing key sentences, we should pay more attention to the rigor of thinking. Or take the title of the 2007 middle school exam "Forgotten Straw" 19 as an example: after the heavy snow, the straw will hold up a curve on the ridge covered with a thick layer of snow. What does this mean? Question 20: Paragraph 6 says, "Tall straw piles will disappear." What are the straws worth looking forward to in combination with the whole generation? At first glance, the way of asking these two questions seems to be a hierarchical problem, but after understanding the content of the whole generation, you will find that these two questions are all about the examinee's understanding of the hidden information in the whole generation. 19 the key point is that the straw itself does not yield to the harsh environment and is unwilling to be forgotten, while the 20 questions should start from the positive theme of the whole generation and think that the straw is not only unwilling to be forgotten, but also expects to be discovered and used to reflect its own value. This is the key point of text generation, which is a reading problem. Multi-angle thinking and meticulous thinking are the key to seeing the score. When answering reading questions, don't just understand the literal meaning without understanding the core content of the chapter.
The third measure
Fluent and complete organizational language, accurate and rigorous answers and expressions
If the examinee can not only grasp Zhang Dai's reading as a whole, but also analyze and taste Zhang Dai's key paragraphs and words, understand the theme and emotions of the whole generation, and have a strong ability to answer reading questions well, then it is very important to show the answers accurately. In the past, some candidates had correct ideas, but they lost points because of poor language organization and incomplete speech, which was not worth the loss. In order to avoid this phenomenon, it is forbidden to answer descriptive questions only with words or phrases, let alone blindly answer questions in the original dialect. According to the requirements of the stem, on the basis of refining and screening information, the language is well organized, closely related to the stem and answering questions, avoiding vague words, not to mention answering irrelevant questions, and writing a lot of words, the result is in vain. For example, in 2007, the senior high school entrance examination said the Ming Dynasty 16 Question: Why is it so lush to walk in the mirror gallery of Versailles, as if you were in a lush and tree-lined garden? Some candidates only write because the mirror gallery has the function of reflection, and the result is that they lose points. Judging from the answer results, the examinee understood the chapter content, but it was not accurate in language expression. There are two kinds of language expression ability: one requires accuracy and conciseness, and the other requires vividness, elegance and beauty. The former has insufficient ability, which leads to biased or inaccurate answers; The latter's lack of ability leads to dry and tasteless language and lack of appeal. In reviewing, we must consciously improve the expressive ability of these two languages. Another reason for poor expression is the lack of life accumulation. In modern reading, candidates are often asked to answer questions about personality perception in combination with real life. That is what we usually call an open question. Language expression is very important if you want to get full marks in answering such questions. Or evaluate, or appreciate, or taste, or briefly, or suggest, or advocate, etc. There should be a complete and detailed language expression mode. Strive to organize the answers to questions accurately, smoothly and completely.
Master the answering skills instead of reading comprehension.
Read through the whole generation, grasp the contents of chapters and sort out the context. Don't write down the answer without reading it completely. It's best to read the chapter from beginning to end first, and have an overall understanding and understanding of the chapter.
Find out the meaning of the problem and determine the reading space to solve the problem. On the basis of reading through the whole generation, I will browse the set topics and determine the reading space for solving problems after preliminary thinking.
3. Extract information directly from chapters. Some questions can be answered in Dai Zhong's original words, and then you can "extract information directly from Zhang Dai" to answer the questions.
Fourth, mine the implied information and deep meaning of sentences. Some questions need to be combined with the whole generation of content, dig out the implied information of sentences, and seek perfect answers after careful consideration.
5. Organize standardized language answers and write carefully. After the answer is basically considered mature, you need to pay attention to the language of expression. Simple and clear language can achieve twice the result with half the effort; Repetition is verbose, irrelevant and often leads to thankless efforts.
In the long run, the improvement of language substitutes' reading comprehension ability is not a day's work. It needs to pay more attention to the latest information, read more famous works, broaden one's horizons, increase practice, cultivate the ability of language evaluation, appreciation and perception, cultivate interest in learning language generation and cultivate temperament, and enter a new realm of learning language generation through reading more and thinking deeply.
Let's do a test to see if you can answer the questions in the way given above. Did you get anything?
Example: a seven-dollar dream
(1) "Buy: violin, unable to pay a high price. Interested sellers please call ... "
(2) Why did I notice this advertisement? Even I don't know.
(3) I spread the newspaper on my lap and closed my eyes. The past came to my mind: at that time, the whole family suffered. I once wanted a violin, but I couldn't afford it at home. ...
My two twin sisters fell in love with music. Harriet? Anne learned to play the upright piano left by her grandmother, and Susanna learned to play her father's violin. Because of their constant practice, it didn't take long for a simple song to become a pleasant melody.
(5) My arms are getting longer and longer, and I am trying to learn to play Suzanne's violin. I like the soft, mellow sound of a taut bow pulling the strings. "How I wish I had a piano!" But I know it's impossible.
(6) One night, when my twin sisters were performing in the school band, I closed my eyes tightly and imprinted this scene on my mind.
The year was bad and the harvest was not as good as we expected. Although the years are so hard, I can't wait to ask, "Dad, can I have my own violin?" "Can't you use Susanna's?" Father asked. "I want to join the band, but we can't use the same piano at the same time." Father's expression looks sad. That night, and many nights later, I heard him pray to God in the evening prayers of the whole family: "... my God, Mary? Lu wants a violin of his own. "
One night, the whole family sat around the table. My sisters and I are reviewing our lessons. My mother is doing needlework. My father gave it to his friend George in Columbus, Ohio. Finkel wrote a letter. My father once said that Mr. Finkel was an excellent violinist. Father read part of the letter to his mother while writing. A few weeks later, I found that he didn't read this line in the letter: "Would you please find a violin for my third daughter?" I can't afford a high price, but she likes music. We hope she can have her own musical instrument. "
A few weeks later, my father received a reply from Columbus. So my family drove to Columbus.
(10) My father drove into a residential area and stopped at the driveway in front of an old and beautiful building. We rang the doorbell. The door was opened by a tall gentleman older than my father. "Please come in!" He shook hands with his father kindly and they started talking at once. "Mary? Lou, I've heard a lot about you. Your father has prepared a gift for you, which will definitely surprise you. " After that, Mr. Finkel led us into the living room, took out a box, opened it, took out a violin and began to play. Sometimes the music is loud and sometimes it flies like a waterfall. "Oh, if only I could play like him!" I thought to myself.
(1 1) After playing a song, he turned to his father and said, "Carl, I found this in a pawnshop. It only cost seven dollars. This is a good piano. Now Mary? Lou can play beautiful music with it. " Then he handed me the piano.
12) Seeing the tears in my father's eyes, I finally understood everything. I have my own piano! I stroked the piano gently. This piano is made of golden brown wood and looks warm in the sun.
(13) On the day when I took my violin to school for my first class, no one could imagine the excitement at that time. In the next few months, I practiced the piano every day, and I felt that the warm piano book under my jaw was like a part of my body.
(14) The first performance was a little opera performed by the school, and my heart was pounding. A in the auditorium (there is no room, which means there are many people). When our band members tuned their instruments gently, the audience was still buzzing. When the stage spotlight shines on us, the audience immediately becomes B (there is no sound of crows and sparrows, which is described as very quiet). Mom and dad also looked at their little daughter, with a proud smile on their lips. Their little daughter embraced her precious piano, which amazed the whole world.
(15) Time seems to pass faster. After my two sisters graduated, I became the chief violinist.
(16) Two years later, I also finished my studies, put my precious violin back in the piano case, and stepped into the adult world.
(17) For many years, every time we moved, I took this piano with me. Every time I open my luggage and decorate my room, I will carefully store the piano. When I am busy, I will think about how much I cherish it and make a wish to myself that I will play some songs with this piano in the near future.
None of my children like the violin. Later, they got married one after another and left home.
(19) Now I have this newspaper with advertisements in front of me. I tried not to think about the past, but watched the advertisement that reminded me of my childhood again and put it down.
Paper, thinking: "I must find my piano."
I found the piano box in the depths of the closet, opened the lid and took out the violin lying in the rose velvet lining. My fingers gently stroked the golden wood. Surprisingly, the strings are still intact. I adjusted the strings, tightened the bow and put some rosin on the dry ponytail.
(2 1) Then, the violin played those favorite songs that I remembered in my heart again. I think of my father. When I was a child, he tried his best to meet all my wishes and requirements, and I don't know if I thanked him.
Finally, I put the violin back in the box, picked up the newspaper, went to the phone and dialed that number.
Later that day, an old car was parked in my driveway. It is a gentleman in his thirties who knocks at the door. "I have been praying that someone will reply to my advertisement in the newspaper. My daughter really wants to have a violin. " He looked at my piano and said, "How much is this?"
I know that no matter which musical instrument store will pay a good price. But just then, I heard my voice answer, "Seven dollars." "Really?" His question reminds me of my father. "Seven dollars." I said it again, and then said, "I hope your little daughter likes it as much as I used to."
I closed the door immediately after he left and saw his wife and children waiting in the car through the curtains. Suddenly the car door opened and a little girl ran to meet the piano box in his hand.
She hugged the piano box tightly, then knelt on the ground and clicked it open. She gently stroked the piano reflected by the red sunset, turned around and immediately hugged her smiling father.
1. Write the corresponding idioms according to the context of the paragraph (14) and the tips in brackets. A, B,
2. Imitate the underlined sentence in paragraph (10) and make a sentence in the form of "×× suddenly … suddenly seems ……".
3. The narrative order of this generation is that the narrative clue is,
4. This generation mainly wrote two such things, the detailed description of which is that the short description is that the advantages of this arrangement are.
What kind of family do I live in? Why does my father's expression look so sad when I can't wait to express my desire for a violin to my father?
6. In paragraph (12), the author wrote: "Seeing the tears in my father's eyes, I finally understood everything." Do you think Tears in My Father's Eyes expressed my father's feelings at that time?
7. My generation used "excitement" and "cherish" many times after they got the violin. What description method does the author mainly use to express this emotion of "I"?
8. The Generation mentioned two small advertisements for buying violins. What are the structural functions of these two advertisements?
9. In paragraph (24), "No matter which musical instrument store will pay a good price", why does "I" only need "seven dollars"?
10. A seven-dollar violin realized the dreams of two little girls. The title of the seal is "A Seven Dollar Dream". How do you understand this "dream"?
Answering skills of endorsement instead of reading and poetry appreciation
Substitute reading (9 points, 3 points for each small question) (8- 10 question)
1. Look at the last topic first to understand the contents of the seal.
2. Read the original again, silently read and circle the questions of "who", "how many people", "what happened" and "why" to understand the generation. See some words in the reading process, and understand them in the topic.
3. It is often helpful to pay attention to the generated comments.
Step 4 solve the problem. Topic design generally has the following types:
I. Information Screening Questions (Personality Expression Questions):
Answer skills: first find the options that can't express the character required in the question, and choose them by exclusion. Pay special attention to "who"' s "what personality" to prevent arrogance and other mistakes.
B, word comprehension questions
(1) Endorsed Function Words
Answer skills: first translate the meaning of function words in each group of sentences, and then put this meaning in another sentence to infer whether the usage of function words is the same. Pay attention to the whole meaning and the next generation meaning of the connection sentence.
(2) Endorsement of real words
Answer skills: analyze the font and distinguish the meaning of words. Inferring interchangeable words from the same (similar) pronunciation of words. Explain the words before and after with the contrast of mutual understanding. Compare and infer the meaning of words with idioms, and pay attention to ancient and modern synonyms. If you bring the given meaning into primary school, it is wrong to be fluent. The definition of notional words that I haven't heard is often right, just disturbing you.
C, content induction questions
Answer skills: find out the sentences corresponding to the options in the generating paragraph, and correspond one by one. When judging, it is necessary to make it clear that the mistakes in narration or analysis are only at a certain point, mainly including the reverse order, making things out of nothing, whether the deeds of the characters are arrogant, and whether the time is accurate. Center, main idea, understand the sentences that are mainly analyzed and discussed, and grasp them in general.
Bottom line: In ancient times, the selected chapters were often short stories of ancient sages and good ministers, so the meaning is not difficult to understand, but it needs to be bold and cautious to implement them in individual words. Don't worry when you come across words you really don't understand. Read the next generation first, maybe you will understand them yourself, or you can find the answer in the topic. If you don't understand, you won't understand. It's okay. Don't go into a dead end. If it can't be explained, it can often be considered as false or flexible.
Ok, the objective questions are finished, so you can fill in the answers in the designated places. Students must pay attention to the norms when filling in machine-readable cards. The answer to the first volume takes about 40 minutes.
After filling it out, take out the draft paper and prepare to enter the answering stage of the second volume of subjective questions. Take a deep breath and start! Keep reminding yourself that you must make a draft.
Volume II (* * *120min, 50+60min)
(four) endorsement translation, poetry appreciation, famous sentences instead of learning common sense to fill in the blanks (23 points)
1 1. Sentence translation questions (10 score):
Answer skills: (1) Reread the sentences of the previous generation in combination with the translated sentences. (2) First of all, every word in the sentence should be interpreted as modern Chinese. At this time, we should pay special attention to the flexible use of parts of speech, inversion, false words and compound words with partial meanings. (3) Circle the key words in the sentence, and the interpretation of these words is the score point. (4) Judge the sentence features of a sentence, which is also the scoring point. (5) Start word-for-word translation, do a good job of changing, leaving, deleting, supplementing and adjusting, and combine them into sentences, which are fluent and can reflect the characteristics of sentence patterns. It is required to conform to modern people's speaking habits. (6) It must be borne in mind that literal translation is the mainstay, supplemented by free translation, every word is implemented, and the original text is faithful. Individual words are really meaningless, so you can consider free use or free translation.
12. Poetry appreciation (8 points)
(1) Look at the title of the poem first, circle the title and grasp the key points of the poem.
(2) Read the author again and recall the author's dynasty and style.
(3) Reread the notes and look for clues to the content of the poem.
(4) Read through the whole poem. When reading through, pay special attention to circle at least one or two words in each sentence as sentence eyes. Use your imagination to explain the poem word for word and understand its main idea. The last two sentences are generally used to discuss and express emotions, which are the theme and artistic conception of the poem. Combine the poem title, description, discussion and lyric to infer what to write this song. Pay attention to the structure of the beginning, inheritance, transformation and combination of metrical poems.
(5) Appreciation expression of ancient poetry:
This poem adopts the technique of (expression, rhetoric, expression), writes out the characteristics of (image), shows (highlights) (certain) thoughts and feelings, and plays a (certain) role.
Forms of expression: narration, description, lyricism and discussion. (description)
Language features: implicit, humorous, witty, straightforward, simple, elegant, vulgar, natural, fresh, beautiful, simple and so on.
Rhetorical devices: metaphor, analogy, exaggeration, duality, parallelism, repetition, etc.
Expression techniques: symbol, contrast, contrast, imagination, association, care, lyric by scenery, lyric by scenery, lyric by objects, etc.
Image: specific people, events, scenes, etc. At work.
Thoughts and feelings: infatuation, sadness, melancholy, loneliness, sadness, loneliness, boredom, indifference, leisure, joy, admiration, anger, adherence to moral integrity, concern for the country and the people, etc.
Function: deepening artistic conception, deepening theme, profound artistic conception, beautiful artistic conception, meaningful, intriguing and far-reaching influence.
Special attention: read the title, notes, authors and other effective information. (1) Carefully study the topics of ancient poetry, some of which are actually summaries of the contents of poetry or provide an emotional tone for you to understand poetry. (2) Appreciation of poetry should pay attention to the clever use of words, the use of rhetorical devices and the effect of application. (3) Read the whole poem carefully and pay attention to the imagery and symbolism in the poem. (4) Evaluation should be appropriate, and artificial inflated should be avoided. Consider the emotional tone of poetry around human nature. (5) Keep some commonly used terms in poetry appreciation, dare to use them boldly, and pretend to understand if you don't understand them. (6) If there are famous sentences, we should pay attention to their functions and their weight in the whole poem; Pay attention to the influence of the times on writers; Pay attention to writers whose styles changed greatly in the early and late periods (such as Li Yu and Li Qingzhao). )
Or ... Fill in the blanks on behalf of common sense (2 points)
Answer skills: (1) "word for word". (2) The handwriting must be neat and clear.
13. Famous sentences and articles (5 points)
Answer skills: (1) "word for word". (2) The handwriting must be neat and clear, and it is forbidden to scribble or show off the calligraphy. (3) If you choose one of the two questions to fill in the blanks, choose the most confident one.
Substitute into the expression (15) (18-20)
First of all, review the sixth big question I did recently. Familiarity with the question type is the key to answering the question. Secondly, don't panic when you see new questions. Take your time and you will always get something. The examination of questions should be meticulous, conform to the conditions, be limited in form, be innovative in content and be coordinated before and after.
(1) segment compression problem
Ideas for solving problems: first, grasp key words and sentences and find out the center of the text; (Generally, there are explanations or repetitions. Then sort out the requirements of the corresponding questions to make them organized.
(2) Sentence expansion questions
Answer skills: grasp the key words, highlight the key points and be vivid.
(3) Sentence imitation writing questions
Answer skills: consistent rhetoric, consistent content and consistent sentence structure.
(4) Sentence conversion questions
Answer skills: to shorten it, first extract the main sentence as the first sentence, and then turn other modifiers into clauses in turn; To change the length, first make sure that one sentence is the main sentence, and then change other short sentences into modifiers in order.
(5) couplets
Answer skills: the phrase structure is the same, the number of words is the same, the content is the same, and the last word is flat.
(6) Public service advertisement
Answer skills: the number of words is generally 10-30 words. Be rhetorical, emotional, creative and in line with the meaning of the question.
(7) SMS
Answer skills: the number of words is generally 20-50 words. Be rhetorical, emotional, creative and in line with the meaning of the question.
Substitution (60 minutes, 60 minutes) (2 1 topic):
1. Review the questions (it takes at least 5 minutes, but in principle it cannot exceed 10 minutes).
(1) Understand the raw materials and topics, and pay attention to the topics that must appear in the viewpoint of raw material refining.
(2) Analyze the relationship between words in the topic. Generally, there are modification relations, juxtaposition relations and unrestricted relations.
(3) Redefine the viewpoint according to the relationship between words in the topic. If it is a modified relationship, it is necessary to highlight modifiers; if it is a parallel relationship, it is necessary to highlight the dialectical relationship between the two; if it is an unrestricted relationship, it is necessary to narrow the scope. (4) If you encounter new material or comics, you should turn it into a topic according to the pre-test guidance and then substitute it.
(5) If the topic is body double, don't do it yourself.
2, determine the material selection range
According to its own characteristics, determine the scope of material selection. For example, education, affection, friendship, environmental protection, present situation, war, corruption, life, generations and so on. Try to use the materials you are most familiar with. Expand contacts and broaden your horizons; Make good use of teaching materials and pay attention to advantages and disadvantages; Throughout the ages, ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign. Analyze the material and stick to the theme and argument.
3. Determine the generation
Choose philosophical generation, miscellaneous generation, discussion generation, narrative generation, fable novel, etc. According to your own specialties, don't deliberately adopt innovative generations, otherwise it will be effective. Try to avoid choosing the mentally retarded generation such as science fiction, making up stories, fairy tales and fables. What we are most sure of is the "five sections, three points and four links" model of the discussion generation. Please make good use of it. From beginning to end, generations should be clear.
4. Determine the argument
List the general argument and more than three sub-arguments on the draft paper, and the sub-arguments must be closely related to the general argument to reflect the rigor and profundity of thinking.
Step 5 write a title
Don't be untitled, don't be thematic. The following methods can be used to raise the topic: using rhetoric, quoting common sayings, using old sayings, borrowing idioms, using buzzwords and so on.
6. Write the beginning.
Be attractive at the beginning (straight to the point, straightforward; Create suspense and be fascinating; Ask questions and attract attention). Never copy raw materials. Get into the question quickly. To show your generation, let the teachers who correct the papers be preconceived.
7. The main paragraphs are hierarchical.
Try to replace the "pig" structure composed of head, abdomen and tail. The more natural the natural section, the more mature and sophisticated you are. The most important thing is to make the marking teacher clear at a glance. Generally, it is required to be divided into 5-8 segments.