Huang Kun (1919.9.2-July 6, 2005) was born in Jiaxing, Zhejiang and Beijinger. World famous physicist, one of the founders of solid state physics and semiconductor physics in China.
194 1 (in 30 years) graduated from yenching university, 1948 (in 37 years) received his Ph.D. degree from the University of Bristol, England, 1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences, and 1957 joined the Jiu San Society. He has successively won the Science and Technology Achievement Award of He Liang Li Hao Foundation 1995 and the highest national science and technology award of 200 1.
Huang Kun is mainly engaged in the research of solid state physics theory and semiconductor physics.
Chinese name: Huang Kun.
Nationality: China.
Ethnic group: Han nationality
Place of birth: Beijing
Date of birth:1965438+September 2, 2009.
Date of death: July 6, 2005
Occupation: educational and scientific research worker
Graduate School: University of Bristol, UK
Main achievements: the highest national science and technology award 200 1.
1995 He Liang Li Hao Foundation Science and Technology Achievement Award
1955 was elected as an academician of China Academy of Sciences.
Masterpieces: lattice dynamics theory and semiconductor physics.
The life of the character
1965438+On September 2, 2009, Huang Kun was born in Beijing. Huang Kun primary school attended the primary school affiliated to Beijing Normal University and Shanghai Guanghua Primary School, and the middle school was spent in the middle school affiliated to Yanda University and Luhe Middle School in Tongxian County, Beijing. He was smart and studious since he was a child, and his academic performance was excellent. He has been the first in his class for three years in high school.
1937, Huang Kun was admitted to the Physics Department of yenching university.
194 1, graduated from yenching university physics department. During his college years, Huang Kun was obsessed with the emerging international quantum mechanics, and completed his thesis "Equivalence of Heisenberg's and Schrodinger's Quantum Mechanics Theories" and obtained his bachelor's degree. After graduation, I worked as a teaching assistant in the Physics Department of The National SouthWest Associated University, Kunming.
65438-0942, Huang Kun was admitted to The National SouthWest Associated University as a graduate student of theoretical physics, and his tutor was physicist Wu Dayou.
1944, Huang Kun completed his thesis "exciting coronal spectral lines" and obtained a master's degree in Peking University. After graduation, I worked as an assistant researcher at Kunming Observatory.
1In August, 945, Huang Kun was a doctoral student at Mott, University of Bristol, England. In two years, Huang Kun finished three papers, one of which was later called Huang Man Scattering. In June+10 of the same year, Huang Kun studied solid state physics from Professor N.F. Mott, a famous theoretical physicist who won the Nobel Prize later.
1947 in may, Huang Kun went to the physics department of the university of Edinburgh, England, and wrote a monograph on lattice dynamics theory in cooperation with m born, a contemporary physicist and nobel prize winner.
65438-0948, Ph.D., University of Bristol, UK. After receiving his doctorate, he worked in the Department of Physics of Edinburgh University and the Department of Theoretical Physics of Liverpool University. During his stay at Liverpool University, Huang Kun met Rhys, a British female colleague, and established a sincere and profound friendship.
1950, Huang Kun and his collaborators first put forward the quantum theory of multi-phonon radiation and non-radiation transition, namely "Huang-Pecard theory".
195 1 year, Huang Kun returned to Peking University as a professor of physics, and Huang Kun first proposed the coupled oscillation mode of phonons and electromagnetic waves in crystals and related basic equations.
1952 in April, Reese came to China, married Huang Kun, and later worked in the physics department of Peking University. In Peking University, Huang Kun successively served as a professor, deputy director of the Department of Physics of Peking University, and director of the Semiconductor Teaching and Research Section. Together with other teachers, he established a general physics teaching system with China characteristics.
From 65438 to 0956, when Huang Kun was a professor in the Physics Department of Peking University, he participated in the establishment of the first semiconductor physics major in China. During his teaching at Peking University, Huang Kun also presided over the establishment of the undergraduate teaching system and compiled the textbook of Solid State Physics.
1977, Huang Kun was transferred to the position of director of the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Huang Kun personally gave lectures to researchers and organized academic exchanges throughout the Institute.
1988, which was later published by the international physics community as the "Huang-Zhu model", was introduced in detail in many foreign graduate textbooks.
1985 was elected as an academician of the Third World Academy of Sciences, a researcher and honorary director of the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences.
In 200 1 year, Huang Kun and his Peking University alumnus Wang Xuan won the highest national science and technology award of that year.
On July 6th, 2005 16: 08, Huang Kun died in Beijing at the age of 86.
Major achievements
achievements in scientific research
Huang Kun made two groundbreaking academic contributions. One is to put forward the famous concepts of "Huang Equation" and "Phonon Polaron", and the other is the "Huang -Rhys Theory" put forward by A.Rhys (Chinese name Fu), who later became his wife. The theory of X-ray diffuse scattering caused by impurity defects in solids is put forward, which is called "yellow scattering", and together with Reese, the quantum theory of multi-phonon radiation and non-radiation transition is put forward. At the same time, Pecard published a parallel theory, which is called "Huang-Pecard Theory" or "Huang-Rees Theory" internationally. The coupled oscillation mode of phonon and electromagnetic wave in crystal is proposed, and the equation proposed at that time is called "yellow equation"; Study semiconductor quantum well superlattice physics. The optical vibration theory of superlattice is established, and the theory later called "Huang-Zhu model" by the international physics community is published.
Huang Kun and his students analyzed the electronic states of hole bands in quantum wells and superlattices of ⅲ-ⅴ compounds in detail, and developed a simple and effective calculation method suitable for superlattice structure, thus theoretically calculating the properties of hole bands in quantum wells and superlattices, the effects of valence band hybridization and applied electric field on exciton absorption in quantum wells and superlattices. He and his students systematically studied the long-wave optical vibration modes in superlattices and pointed out that the results of the popular continuum model were wrong. Based on the dipole oscillator lattice model he proposed in 195 1, they proposed a theoretical model that can describe the known experimental facts at present, and obtained the correct description of the body-like modes of longitudinal optical vibration and transverse optical vibration in one-dimensional and two-dimensional quantum systems. Their work plays an important role in understanding the optical properties, light scattering effect and the interaction between electrons and lattice waves of semiconductor superlattices.
thesis
1: Huang, K, xrayreflexionsoffulfsole SoldSolutions, ProcRoySoc (London), 1947, a190:102-117.
2. Huang, K, Quantum Mechanical Calculation of Heat of Solution Andresidual Resistance of Goldinsilver, ProcPhysSoc (London),1948,60:161-175.
3: Huang, K, London, ProcPoySoc, 1950, A203: 178- 194.
4. Huang, KandARhys, Information Center for Optical Absorption and Nonradiative Transition Theory, Journal of Physics (London), 1950, A204:406-423.
5: Huang, K, lattice vibration and optical waveguide, nature, 195 1, 167:779-78 1.
6. Huang, K, On the Interaction between Radiation Field and Ionic Crystal, ProcPoySoc (London), 195 1, A208:352-365.
7. Huang, KandARhys, vanderwaalsinteractions and the deviation of additional relations, China Journal, 195 1, 8:208-22 1.
8: Huang, K, The Longwave Modeof the Cuola, ZPhysik, 1963,171:213-225.
9: Huang, K, Adiabatica Pro-oxidation Ontoheoryofnoration Transition, Science, 198 1, 24:27-34.
10: Huang Kun, adiabatic approximation and static coupling theory without radiation transition, China Science. 1980 (10).
1 1: Huang Kun, whether adiabatic approximation in multiphonon recombination theory is invalid, Journal of Semiconductors, 1980(0 1).
12: Huang Kun, lattice relaxation and multiphonon transition theory, progress in physics, 198 1,1(1): 31-85.
13: Huang, k, ZGu, phonon analysis in multiphonon spectrum (Beijing), 1982, 1:535-555.
14: Huang Kun, Liu Dongyuan, steepest descent method and multi-frequency model of multi-phonon transition, Journal of Physics, 1985, 34: 709-7 14.
15: Huang, contribution to multiphonon transition theory, China scientific progress: physics, 1985,1:1-8.
16: Tang Hui, Huang Kun, hole subband theory in superlattice, Journal of Semiconductors,1987,8 (1):1-10.
17: Zhu, B, Huang, Effects of ValenceBandy BridizationOntHeexcitonspectraingaasga1-xaxaxasquantumwells, PhysRev, 1987, B36: 8102 ~ 8/kloc.
18: Xia, Huang Kun, subband and optical transition of quantum wells under electric field, Journal of Physics, 1988 (0 1).
19: Some Problems in Huang Kun Research, Superlattice and Quantum Well, Physics, 1988(07).
20:HuangK，BZhu，dielectric continuummodelandflohlichinteractioninsuperglates，PhysRev， 1988，B38: 13377- 13386 .
2 1: Huang Kun, lattice vibration of semiconductor superlattice, progress of natural science, 1994(05).
22. Xia, Huang Kun, China Research Progress in Semiconductor Physics, Physics, 1999(09).
work
personnel training
1957 and 1958 have trained more than 200 first-batch semiconductor graduates. It has also established research institutes and workshops for the production of semiconductor materials and devices, enabling the semiconductor discipline and semiconductor technology in China to develop independently. Qin Guogang, Gan and Xia were elected as academicians of China Academy of Sciences.
Winning record
social service
He used to be a researcher, director and honorary director of the Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and chairman of the Chinese Physical Society.
The 5th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference Standing Committee (1978), and was re-elected as the 6th, 7th and 8th CPPCC Standing Committee respectively.
Chairman of the Chinese Physical Society, member of the Standing Committee of the Department of Mathematics and Physics of China Academy of Sciences, and representative of the Third National People's Congress of People's Republic of China (PRC) (1964).
From 65438 to 0977, Huang Kun was transferred to the Institute of Semiconductors of the Chinese Academy of Sciences as the director.
Member of the Semiconductor Committee of the International Association of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) (1985- 1988).
family
My father is a senior employee of China Bank, and my mother He is also a bank employee. My mother graduated from Beijing Women's Normal University.
Personality assessment
Huang Kun, like a modern phoenix, rose from the ashes and became the world's leading solid-state physicist. (Comment by M. Cardona, an internationally renowned solid state physicist and former director of the Institute of Solid State Physics of Max Planck Institute in Germany)
Mr Huang Kun is a world-famous physicist. He has made many pioneering contributions to solid state physics and is one of the founders of solid state physics and semiconductor physics in China. Mr. Huang Kun has always emphasized the educational policy of combining both ability and political integrity with teaching and educating people, devoted himself to teaching and educating people, and devoted great energy to the glorious cause of cultivating scientific and technological talents in the country. He believes that the importance of cultivating a scientific and technological team in China far exceeds his academic achievements, and it is a model of China's scientific community. What Mr. Huang Kun left us is not only some remarkable scientific achievements, but also the spirit of continuous innovation and bold exploration in scientific research, as well as the rigorous and realistic attitude towards learning and the noble sentiment of being indifferent to Zhi Ming. His childlike love for the motherland, childlike sincerity for his career, sincere heart for the party and noble sentiment will set an example for the world and enlighten his later studies. (Comment by Academician Qin Guogang, Professor of Peking University Institute of Physics)
Mr. Huang Kun's most important contribution is the establishment of five universities to specialize in semiconductors, which has trained a batch of outstanding talents for national semiconductor science and technology, and played a pioneering role in initiating and developing semiconductor science and technology and education in China, and establishing and developing the semiconductor industry system from scratch. The advanced educational ideas advocated by Mr. Huang, such as self-reliance, unity and cooperation, and striving for educational resources in many ways, are always worth learning and carrying forward. (Comment by Professor Ruan Gang of Fudan University)
Academician Huang Kun is a model of scientific circles in China. He devoted himself to teaching and supporting. His rigorous academic style has trained a batch of outstanding talents. His childlike love for the motherland, his childlike heart for the cause, his childlike heart for the party and his noble sentiments will continue to set an example for the world and inspire future generations to learn. (Comments by Peng Huanwu, Dai Yuanben, Hao Bailin and He Xiuxiu)
Dai color is vast and small, and the sky is bleak and the stars are heavy. If there is no teacher in physics, there will be one less academician in the field. (Comment by Academician Ye Pei Da, an expert in microwave communication and optical fiber communication)
Mr. Huang has brought out a large number of the backbone of China's semiconductor industry, with peaches and plums all over the world. (Comment by Academician Xia, an expert in semiconductor physics)
Mr Huang Kun is a man, seeking truth and being pragmatic in scientific research. His spirit of seeking truth from facts, innovative thinking and rigorous style of study are all worth learning. (Microelectronics scientist, comments by Academician Li Zhijian of Tsinghua University)
He spent his whole life searching for the true meaning in the scientific world and silently passing on the fuel of knowledge. He not only made outstanding contributions to the progress of mankind in the field of science with a rigorous and diligent scientific attitude, but also interpreted the personality essence of a scientist with an indifferent attitude towards fame and fortune and an honest attitude towards life. Huang Kun is famous in the world academic circles, and he is really a heavyweight scientist. Huang Kun's life is brilliant, and his research is even more outstanding. (Xinhuanet Review)
Commemoration of future generations
bronze statue
On June 5438+February 65438+May 2006, the inauguration ceremony of the bronze statue of Mr. Huang Kun, co-sponsored by Peking University Institute of Physics, Peking University Institute of Microelectronics and State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, was held in Peking University Physics Building. Min Weifang, secretary of the Party Committee of Peking University, attended the ceremony and unveiled the bronze statue with his wife Fu and Mr. Huang, the eldest son of Huang Kun.
memorial meeting
On the morning of July 6th, 20 15, on the occasion of the 10th anniversary of Academician Huang Kun's death, Institute of Semiconductors of Chinese Academy of Sciences held a seminar on Academician Huang Kun's academic thoughts and a memorial service for the 10th anniversary of Mr. Huang Kun's death, in order to commemorate the contribution made by Academician Huang Kun of China Academy of Sciences to the scientific cause and deeply cherish his noble character and moral sentiments. Academician Qin Guogang, Gan, Gan, Xia of China Academy of Sciences, some teachers and students of Peking University and Tsinghua University, leaders of Semiconductor Institute, staff and students of State Key Laboratory of Superlattice attended the memorial service. The memorial service was presided over by Li Shushen, academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences and director of Semiconductor Institute.