How to write the final report? Although the research methods are different and the specific writing methods are different, there are certain rules to follow from its basic format. As far as its structure is concerned, the general structure of educational research report is: 1. The title of the research report is the research report of the subject. For example, the research report on the connection between five-year mathematics teaching in higher vocational colleges and junior high school mathematics teaching thinking; "Report on the experiment and training of" successful education "; "Investigation report on the phased achievements of' harmonious education experiment and training'"; "Research Report on Work-oriented Teaching Thought"; Using audio-visual media to optimize classroom structure and promote the realization of teaching objectives-TET mode experiment and training report in higher vocational classroom teaching, etc. Generally, the name of the research group or the author of the research report should be clearly written under the topic. 2. The presentation of research questions is actually the beginning of the research report, just like the role of "introduction". The main content of this part is to write clearly the research purpose, research background, value and significance of this topic, as well as the main achievements and present situation of this topic at home and abroad, the problems to be solved and the research theoretical framework. In this part, it is necessary to clearly analyze what the research hypothesis is, whether the hypothesis language is clear and testable, and fully demonstrate the hypothesis of the project. Of course, you can refer to the relevant contents in the project application report. 3. The research methods of this part mainly explain the methods selected in this research. Including: (1) which research method to choose according to the characteristics of the subject. (2) Sampling method, quantity (i.e. capacity) and conditions (i.e. pre-research level) of the research object (i.e. sample). The sampling method is required to be scientific, the sample size is appropriate and representative. (3) Determine the research design according to the selected research methods. (4) Define the operation. That is, give a clear definition or explanation to the related concepts involved in the research, so that the research is more operable. (5) Give clear and specific measurement methods and statistical test methods for the variables studied. (6) The control method of irrelevant variables in the research is given. (7) Specific implementation procedures of the project. That is, the research time and steps. 4. Research Achievements "Research Achievements of the Project" is the most important part of the whole conclusion report. Whether a conclusion report is well written, whether it can comprehensively and accurately reflect the basic situation of the research of the subject and make the research results of the subject have the value of promotion and reference depends on how the specific content of this part is written. Generally speaking, this part of the text accounts for about half of the whole summary report. We should pay attention to three issues in the expression of this part: first, don't just talk about practical achievements, not theoretical achievements. Conclusion The research results of the report should include two parts: theoretical results and practical results. Many concluding reports state the research results in this way: through research, we have held several public classes and observation classes, how many papers have been published, which level of awards have been won, how many articles have been published in public publications and those compilations, how many students have participated in what competitions and won those awards. Or through research, what improvements have been made in students' academic performance and learning ability, and what improvements have been made in teachers' scientific research level, etc. Are these research results? This is the result. But this is only a practical achievement. It is not enough to present the closing report in this way. Because of this statement, others can't learn anything from your research results, and such research results have no reference and promotion value. What has reference value and popularization value is often reflected in theoretical achievements. Some comrades think that our research has no theoretical results. Actually, it is not. The theoretical achievements we are talking about are new ideas, new understandings, or new strategies, new teaching models and so on. These new ideas, new understandings, new strategies and new models are often closely related to the results we have determined in the "research objectives" or "research contents". For example, the research goal of a reading teaching research project is to "build a new reading teaching model with subjectivity, openness, effectiveness, experience, creativity and encouragement of success, and study and discuss the basic principles, basic operating procedures and common operating procedures that this model should follow, as well as the basic teaching strategies for effectively running this program". Then, in the "research results", what is the new model, as well as the basic principles, operating procedures, basic teaching strategies and so on. The above are the theoretical results of the research, which has the value of reference and reference. Second, the statement of research results should not be too short. Some disciplines have written many academic papers in the course of research. These academic papers are some of the main achievements of this research. In the "research results" part of the final report, the main points of these papers should be refined and summarized. Some summary reports state the results in this way: what papers do you see for the research results? It is not acceptable to just say this. If a topic is divided into several sub-topics, the research results of these sub-topics should also be refined and summarized in the expression of the results of the conclusion report. When refining and summarizing, we should pay attention not to simply list the main achievements of this sub-topic and that sub-topic, but to synthesize the main research achievements of all sub-topics and summarize some points. At the same time, it should also be noted that the research results of these sub-topics must reflect the determined research objectives. Third, don't specify the research experience or experience about the subject in the "research results" section. Generally speaking, after a research topic has passed the final acceptance, the research group still needs to make a summary. In this summary, we must sum up the research experience and talk about the research experience. Do not state these two aspects in the final report. The research results are the main content of the research report. This part requires an objective and true qualitative and quantitative analysis of the research materials and data. Qualitative analysis is actually inductive analysis and logical analysis of the collected data. Therefore, the subjective judgment of researchers should be avoided in qualitative analysis, and the facts obtained in the research should be mainly stated. The purpose of this is to draw the reader's attention to the next part of the discussion of this research result. The reliability test of qualitative analysis can be calculated by formula: (n is the number of researchers who analyze the same content). In the process of quantitative analysis, the statistics, analysis and test results of relevant data obtained in the research process should be listed. If it can be expressed in the form of a chart, it should be expressed in the form of a chart as much as possible. The chart should be clear and reasonable, so that readers can see it at a glance. In quantitative analysis, it is mainly to calculate the average, median and mode of data to judge the degree of concentration trend of data; ② Calculate variance, standard deviation and coefficient of variation to judge the degree of data dispersion; ③ Calculate the standard score and judge the relative position of the research object in the group; ④ Calculate the correlation coefficient and judge the degree of correlation between two variables; ⑤ Use statistical test to analyze and identify the research results. As for the test and analysis of data, there are mainly: Z test (suitable for the significance test of large sample size, that is, the size is greater than 30, and the probability of difference is inferred by using orthogonal normal distribution theory, so as to judge whether the difference between the average values of two samples is significant or whether the difference between samples and the overall average value is significant); T-test (applicable to the difference significance test of small sample size, that is, the sample size does not exceed 30. Like the z test, it is to judge whether the difference between the average values of two samples is significant or whether the difference between the samples and the overall average value is significant); F-test (used for hypothesis testing of multiple parameters); Test (applicable to the test of counting data, used to judge the difference between the research results and the expected values of theoretical assumptions), etc. For various test methods, please refer to relevant educational statistical analysis books. For those materials that are not the result of data, but are valuable to the research results, such as the behavior of the research object. , they should also be listed in this section. 5. Discussion part This part is to explain the statistical results of relevant data, clarify what these data explain, and analyze and evaluate the results and significance of the research. Here you can express your personal views or opinions on the research results. 6. The conclusion part of the conclusion part is to give an answer to the question or topic hypothesis studied, and it is required to be concise. In this part, we can also point out the problems that need to be solved in the research. 7. References and Appendices In this part, you can indicate the sources of materials cited or mentioned in the research report for readers' reference. The format of reference materials is generally as follows: ① If it is periodical materials, please indicate the author's name, article title, publication name and serial number. (2) If it is a book, indicate the author's name, title, name of publishing house, publication date, page number, etc. The material education and scientific research required for the completion of the project are the summary of the whole research and the appraisal of the research results. What materials are needed to complete an educational research project? Generally, the following materials need to be prepared: 1. Application report for concluding the topic; 2. Project declaration report; 3. Notice of project approval; 4. Stage summary of the research; 5. Final conclusion report of the study; 6. Attachment: (1) Project achievements; (2) Relevant research materials of the subject, etc. Second, review the closing materials After receiving the closing materials submitted by the project, the expert group will review the closing materials. Generally speaking, the expert group mainly reviews the research situation of this topic in the materials, mainly including the following aspects: (1) What is the significance of the topic; (2) Whether the research design of the subject is scientific and reasonable; (3) the research process of the subject, including whether the management process is scientific; (4) Whether the research method of the subject is correct, especially whether the relevant variables are input and controlled, and whether the data and information collection are scientific and sufficient; (5) How about the research results of the project, especially whether there are enough data and materials to explain and demonstrate the results, including qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, and how valuable the research results of the project are; (6) What are the characteristics of the research? (7) What problems still exist in the research of the subject, and what suggestions are made for the further research of the subject. After completing the above work, the expert group may request a conclusion demonstration meeting. The expert group should generally review the materials one week before the demonstration meeting. Conclusion The agenda of the demonstration meeting is generally as follows: 1. The expert group can listen to the brief explanation or introduction of the research group, and can also supplement the conclusion materials. 2. If necessary, the expert group can also attend lectures or consult relevant departments to verify relevant data, or hold small-scale seminars and lectures for teachers and students. 3. After the expert group completes the lecture or holds a small symposium and listens to the brief introduction of the research group, it may ask the research group to reply on the relevant issues of the research. 4. After the defense meeting, the expert group held a meeting to further discuss the evaluation of the project results. 5. The expert group announced and submitted the evaluation results of the research results to the research group. The evaluation results of the expert group can be used as the basis for the certification of research results and the basis for relevant scientific research awards.