It is necessary to keep a diary of primary school teaching. The requirements of the new curriculum standard: writing should be sincere, strive to express one's unique feelings and real experience of life in the natural society, observe life from multiple angles, discover the richness of life, capture the characteristics of things, and strive to express creativity. "From this requirement, we can find that any form of free expression diary is the most conducive to achieving this teaching goal. At the same time, the new curriculum standard also specifies the number of exercises in detail. In addition to 14 exercises per academic year, students are also required to practice writing of 10,000 words, and this quantitative requirement is implemented in daily diary teaching.
So how should we teach diaries? I think every Chinese teacher has his own method. Let me talk about how I, as a teacher and a parent, guide my children to keep a diary.
First, start early.
Diary begins with writing words, which can be done after students learn pinyin. Students write one or two complete sentences with pinyin and a few Chinese characters that can be written, which is the embryonic form of a diary. Is it necessary to keep such a diary? I think it is necessary. Although children are young, they also have their own joys and sorrows. They are curious about nature and life, and their eyes are better at discovering. Diary provides them with a platform to show their colorful spiritual world, and students get satisfaction in the process of writing. I call this kind of diary "one sentence a day". In the writing stage, parents and teachers must carefully guide and help their children. First, guide the children to talk about what they want to write most today, such as the happiest thing. In the process of speaking, guide them to speak completely and fluently, and then write after speaking. In the process of writing, tell children to write whatever they say, that is, "I write with my mouth." When you encounter words or pinyin that you can't write, you should help your children patiently and teach them to develop the habit of looking up books, which is also a good consolidation of the Chinese knowledge you have just learned. After writing, let the children have a look to see if there is anything that needs to be revised, which will subtly cultivate children's good writing habits. In order to better stimulate children's enthusiasm for writing "one sentence a day", parents can also organize diaries with their children, such as illustrations. My child's first-grade diary is full of colorful and interesting illustrations: a bright begonia flower, a little tadpole swimming in a jar, a mother and daughter twirling hula hoops ... Some of these pictures are her daughter's graffiti, and some are made by us. In the process of sorting out diaries, cultivate children's aesthetic sentiment and love for life. It is this love that makes her (him) more willing to observe and describe life. Therefore, as a teacher, I often encourage students to illustrate diaries, which is very helpful to improve children's interest in writing.
Second, broaden the theme.
Diary comes from life, and every child's life is colorful. So is a child's diary like life itself? Actually, it's not. In teaching practice, I often find that some children keep the same diaries. They will go to this house for dinner today and visit that house tomorrow. After eating and drinking enough, they always end their day with "I am so happy today". Such a diary is not untrue, but his perspective on life is too single and narrow. Therefore, as parents and teachers, we should do a good job of inspiration and guidance to help children explore a wide range of topics. "There is no lack of beauty in life, but a lack of eyes to find beauty." Guiding children to observe is the key to writing a good diary. Especially in the lower grades, we should focus on observation, write more observation diaries and accumulate life. There are two ways to observe: "Go out" and "Please come in". "Going out" means that parents should take their children to nature more often and enjoy the first flower in spring, the first cicada in summer, the first fallen leaf in autumn and the first snow in winter. The change of seasons makes nature unpredictable and magical. As a parent, you should take a sincere childlike innocence and experience it with your children. Another way to observe is "come in". According to children's hobbies, keeping some animals and plants at home is of great benefit to cultivating children's continuous observation ability. In my child's thick diary, there are many continuous observation diaries, such as the "cute little tadpoles" series, in which tadpoles are like small black beans until they grow four legs, lose their tails and become small frogs. There are also series such as Little Grey Rabbit and Wenniao. In the process of raising these "please come in" small animals, it will not only help children to observe carefully, but also cultivate children's good feelings of loving animals and getting along with them on an equal footing. Observing the diary is just one of the themes of the diary. Middle and senior grades should encourage children to write more experience diaries, feel diaries, and create more opportunities for children to participate in activities and experience in activities. Reading more books and newspapers, caring about current events and expressing feelings are not only the needs of enriching diary content, but also the needs of adapting to and promoting children's development.
Third, hierarchical evaluation
With the growth of children's age, the level difference of diaries becomes more and more obvious. At this time, it is very important for teachers to evaluate diaries at different levels. Confucius, a great educator, put forward the idea of teaching students in accordance with their aptitude more than two thousand years ago, which is also the theoretical basis of hierarchical teaching. The theory of multiple intelligences holds that everyone has his own superior intelligence and weak intelligence. For teachers, recognizing the differences between students and teaching students in accordance with their aptitude is not only the performance of personalized teaching, but also the performance of loving children. The purpose of diary is to express, encourage students who are not good at writing to express, and guide students who are willing to express. I think this has achieved the purpose of the exercise. Based on this principle, in the process of correcting diaries, I give hierarchical evaluation according to students' different levels, requiring students with poor levels to be basically fluent in sentences and be able to write and copy neatly around one content. For students with intermediate level, in addition to the above requirements, higher standards are put forward, that is, using more accumulated sentences and imitating more to improve the artistry of language; For some students who write best, encourage them to write their own personality, write their own characteristics and form their own language style. As long as the students meet the requirements, I will give them a five-star reward and give them words of encouragement. Practice has proved that this hierarchical evaluation has obvious effect on stimulating writing interest and improving writing level.