Paper Keywords: hierarchical teaching, classified guidance, comprehensive application, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude
At present, under the premise of taking the class teaching system as the main teaching form, it is a good way to overcome the traditional class teaching system, emphasize * * * and ignore individuality, and it is also the key to teach students in accordance with their aptitude and ensure the achievements of quality education.
First, the significance of hierarchical teaching and classified guidance.
Highlight students' subjectivity and respect individual differences. The new English curriculum standard puts forward:? The development of students is the starting point and destination of English courses. English courses should emphasize the idea of taking students as the theme in the aspects of goal setting, teaching process, curriculum evaluation and curriculum resource development? . In order to highlight the student-centered thinking in teaching, we must respect individual differences, adjust measures to local conditions and vary from person to person. In other words, while facing all students, we should pay attention to each student and respect individual differences. In English teaching, if our teachers adopt a single teaching method for all students, they will not be able to adapt to the learning characteristics and level of all students, let alone meet their needs, which will lead to excellent students in the teaching class. Not enough to eat , it is difficult to give full play to its potential.
Second, the principles to be grasped
(1) principle of subjectivity
Grasping this principle requires teachers to create a teaching atmosphere conducive to innovation in the teaching process. Establish a democratic, cooperative, equal and harmonious relationship between teachers and students. Completely change the traditional classroom teaching mode of cramming, and provide students with time and space for thinking. Create question situations, inspire students to ask questions, tolerate students' mistakes, make students want to ask, dare to ask, be good at asking questions, and become the masters of learning.
(2) Incentive principle
The theory of successful education tells us that every student has the need and potential for success. This requires teachers to pay attention to the potential of each student, create various opportunities and conditions for them to try, explore and show themselves, improve their enthusiasm and enhance their self-confidence.
(3) the principle of hierarchical teaching
This principle requires teachers to design different levels of teaching objectives, put forward different levels of learning requirements and guidance requirements, and conduct different levels of tests according to the requirements of teaching syllabus and teaching materials, so that all kinds of students can choose different speeds at their respective starting points and obtain different amounts and levels of knowledge and information.
(4) guiding principles of classification
This refers to the reasonable classification of students according to their basic ability, hobbies, quality, intelligence and non-intelligence factors, and the implementation of hierarchical guidance.
Third, the method of hierarchical teaching and classified guidance.
(1) student stratification
Students' stratification is the first step and the most critical step in hierarchical teaching. Therefore, from the first day of junior high school, students are divided into different grades according to their academic performance, confidence, perseverance, interest, intelligence level, internal potential and other factors, and then students of different grades are mixed into several groups, and one grade is set as the team leader. Each group leader is responsible for one or two B and C students, and is responsible for supervising and checking their homework, reciting texts and answering questions. However, this level is not static and can be adjusted at any time according to the development situation. In this way, hierarchical grouping can improve students' enthusiasm for learning English, stimulate students' internal potential and stimulate students' learning motivation, and their English level will advance by leaps and bounds.
(2) Stratification of teaching objectives
It is very important to establish the learning goals of students at all levels, so that students can have an expectation, thus stimulating impulse, enthusiasm and forming the motivation to achieve the goals. Only by hierarchical goals, proceeding from students' reality, being targeted and treated differently can students at different levels enjoy full learning opportunities and gain something in their study, thus achieving the purpose of stimulating the learning enthusiasm of all groups.
(3) Preparing lessons at different levels
Layered lesson preparation is to thoroughly understand the teaching materials according to the syllabus, put forward different requirements for different types of students, design different teaching methods for each class, focus on eliminating obstacles, improve the requirements for gifted students, and set up layered exercises.
(4) Lectures are conducted at different levels.
Different requirements should be put forward according to students' acceptance ability, and classroom teaching should be carried out within students' ability. Its structure is: establishing hierarchical goals, setting doubts layer by layer, explaining layer by layer, trying to practice, classifying and guiding, summarizing layer by layer and working layer by layer. At the same time, we should pay attention to the relationship between macro (students as a whole) and micro (students as individuals), as well as the relationship between excellent, medium and poor students, so that there are similarities and differences, points and combinations, and good points and combinations.
(5) Post hierarchical setting
The specific way is to let the poor students strengthen their practice, and at the same time supplement the comprehensive application problems for the excellent students to expand their abilities.
(6) Classification guidance after class
This means that teachers give targeted guidance to students at different levels according to the different teaching effects of hierarchical teaching to ensure the effectiveness of guidance.
(7) Inspection and classified detection
Teachers are required to set different requirements for students at different levels in order to promote students' learning at all levels through examinations.
Fourth, the comprehensive application of principles and methods.
(1) Stratify the students according to the method mentioned above.
(2) After students are stratified, it is necessary to determine the teaching objectives at different levels. In the subsequent actual teaching work, according to the established objectives, we should study the teaching materials, teaching methods, students at each level and every teaching link, and truly integrate the principles and methods of stratified teaching and classified guidance into actual teaching.
(3) Set the following questions in the preview stage, so that students can choose to complete them according to their actual abilities. Let every student give birth? I can read this story. Stimulate their interest in learning.
(d) After listening training and text analysis, let students of different levels answer the above questions at different levels. Let students at all levels have a sense of success.
(5) In the present perfect tense stage of explaining the grammar difficulties in this lesson, the traditional divergent intensive speaking and practice is changed to centralized intensive speaking and practice. Explain the concept of the present perfect tense in the least concise language, and change the complete but slightly obscure concept in the book to? Does the past behavior or state affect or continue to the present or the future? . Then, give sentences with different difficulty, guide all kinds of students to do problems, and make them feel that they can learn new knowledge.
(6) In word teaching, students can be divided into different levels to help the top students read in and out of class or give individual guidance to the poor students, which can play a role from point to area.
(7) What are the assignments given? Individually packaged? Let students at all levels have choices and give targeted guidance.
(1) Read and memorize words (required)
(2) Familiar with the text (compulsory)
(3) Master the basic structure of the present perfect tense (will)
(4) Recite the text (optional)
(5) Retell the text (optional)
(6) Write an interesting story in the present perfect tense (alternative)
Five, the implementation effect of hierarchical teaching and classified guidance
After the implementation of hierarchical teaching and classified guidance, students with the same level are at the same starting line, and students with similar level, especially those with poor foundation, have overcome their inferiority complex in the past and re-established their self-confidence in learning English well. Students are also scrambling to answer the teacher's questions, and the classroom atmosphere is very active.
refer to
[1] English Curriculum Standards (Experimental Draft) [J] Beijing: Beijing Normal University Press, 2002
[2] Guan Wenxin. "New Curriculum Idea and the Implementation of Junior Middle School English Classroom Teaching". [J] Capital Normal University Press
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