If you want to pass the defense smoothly and really play your own level in defense, you need to know and master the essentials and art of defense besides making full preparations before defense.
First, bring the necessary information and materials.
First of all, students should bring papers and main reference materials when attending the defense meeting. As mentioned above, some colleges and universities stipulate that students can prepare for a certain period of time after the main defense teacher asks questions at the defense meeting, and then answer them face to face. In this case, the necessity of carrying papers and main reference materials is self-evident. Even like the Correspondence College of the Central Party School, after teachers ask questions, they don't give students time to prepare and ask for answers on the spot. But in the process of answering, you are also allowed to look through your own papers and related reference materials. Although you can't rely on these materials when defending, you can take them with you. When you can't remember for a moment, you can avoid the embarrassment and confusion of not answering. Secondly, you should also bring a pen and notebook to record the questions and valuable opinions and opinions raised by the main defense teacher. By recording, you can not only ease your nervousness, but also better understand the key and essence of the teacher's question. At the same time, you can think while recording and make the thinking process natural.
Second, be confident and don't be nervous.
On the basis of full preparation, there is no need to be nervous and have confidence. It is very important to build confidence and eliminate tension and panic, because excessive tension will make the questions that can be answered impossible. Only if you are confident and calm, your defense will have a good performance. Self-confidence mainly comes from making full preparations in advance.
Third, after listening to the question clearly, think about it before you answer.
When the main defense teacher asks questions, the students should listen attentively and write down the answers to the questions in the notebook, and carefully examine what is the key and essence of the questions raised by the main defense teacher. Don't answer the question if you don't know its meaning. If you are not clear about the question, you can ask the teacher to say it again. If you don't understand some concepts in the question, you can ask the teacher to explain it, or you can express your understanding of the question, and ask if it means this, and then answer it after you get a positive answer. It is possible to avoid answering irrelevant questions. The answer is to the point.
Fourth, answer questions concisely.
After knowing the exact meaning of the questions raised by the main defense teacher, you should respond in a short time, speak your thoughts confidently in fluent language and positive tone, and do not hesitate. To answer questions, first, we must grasp the key points, be concise and to the point, and don't ramble, so that people can't get to the point after listening; Second, we should strive to be objective, comprehensive and dialectical, leave room for it and avoid talking too much? Die? ; Third, it is necessary to make a concrete analysis and have a clear hierarchy. In addition, pay attention to clear words, moderate voice and so on.
Five, can't answer questions, can't refute.
Sometimes the teacher of the defense committee is not satisfied with the answer given by the respondent, and will ask further questions to find out whether the author really understands and grasps this question. In this case, if the respondent is sure to make it clear, he can state the reasons for his defense; If you are not sure, you can try to answer carefully and answer as much as you can, even if it is not exact, it doesn't matter. As long as it is related to the question, the teacher will guide and inspire you to get to the point; If it's really a problem you haven't figured out, you should be realistic and explain that you haven't figured it out, and say that you must study this problem carefully in the future, and you can't argue irrationally and quibble. Because the teacher of the defense Committee may have studied this problem specially, no matter how clever he is, he can't fool him. It should be understood here that it is not surprising that a student was asked a question at the defense meeting, because the members of the defense Committee are generally experts in this field. It is natural that they can't answer one of their questions. Of course, not all questions can be answered, and it is not normal to ask three questions without knowing.
Six, when the main point of view in the paper is different from the main defense teacher's point of view, you can argue with it.
In the defense, sometimes the main defense teacher will put forward a point of view different from the basic point of view in your paper, and then please talk about your point of view. At this time, you should try your best to defend your point of view and refute the opposite point of view. Among the questions asked by the main defense teacher, there are some basic knowledge questions and some academic inquiry questions. For the former question, it is not negotiable to ask you to give a correct and comprehensive answer. The latter question is still inconclusive, and people with different views can discuss it with each other. If the basic ideas of your thesis are well thought out and justified, don't give up your own ideas just because the members of the defense Committee put forward different opinions. Otherwise, it is tantamount to denying your hard-earned paper. You know, some defense teachers put forward different views from your paper, not his own. He just wants to hear your comments and opinions on this point of view, or to test your defense ability, or your firmness in your own point of view. To say the least, even if you ask the teacher for his own opinion, you should hold it? I love my teacher, and I love truth more? Attitude, argument, debate. But when arguing with the defense teacher, we should pay attention to the discretion and use appropriate arguments. Generally speaking, we should give priority to defending our own views, refute each other's arguments in euphemistic language as much as possible, and input our views into each other in an inquiring tone without showing any trace, so as to convince or convince them. Let the teacher who asked questions feel that although he accepted your opinion, his self-esteem was not hurt.
Seven, be polite.
The process of thesis defense is also the process of academic thought exchange. Respondents should regard it as a good opportunity to learn from the defense teachers and experts, ask for advice and ask questions. Therefore, during the whole defense process, the respondent should respect the teachers of the defense committee and behave politely, especially when the questions raised by the main defense teacher are difficult to answer or the defense teacher's views are different from his own. After the defense is over, leave calmly and politely, regardless of the defense situation.
In addition, after the graduation thesis defense, the author should listen carefully to the judgment of the defense Committee, further analyze and think about the opinions put forward by the defense teacher, and summarize the experience and lessons of thesis writing. On the one hand, through this graduation thesis writing, I want to know what scientific research methods I have learned and mastered, and my ability to ask questions, analyze, solve problems and conduct scientific research has been improved. What are the shortcomings, as a reference for studying other topics in the future. On the other hand, we should seriously think about the questions and opinions raised by the defense teachers at the thesis defense meeting, revise our own papers, deepen our research, and seriously revise our own papers to achieve in-depth development and achieve greater results. To improve their knowledge and ability.
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